Items where Subject is "MARUM OC - Ocean and Climate"

Group by: Creators | Item Type | Volume
Jump to: Suppl. | 99 | 98 | 971 | 97 | 96-97 | 96 | 95 | 93 | 92 | 91 | 9 | 89-90 | 89 | 88 | 87 | 864 | 86-87 | 85 | 845 | 84-85 | 83 | 82 | 81 | 806 | 80-81 | 80 | 8 | 79 | 78 | 77 | 76 | 75 | 74 | 73 | 72 | 71 | 70 | 7 | 69 | 68 | 67 | 667 | 66 | 65 | 64 | 638-63 | 638 | 63 | 629 | 625 | 62 | 618 | 617 | 613 | 612 | 61 | 607 | 602 | 60 | 6 | 597 | 594 | 593 | 59 | 585 | 580 | 58 | 579 | 577 | 570 | 57 | 568 | 566 | 565 | 560 | 56 | 559 | 557 | 55 | 548 | 545 | 54 | 536 | 533 | 53 | 529 | 525 | 52 | 519 | 512 | 510 | 51 | 509 | 506 | 505 | 500 | 50 | 5 | 498 | 496 | 495 | 494 | 492 | 491 | 490 | 49 | 488 | 487 | 486 | 484 | 482 | 481 | 480 | 48 | 479 | 478 | 475 | 473 | 471 | 47 | 466 | 465 | 463 | 460 | 46 | 459 | 450 | 45 | 449 | 448 | 447 | 446 | 445 | 443 | 441 | 440 | 44 | 438 | 437 | 436 | 435 | 434 | 432 | 430 | 43 | 429 | 426 | 425 | 424 | 423 | 422 | 420 | 42 | 419 | 417 | 415 | 414 | 412 | 410 | 41 | 407 | 406 | 405 | 404 | 402 | 401 | 40 | 4 | 399 | 398 | 396 | 394 | 392 | 391 | 39 | 387 | 383 | 382 | 381 | 38 | 378 | 375 | 374 | 373 | 371-37 | 371 | 37 | 369 | 367 | 364 | 363 | 36 | 357 | 355 | 352 | 35 | 348 | 344 | 343 | 340 | 34 | 339 | 333-33 | 331 | 33 | 329 | 328 | 326 | 325 | 322 | 32 | 319-32 | 319 | 318 | 317-31 | 317 | 316 | 315 | 313 | 311 | 310 | 31 | 309 | 308 | 307 | 306 | 305 | 304 | 303 | 302 | 301 | 300 | 30,7 | 30 | 3 | 299 | 298 | 296 | 295-29 | 293 | 292 | 291 | 290 | 29 | 289 | 288 | 287 | 286 | 284 | 280 | 28 | 279 | 274 | 273 | 272 | 270 | 27 | 268 | 262 | 261 | 260 | 26 | 259 | 257 | 256 | 254 | 253 | 252 | 250 | 25 | 249 | 247 | 246 | 245 | 242 | 241 | 240 | 24 | 239 | 237 | 236 | 235 | 232 | 231 | 230 | 23 | 229 | 228 | 227 | 225 | 224 | 223 | 222 | 221 | 220 | 22 | 219 | 218 | 217 | 216 | 215 | 214 | 213 | 21 | 209 | 208 | 207 | 204 | 203 | 2022 | 202 | 2014 | 201 | 20 | 2 | 199 | 198 | 197 | 196 | 195 | 194 | 193 | 192 | 191 | 190 | 19, 4 | 19 | 188 | 187 | 186 | 185 | 184 | 183 | 182 | 181 | 180 | 18 | 179 | 178 | 177 | 176 | 175 | 173 | 172 | 171 | 17 | 165 | 164 | 163 | 162 | 161 | 160 | 16 | 159 | 158 | 157 | 156 | 155 | 154 | 153 | 152 | 151 | 150 | 15 | 149 | 148 | 147 | 146 | 145 | 144 | 142 | 14 | 139 | 137 | 136 | 135 | 133 | 132 | 131 | 13 | 129 | 128 | 127 | 126 | 125 | 124 | 123 | 122 | 121 | 120 | 12 | 119 | 118 | 117 | 116 | 115 | 114 | 113 | 112 | 111 | 110 | 11 | 109 | 108 | 107 | 106 | 105 | 104 | 103 | 102 | 101 | 100 | 10 | 1
Number of items at this level: 1831.

Suppl.

Kyte, FT, Omura, C and Gersonde, R (2010) Accretionary growth of impact spherules. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Suppl.. A113-A113.

99

Bakker, P, Masson-Delmotte, V, Martrat, B, Charbit, S, Renssen, H, Gröger, M, Krebs-Kanzow, U, Lohmann, G, Lunt, DJ, Pfeiffer, M, Phipps, SJ, Prange, M, Ritz, SP, Schulz, M, Stenni, B, Stone, EJ and Varma, V (2014) Temperature trends during the Present and Last Interglacial periods – a multi-model-data comparison. Quaternary Science Reviews, 99. 224-243. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.06.031

Berger, WH, Schulz, M and Wefer, G (2010) Quaternary oceans and climate change: lessons for the future? International Journal of Earth Sciences, 99(1). 171-189. doi:10.1007/s00531-010-0553-y

Roters, B and Henrich, R (2010) The middle to late Miocene climatic development of Southwest Africa derived from the sedimentological record of ODP Site 1085A. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 99(2). 459-471. doi:10.1007/s00531-008-0398-9 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Saenger, C, Affek, HP, Felis, T, Thiagarajan, N, Lough, JM and Holcomb, M (2012) Carbonate clumped isotope variability in shallow water corals: Temperature dependence and growth-related vital effects. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 99. 224-242. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.09.035 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

98

Lindow, J, Castex, M, Wittmann, H, Johnson, JS, Lisker, F, Gohl, K and Spiegel, C (2014) Glacial retreat in the Amundsen Sea sector, West Antarctica – first cosmogenic evidence from central Pine Island Bay and the Kohler Range. Quaternary Science Reviews, 98. 166-173. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.05.010

971

Chouksey, M, Eden, C, Masur, GT and Oliver, M (2023) A comparison of methods to balance geophysical flows. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 971. doi:10.1017/jfm.2023.602

97

Mollenhauer, G, Basse, A, Kim, JH, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Fischer, G (2015) A four-year record of UK′37- and TEX86-derived sea surface temperature estimates from sinking particles in the filamentous upwelling region off Cape Blanc, Mauritania. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 97. 67-79. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2014.11.015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

96-97

Enge, AJ, Kucera, M and Heinz, P (2012) Diversity and microhabitats of living benthic foraminifera in the abyssal Northeast Pacific. Marine Micropaleontology, 96-97. 84-104. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.08.004

96

Josey, S, Grist, J, Kieke, D, Yashayaev, I and Yu, L (2015) Sidebar: Extraordinary ocean cooling and new dense water formation in the North Atlantic. State of the Climate 2014 in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96(7). 67-68.

Titschack, J, Goetz-Neunhoeffer, F and Neubauer, J (2011) Magnesium quantification in calcites [(Ca,Mg)CO3] by Rietveld-based XRD analysis: Revisiting a well-established method. American Mineralogist, 96(7). 1028-1038. doi:10.2138/am.2011.3665

Vogts, A, Badewien, T, Rullkötter, J and Schefuß, E (2016) Near-constant apparent hydrogen isotope fractionation between leaf wax n-alkanes and precipitation in tropical regions: Evidence from a marine sediment transect off SW Africa. Organic Geochemistry, 96. 18-27. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2016.03.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

95

Stendardo, I, Kieke, D, Rhein, M, Gruber, N and Steinfeldt, R (2015) Interannual to decadal oxygen variability in the mid-depth water masses of the eastern North Atlantic. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 95. 85-98. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2014.10.009 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

93

Al-Rousan, S, Pätzold, J, Al-Moghrabi, SM and Wefer, G (2004) Invasion of anthropogenic CO2 recorded in planktonic foraminifera from the northern Gulf of Aqaba. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 93(6). 1066-1076. doi:10.1007/s00531-004-0433-4

Lohmann, G, Wagner, A and Prange, M (2021) Resolution of the atmospheric model matters for the Northern Hemisphere Mid-Holocene climate. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 93. 101206. doi:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2021.101206

Steinke, S, Mohtadi, M, Prange, M, Varma, V, Pittauerová, D and Fischer, HW (2014) Mid- to Late-Holocene Australian–Indonesian summer monsoon variability. Quaternary Science Reviews, 93. 142-154. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.04.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

92

Dupont, LM (2009) The Congo deep-sea fan as an archive of Quaternary change in Africa and the eastern tropical South Atlantic. In: Kneller, B, Martinsen, OJ and McCaffrey, B (eds.) External Controls on Deep-Water Depositional Systems, SEPM Special Publication 92. SEPM Society for Sedimentary, USA, 79-87. ISBN 1565761367

91

Ólafsdóttir, KB, Schulz, M and Mudelsee, M (2016) REDFIT-X: Cross-spectral analysis of unevenly spaced paleoclimate time series. Computers & Geosciences, 91. 11-18. doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2016.03.001

9

Bahr, A, Lamy, F, Arz, HW, Major, C, Kwiecien, O and Wefer, G (2008) Abrupt changes of temperature and water chemistry in the late Pleistocene and early Holocene Black Sea. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 9. Q01004. doi:10.1029/2007GC001683 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Bakker, P, Stone, EJ, Charbit, S, Gröger, M, Krebs-Kanzow, U, Ritz, SP, Varma, V, Khon, V, Lunt, DJ, Mikolajewicz, U, Prange, M, Renssen, H, Schneider, B and Schulz, M (2013) Last interglacial temperature evolution - a model inter-comparison. Climate of the Past, 9(2). 605-619. doi:10.5194/cp-9-605-2013

Bienhold, C, Schourup-Kristensen, V, Krumpen, T, Nöthig, EM, Wenzhöfer, F, Korhonen, M, Vredenborg, M, Hehemann, L and Boetius, A (2022) Effects of sea ice retreat and ocean warming on the Laptev Sea continental slope ecosystem (1993 vs 2012). Frontiers in Marine Science, 9. doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.1004959

Bogus, K, Zonneveld, KAF, Fischer, D, Kasten, S, Bohrmann, G and Versteegh, GJM (2012) The effect of meter-scale lateral oxygen gradients at the sediment-water interface on selected organic matter based alteration, productivity and temperature proxies. Biogeosciences, 9. 1553-1570. doi:10.5194/bg-9-1553-2012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Pätzold, J and Wefer, G (2010) How different proxies record precipitation variability over southeastern South America. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 9(1). doi:10.1088/1755-1315/9/1/012007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Clotten, C, Stein, R, Fahl, K, Schreck, M, Risebrobakken, B and De Schepper, S (2019) On the causes of Arctic sea ice in the warm Early Pliocene. Scientific Reports, 9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37047-y PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Collins, JA, Govin, A, Mulitza, S, Heslop, D, Zabel, M, Hartmann, J, Röhl, U and Wefer, G (2013) Abrupt shifts of the Sahara-Sahel boundary during Heinrich Stadials. Climate of the Past , 9. 1181-1191. doi:10.5194/cp-9-1181-2013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dietrich, S, Werner, M, Spangehl, T and Lohmann, G (2013) Influence of orbital forcing and solar activity on water isotopes in precipitation during the mid- and late Holocene. Climate of the Past, 9(1). 13-26. doi:10.5194/cp-9-13-2013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Du, X, Russell, JM, Liu, Z, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Oppo, DW, Mohtadi, M, Zhu, C, Galy, VV, Schefuß, E, Yan, Y, Rosenthal, Y, Dubois, N, Arbuszewski, J and Gao, Y (2023) North Atlantic cooling triggered a zonal mode over the Indian Ocean during Heinrich Stadial 1. Science Advances, 9(1). doi:10.1126/sciadv.add4909

Eis, J, van der Laan, L, Maussion, F and Marzeion, B (2021) Reconstruction of past glacier changes with an ice-flow glacier model: Proof of concept and validation. Frontiers in Earth Science, 9. doi:10.3389/feart.2021.595755

Franke, J, Schulz, M, Paul, A and Adkins, J (2008) Assessing the ability of the 14C projection-age method to constrain the circulation of the past in a 3-D ocean model. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 9. Q08003. doi:10.1029/2008GC001943

Giry, C, Felis, T, Kölling, M, Wei, W, Lohmann, G and Scheffers, S (2013) Controls of Caribbean surface hydrology during the mid- to late Holocene: insights from monthly resolved coral records. Climate of the Past, 9. 841-858. doi:10.5194/cp-9-841-2013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Giry, C, Felis, T, Scheffers, S and Fensterer, C (2010) Assessing the potential of Southern Caribbean corals for reconstructions of Holocene temperature variability. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 9(1). IOPscience. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/9/1/012021 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

González, C and Dupont, LM (2010) Tropical vegetation evidence for rapid sea level changes associated with Heinrich Events. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 9(1). doi:10.1088/1755-1315/9/1/012003

Greaves, M, Caillon, N, Rebaubier, H, Bartoli, G, Bohaty, SM, Cacho, I, Clarke, LJ, Cooper, M, Daunt, C, Delaney, ML, deMenocal, PB, Dutton, A, Eggins, SM, Elderfield, H, Garbe-Schoenberg, D, Goddard, JG, Green, DRH, Groeneveld, J, Hastings, D, Hathorne, EC, Kimoto, K, Klinkhammer, GP, Labeyrie, LD, Lea, DW, Marchitto, TM, Martínez-Botí, MÀ, Mortyn, PG, Ni, A, Nürnberg, D, Paradis, GL, Pena, L, Quinn, TM, Rosenthal, Y, Russell, AD, Sagawa, T, Sosdian, S, Stott, LD, Tachikawa, K, Tappa, E, Thunell, RC and Wilson, PA (2008) Interlaboratory comparison study of calibration standards for foraminiferal Mg/Ca thermometry. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 9(8). Q08010. doi:10.1029/2008GC001974

Groeneveld, J, Nürnberg, D, Tiedemann, R, Reichart, GJ, Steph, S, Reuning, L, Crudeli, D and Mason, P (2008) Foraminiferal Mg/Ca increase in the Caribbean during the Pliocene: Western Atlantic Warm Pool formation, salinity influence, or diagenetic overprint? Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 9. Q01P23. doi:10.1029/2006GC001564 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Handiani, DN, Paul, A, Prange, M, Merkel, U, Dupont, LM and Zhang, X (2013) Tropical vegetation response to Heinrich Event 1 as simulated with the UVic ESCM and CCSM3. Climate of the Past, 9(4). 1683-1696. doi:10.5194/cp-9-1683-2013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hargreaves, JC, Annan, JD, Ohgaito, R, Paul, A and Abe-Ouchi, A (2013) Skill and reliability of climate model ensembles at the Last Glacial Maximum and mid-Holocene. Climate of the Past, 9(2). 811-823. doi:10.5194/cp-9-811-2013

Haywood, AM, Hill, DJ, Dolan, AM, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Bragg, F, Chan, WL, Chandler, MA, Contoux, C, Dowsett, HJ, Jost, A, Kamae, Y, Lohmann, G, Lunt, DJ, Abe-Ouchi, A, Pickering, SJ, Ramstein, G, Rosenbloom, NA, Salzmann, U, Sohl, L, Stepanek, C, Ueda, H, Yan, Q and Zhang, Z (2013) Large-scale features of Pliocene climate: results from the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project. Climate of the Past, 9(1). 191-209. doi:10.5194/cp-9-191-2013

Kageyama, M, Merkel, U, Otto-Bliesner, B, Prange, M, Abe-Ouchi, A, Lohmann, G, Ohgaito, R, Roche, DM, Singarayer, J, Swingedouw, D and Zhang, X (2013) Climatic impacts of fresh water hosing under Last Glacial Maximum conditions: a multi-model study. Climate of the Past, 9(2). 935-953. doi:10.5194/cp-9-935-2013

Kwasniok, F and Lohmann, G (2012) A stochastic nonlinear oscillator model for glacial millennial-scale climate transitions derived from ice-core data. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 9. 595-603. doi:10.5194/npg-19-595-2012

Lindroth Dauner, AL, Mollenhauer, G, Hefter, J, Bícego, MC, de Mahiques, MM and Martins, CC (2022) Late Pleistocene to Holocene variations in marine productivity and terrestrial material delivery to the western South Atlantic. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9. doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.924556

Lohmann, G (2018) ESD Ideas: The stochastic climate model shows that underestimated Holocene trends and variability represent two sides of the same coin. Earth System Dynamics, 9(4). 1279-1281. doi:10.5194/esd-9-1279-2018

Lohmann, G, Pfeiffer, M, Laepple, T, Leduc, G and Kim, JH (2013) A model-data comparison of the Holocene global sea surface temperature evolution. Climate of the Past, 9(4). 1807-1839. doi:10.5194/cp-9-1807-2013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lohmann, G, Wackerbarth, A, Langebroek, PM, Werner, M, Fohlmeister, J, Scholz, D and Mangini, A (2013) Simulated European stalagmite record and its relation to a quasi-decadal climate mode. Climate of the Past, 9(1). 89-98. doi:10.5194/cp-9-89-2013

Lunt, DJ, Abe-Ouchi, A, Bakker, P, Berger, A, Braconnot, P, Charbit, S, Fischer, N, Herold, N, Jungclaus, JH, Khon, VC, Krebs-Kanzow, U, Langebroek, PM, Lohmann, G, Nisancioglu, KH, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Park, W, Pfeiffer, M, Phipps, SJ, Prange, M, Rachmayani, R, Renssen, H, Rosenbloom, N, Schneider, B, Stone, EJ, Takahashi, K, Wei, W, Yin, Q and Zhang, ZS (2013) A multi-model assessment of last interglacial temperatures. Climate of the Past, 9(2). 699-717. doi:10.5194/cp-9-699-2013

Mamnun, N, Völker, C, Vrekoussis, M and Nerger, L (2022) Uncertainties in ocean biogeochemical simulations: Application of ensemble data assimilation to a one-dimensional model. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9. doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.984236

McCarren, H, Thomas, E, Hasegawa, T, Röhl, U and Zachos, JC (2008) Depth Dependency of the Paleocene-Eocene carbon isotope excursion: Paired benthic and terrestrial biomarker records (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 208, Walvis Ridge). Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 9(10). Q10008. doi:10.1029/2008GC002116

Milker, Y, Rachmayani, R, Weinkauf, MFG, Prange, M, Raitzsch, M, Schulz, M and Kucera, M (2013) Global and regional sea surface temperature trends during Marine Isotope Stage 11. Climate of the Past, 9(5). 2231-2252. doi:10.5194/cp-9-2231-2013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Prange, M, Jonkers, L, Merkel, U, Schulz, M and Bakker, P (2023) A multicentennial mode of North Atlantic climate variability throughout the Last Glacial Maximum. Science Advances, 9(44). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adh1106

Raitzsch, M, Kuhnert, H, Groeneveld, J and Bickert, T (2008) Benthic foraminifer Mg/Ca anomalies in South Atlantic core top sediments and their implications for paleothermometry. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 9(5). Q05010. doi:10.1029/2007GC001788 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Riethdorf, JR, Nürnberg, D, Max, L, Tiedemann, R, Gorbarenko, SA and Malakhov, MI (2013) Millennial-scale variability of marine productivity and terrigenous matter supply in the western Bering Sea over the past 180 kyr. Climate of the Past, 9(3). 1345-1373. doi:10.5194/cp-9-1345-2013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rogozhina, I, Petrunin, AG, Vaughan, APM, Steinberger, B, Johnson, JV, Kaban, MK, Calov, R, Rickers, F, Thomas, M and Koulakov, I (2016) Melting at the base of the Greenland ice sheet explained by Iceland hotspot history. Nature Geoscience, 9(5). 366-369. doi:10.1038/ngeo2689

Sadatzki, H, Opdyke, B, Menviel, L, Leventer, A, Hope, JM, Brocks, JJ, Fallon, S, Post, AL, O’Brien, PE, Grant, K and Armand, L (2023) Early sea ice decline off East Antarctica at the last glacial–interglacial climate transition. Science Advances, 9(41). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adh9513

Schefuß, E, Eglinton, TI, Spencer-Jones, CL, Rullkötter, J, de Pol-Holz, R, Talbot, HM, Grootes, PM and Schneider, RR (2016) Hydrologic control of carbon cycling and aged carbon discharge in the Congo River basin. Nature Geoscience, 9(9). 687-690. doi:10.1038/ngeo2778 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schmidt, C, Morard, R, Romero, OE and Kucera, M (2018) Diverse internal symbiont community in the endosymbiotic foraminifera Pararotalia calcariformata: implications for symbiont shuffling under thermal stress. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02018

Sánchez Goñi, MF, Desprat, S, Daniau, AL, Bassinot, FC, Polanco-Martínez, JM, Harrison, SP, Allen, JRM, Anderson, RS, Behling, H, Bonnefille, R, Burjachs, F, Carrión, JS, Cheddadi, R, Clark, JS, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Mustaphi, CJC, Debusk, GH, Dupont, LM, Finch, JM, Fletcher, WJ, Giardini, M, González, C, Gosling, WD, Grigg, LD, Grimm, EC, Hayashi, R, Helmens, K, Heusser, LE, Hill, T, Hope, G, Huntley, B, Igarashi, Y, Irino, T, Jacobs, B, Jiménez-Moreno, G, Kawai, S, Kershaw, AP, Kumon, F, Lawson, IT, Ledru, MP, Lézine, AM, Liew, PM, Magri, D, Marchant, R, Margari, V, Mayle, FE, McKenzie, GM, Moss, P, Müller, S, Müller, UC, Naughton, F, Newnham, RM, Oba, T, Pérez-Obiol, R, Pini, R, Ravazzi, C, Roucoux, KH, Rucina, SM, Scott, L, Takahara, H, Tzedakis, PC, Urrego, DH, van Geel, B, Valencia, BG, Vandergoes, MJ, Vincens, A, Whitlock, CL, Willard, DA and Yamamoto, M (2017) The ACER pollen and charcoal database: a global resource to document vegetation and fire response to abrupt climate changes during the last glacial period. Earth System Science Data, 9(2). 679-695. doi:10.5194/essd-9-679-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Telford, RJ, Li, C and Kucera, M (2013) Mismatch between the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera and the calibration depth of SST transfer functions may bias reconstructions. Climate of the Past, 9(2). 859-870. doi:10.5194/cp-9-859-2013

Tharammal, T, Paul, A, Merkel, U and Noone, D (2013) Influence of Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions on the global water isotope distribution in an atmospheric general circulation model. Climate of the Past, 9(2). 789-809. doi:10.5194/cp-9-789-2013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Titelboim, D, Almogi-Labin, A, Herut, B, Kucera, M, Asckenazi-Polivoda, S and Abramovich, S (2019) Thermal tolerance and range expansion of invasive foraminifera under climate changes. Scientific Reports, 9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-019-40944-5

Utida, G, Cruz, FW, Etourneau, J, Bouloubassi, I, Schefuß, E, Vuille, M, Novello, VF, Prado, LF, Sifeddine, A, Klein, V, Zular, A, Viana, JC and Turcq, B (2019) Tropical South Atlantic influence on Northeastern Brazil precipitation and ITCZ displacement during the past 2300 years. Scientific Reports, 9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-018-38003-6 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Varma, V, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2016) Transient simulations of the present and the last interglacial climate using the Community Climate System Model version 3: effects of orbital acceleration. Geoscientific Model Development, 9(11). 3859-3873. doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3859-2016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wallmann, K, Riedel, M, Hong, WL, Patton, H, Hubbard, A, Pape, T, Hsu, CW, Schmidt, C, Johnson, JE, Torres, ME, Andreassen, K, Berndt, C and Bohrmann, G (2018) Gas hydrate dissociation off Svalbard induced by isostatic rebound rather than global warming. Nature Communications, 9(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-017-02550-9 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wang, W, von Dobeneck, T, Frederichs, T, Zhang, Y, Lembke-Jene, L, Tiedemann, R, Winklhofer, M and Nürnberg, D (2021) Dating North Pacific abyssal sediments by geomagnetic paleointensity: Implications of magnetization carriers, Plio-Pleistocene climate change, and benthic redox conditions. Frontiers in Earth Science, 9. doi:10.3389/feart.2021.683177

Wassenburg, JA, Dietrich, S, Fietzke, J, Fohlmeister, J, Jochum, KP, Scholz, D, Richter, DK, Sabaoui, A, Spötl, C, Lohmann, G, Andreae, MO and Immenhauser, A (2016) Reorganization of the North Atlantic Oscillation during early Holocene deglaciation. Nature Geoscience, 9(8). 602-605. doi:10.1038/NGEO2767

Weiner, AKM, Weinkauf, MFG, Kurasawa, A, Darling, KF, Kucera, M and Grimm, GW (2014) Phylogeography of the tropical planktonic foraminifera lineage Globigerinella reveals isolation inconsistent with passive dispersal by ocean currents. PLoS ONE, 9(3). e92148. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092148

Weldeab, S, Stuut, JB, Schneider, RR and Siebel, W (2013) Holocene climate variability in the winter rainfall zone of South Africa. Climate of the Past, 9(5). 2347-2364. doi:10.5194/cp-9-2347-2013

Werner, M, Haese, B, Xu, X, Zhang, X, Butzin, M and Lohmann, G (2016) Glacial–interglacial changes in H218O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model. Geoscientific Model Development, 9(2). 647-670. doi:10.5194/gmd-9-647-2016

Werner, M, Jouzel, J, Masson-Delmotte, V and Lohmann, G (2018) Reconciling glacial Antarctic water stable isotopes with ice sheet topography and the isotopic paleothermometer. Nature Communications, 9(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05430-y PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wienberg, C (2019) A deglacial cold-water coral boom in the Alborán Sea: from coral mounds and species dominance. In: Orejas, C and Jiménez, C (eds.) Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals: Past, Present and Future (Understanding the Deep-Sea Realms of Coral). Coral Reefs of the World, 9. Springer International Publishing, 57-60. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91608-8_7

Winterfeld, M, Mollenhauer, G, Dummann, W, Köhler, P, Lembke-Jene, L, Meyer, VD, Hefter, J, McIntyre, C, Wacker, L, Kokfelt, U and Tiedemann, R (2018) Deglacial mobilization of pre-aged terrestrial carbon from degrading permafrost. Nature Communications, 9(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06080-w PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zhang, R, Yan, Q, Zhang, ZS, Jiang, D, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Haywood, AM, Hill, DJ, Dolan, AM, Stepanek, C, Lohmann, G, Contoux, C, Bragg, F, Chan, WL, Chandler, MA, Jost, A, Kamae, Y, Abe-Ouchi, A, Ramstein, G, Rosenbloom, NA, Sohl, L and Ueda, H (2013) Mid-Pliocene East Asian monsoon climate simulated in the PlioMIP. Climate of the Past, 9(5). 2085-2099. doi:10.5194/cp-9-2085-2013

Zhang, X, Lohmann, G, Knorr, G and Xu, X (2013) Different ocean states and transient characteristics in Last Glacial Maximum simulations and implications for deglaciation. Climate of the Past, 9(5). 2319-2333. doi:10.5194/cp-9-2319-2013

Zhang, ZS, Nisancioglu, KH, Chandler, MA, Haywood, AM, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Ramstein, G, Stepanek, C, Abe-Ouchi, A, Chan, WL, Bragg, FJ, Contoux, C, Dolan, AM, Hill, DJ, Jost, A, Kamae, Y, Lohmann, G, Lunt, DJ, Rosenbloom, NA, Sohl, LE and Ueda, H (2013) Mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation not unlike modern? Climate of the Past, 9(4). 1495-1504. doi:10.5194/cp-9-1495-2013

Zhuravleva, A, Bauch, HA, Mohtadi, M, Fahl, K and Kienast, M (2023) Caribbean salinity anomalies contributed to variable North Atlantic circulation and climate during the Common Era. Science Advances, 9(44). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adg2639

de Boer, B, Dolan, AM, Bernales, J, Gasson, E, Goelzer, H, Golledge, NR, Sutter, J, Huybrechts, P, Lohmann, G, Rogozhina, I, Abe-Ouchi, A, Saito, F and van de Wal, RSW (2015) Simulating the Antarctic ice sheet in the late-Pliocene warm period: PLISMIP-ANT, an ice-sheet model intercomparison project. The Cryosphere, 9(3). 881-903. doi:10.5194/tc-9-881-2015

89-90

Lü, X, Liu, XL, Elling, FJ, Yang, H, Xie, S, Song, J, Li, X, Yuan, H, Li, N and Hinrichs, KU (2015) Hydroxylated isoprenoid GDGTs in Chinese coastal seas and their potential as a paleotemperature proxy for mid-to-low latitude marginal seas. Organic Geochemistry, 89-90. 31-43. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.10.004

Spencer-Jones, CL, Wagner, T, Dinga, BJ, Schefuß, E, Mann, PJ, Poulsen, JR, Spencer, RGM, Wabakanghanzi, JN and Talbot, HM (2015) Bacteriohopanepolyols in tropical soils and sediments from the Congo River catchment area. Organic Geochemistry, 89-90. 1-13. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.09.003

89

Kaiser, J, Ruggieri, N, Hefter, J, Siegel, H, Mollenhauer, G, Arz, HW and Lamy, F (2014) Lipid biomarkers in surface sediments from the Gulf of Genoa, Ligurian sea (NW Mediterranean sea) and their potential for the reconstruction of palaeo-environments. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 89. 68-83. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2014.04.009 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

88

Chen, W, Mohtadi, M, Schefuß, E and Mollenhauer, G (2014) Organic-geochemical proxies of sea surface temperature in surface sediments of the tropical eastern Indian Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 88. 17-29. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2014.03.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Faust, JC, Knies, J, Slagstad, T, Vogt, C, Milzer, G and Giraudeau, J (2014) Geochemical composition of Trondheimsfjord surface sediments: Sources and spatial variability of marine and terrigenous components. Continental Shelf Research, 88. 61-71. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2014.07.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

87

Liu, X, Rendle-Bühring, R and Henrich, R (2017) Geochemical composition of Tanzanian shelf sediments indicates Holocene climatic and sea-level changes. Quaternary Research, 87(03). 442-454. doi:10.1017/qua.2017.12 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

864

Pollmann, F, Nycander, J, Eden, C and Olbers, D (2019) Resolving the horizontal direction of internal tide generation. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 864. 381-407. doi:10.1017/jfm.2019.9

86-87

Verleye, T, Mertens, KN, Young, MD, Dale, B, McMinn, A, Scott, L, Zonneveld, KAF and Louwye, S (2012) Average process lenght variation of the marine dinoflagellate cyst Operculodinium centrocarpum in the tropical and Southern Hemisphere Oceans: Assessing its potential as a palaeosalinity proxy. Marine Micropaleontology, 86-87. 45-58. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.02.001

85

Becker, KW, Lipp, JS, Versteegh, GJM, Wörmer, L and Hinrichs, KU (2015) Rapid and simultaneous analysis of three molecular sea surface temperature proxies and application to sediments from the Sea of Marmara. Organic Geochemistry, 85. 42-53. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.04.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Collins, JA, Carr, AS, Schefuß, E, Boom, A and Sealy, J (2017) Investigation of organic matter and biomarkers from Diepkloof Rock Shelter, South Africa: Insights into Middle Stone Age site usage and palaeoclimate. Journal of Archaeological Science, 85. 51-65. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2017.06.011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Harper, BB, Puga-Bernabéu, Á, Droxler, AW, Webster, JM, Gischler, E, Tiwari, M, Lado-Insua, T, Thomas, AL, Morgan, S, Jovane, L and Röhl, U (2015) Mixed carbonate–siliciclastic sedimentation along the Great Barrier Reef upper slope: a challenge to the reciprocal sedimentation model. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 85(9). 1019-1036. doi:10.2110/jsr.2015.58.1

845

Vrekoussis, M, Pikridas, M, Rousogenous, C, Christodoulou, A, Desservettaz, M, Sciare, J, Richter, A, Bougoudis, I, Savvides, C and Papadopoulos, C (2022) Local and regional air pollution characteristics in Cyprus: a long-term trace gases observations analysis. Science of The Total Environment, 845. 157315. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157315

84-85

Bonnet, S, de Vernal, A, Gersonde, R and Lembke-Jene, L (2012) Modern distribution of dinocysts from the North Pacific Ocean (37-64°N, 144°E-148°W) in relation to hydrographic conditions, sea-ice and productivity. Marine Micropaleontology, 84-85. 87-113. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2011.11.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

83

Franklin, D, Poulton, AJ, Steinke, M, Young, J, Peeken, I and Malin, G (2009) Dimethylsulphide, DMSP-lyase activity and microplankton community structure inside and outside of the Mauritanian upwelling. Progress in Oceanography, 83. 134-142. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2009.07.011

Kuhlmann, J, Rogozhina, I, Dill, R, Bergmann-Wolf, I and Thomas, M (2015) A method for reconstructing global ocean-induced surface displacements from land-based in-situ stations. Journal of Geodynamics, 83. 18-27. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2014.10.003

82

Caniupán, M, Lamy, F, Lange, CB, Kaiser, J, Kilian, R, Arz, HW, León, T, Mollenhauer, G, Sandoval, S, de Pol-Holz, R, Pantoja, S, Wellner, J and Tiedemann, R (2014) Holocene sea-surface temperature variability in the Chilean fjord region. Quaternary Research, 82(2). 342-353. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.009

Kuechler, RR, Schefuß, E, Beckmann, B, Dupont, LM and Wefer, G (2013) NW African hydrology and vegetation during the Last Glacial cycle reflected in plant-wax-specific hydrogen and carbon isotopes. Quaternary Science Reviews, 82. 56-67. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.10.013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

81

Gallego-Torres, D, Romero, OE, Martínez-Ruiz, F, Kim, JH, Donner, B and Ortega-Huertas, M (2014) Rapid bottom-water circulation changes during the last glacial cycle in the coastal low-latitude NE Atlantic. Quaternary Research, 81(2). 330-338. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2013.11.004

806

Kenigsberg, C, Titelboim, D, Ashckenazi-Polivoda, S, Herut, B, Kucera, M, Zukerman, Y, Hyams-Kaphzan, O, Almogi-Labin, A and Abramovich, S (2022) The combined effects of rising temperature and salinity may halt the future proliferation of symbiont-bearing foraminifera as ecosystem engineers. Science of The Total Environment, 806. 150581. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150581

80-81

Krüger, S, Leuschner, DC, Ehrmann, WU, Schmiedl, G and Mackensen, A (2012) North Atlantic Deep Water and Antarctic Bottom Water variability during the last 200 ka recorded in an abyssal sediment core off South Africa. Global and Planetary Change, 80-81. 180-189. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.10.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

80

Kwasniok, F and Lohmann, G (2009) Deriving dynamical models from paleoclimatic records: Application to glacial millennial-scale climate variability. Physical Review E, 80(6). 066104. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.80.066104

8

Bowen, GJ, Maibauer, BJ, Kraus, MJ, Röhl, U, Westerhold, T, Steimke, A, Gingerich, PD, Wing, SL and Clyde, WC (2014) Two massive, rapid releases of carbon during the onset of the Palaeocene–Eocene thermal maximum. Nature Geoscience, 8(1). 44-47. doi:10.1038/ngeo2316 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Brachert, TC, Felis, T, Gagnaison, C, Hoehle, M, Reuter, M and Spreter, PM (2022) Slow-growing reef corals as climate archives: A case study of the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum 40 Ma ago. Science Advances, 8(20). eabm3875. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abm3875

Collins, JA, Prange, M, Caley, T, Gimeno, L, Beckmann, B, Mulitza, S, Skonieczny, C, Roche, D and Schefuß, E (2017) Rapid termination of the African Humid Period triggered by northern high-latitude cooling. Nature Communications, 8(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01454-y PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Durand, G, van den Broeke, MR, Le Cozannet, G, Edwards, TL, Holland, PR, Jourdain, NC, Marzeion, B, Mottram, R, Nicholls, RJ, Pattyn, F, Paul, F, Slangen, ABA, Winkelmann, R, Burgard, C, van Calcar, CJ, Barré, JB, Bataille, A and Chapuis, A (2022) Sea-level rise: from global perspectives to local services. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8. doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.709595

Feulner, G, Hallmann, C and Kienert, H (2015) Snowball cooling after algal rise. Nature Geoscience, 8(9). 659-662. doi:10.1038/ngeo2523

Govin, A, Braconnot, P, Capron, E, Cortijo, E, Duplessy, JC, Jansen, E, Labeyrie, LD, Landais, A, Marti, O, Michel, E, Mosquet, E, Risebrobakken, B, Swingedouw, D and Waelbroeck, C (2012) Persistent influence of ice sheet melting on high northern latitude climate during the early Last Interglacial. Climate of the Past, 8. 483-507. doi:10.5194/cp-8-483-2012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Graham, AGC, Kuhn, G, Meisel, O, Hillenbrand, CD, Hodgson, DA, Ehrmann, W, Wacker, L, Wintersteller, P, dos Santos Ferreira, C, Römer, M, White, D and Bohrmann, G (2017) Major advance of South Georgia glaciers during the Antarctic Cold Reversal following extensive sub-Antarctic glaciation. Nature Communications, 8. 14798. doi:10.1038/ncomms14798 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Handiani, DN, Paul, A and Dupont, LM (2012) Tropical climate and vegetation changes during Heinrich Event 1: a model-data comparison. Climate of the Past, 8(1). 37-57. doi:10.5194/cp-8-37-2012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hasenclever, J, Knorr, G, Rüpke, LH, Köhler, P, Morgan, J, Garofalo, K, Barker, S, Lohmann, G and Hall, IR (2017) Sea level fall during glaciation stabilized atmospheric CO2 by enhanced volcanic degassing. Nature Communications, 8. 15867. doi:10.1038/ncomms15867 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hessler, I, Dupont, LM, Handiani, DN, Paul, A, Merkel, U and Wefer, G (2012) Masked millennial-scale climate variations in South West Africa during the last glaciation. Climate of the Past, 8(2). 841-853. doi:10.5194/cp-8-841-2012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hodell, DA, Kamenov, GD, Hathorne, EC, Zachos, JC, Röhl, U and Westerhold, T (2007) Variations in the Strontium Isotope Composition of Seawater during the Paleocene and Early Eocene from ODP Leg 208 (Walvis Ridge). Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 8. Q09001. doi:10.1029/2007GC001607 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Jaeschke, A, Thienemann, M, Schefuß, E, Urban, J, Schäbitz, F, Wagner, B and Rethemeyer, J (2020) Holocene hydroclimate variability and vegetation response in the Ethiopian highlands (Lake Dendi). Frontiers in Earth Science, 8. doi:10.3389/feart.2020.585770

Knorr, G and Lohmann, G (2007) Rapid transitions in the Atlantic thermohaline circulation triggered by global warming and meltwater during the last deglaciation. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 8. Q12006. doi:10.1029/2007GC001604

Marzeion, B, Hock, R, Anderson, B, Bliss, A, Champollion, N, Fujita, K, Huss, M, Immerzeel, WW, Kraaijenbrink, P, Malles, JH, Maussion, F, Radić, V, Rounce, DR, Sakai, A, Shannon, S, Wal, R and Zekollari, H (2020) Partitioning the uncertainty of ensemble projections of global glacier mass change. Earth's Future, 8(7). doi:10.1029/2019EF001470

Mohtadi, M, Prange, M, Schefuß, E and Jennerjahn, TC (2017) Late Holocene slowdown of the Indian Ocean Walker circulation. Nature Communications, 8(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00855-3

Morard, R, Garet-Delmas, MJ, Mahé, F, Romac, S, Poulain, J, Kucera, M and de Vargas, C (2018) Surface ocean metabarcoding confirms limited diversity in planktonic foraminifera but reveals unknown hyper-abundant lineages. Scientific Reports, 8(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20833-z

Oksman, M, Weckström, K, Miettinen, A, Juggins, S, Divine, DV, Jackson, R, Telford, R, Korsgaard, NJ and Kucera, M (2017) Younger Dryas ice margin retreat triggered by ocean surface warming in central-eastern Baffin Bay. Nature Communications, 8(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01155-6 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Portilho-Ramos, RC, Cruz, APS, Barbosa, CF, Rathburn, AE, Mulitza, S, Venancio, IM, Schwenk, T, Rühlemann, C, Vidal, L, Chiessi, CM and Silveira, CS (2018) Methane release from the southern Brazilian margin during the last glacial. Scientific Reports, 8(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24420-0 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Röhl, U, Westerhold, T, Bralower, TJ and Zachos, JC (2007) On the duration of the Paleocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 8(12). Q12002. doi:10.1029/2007GC001784 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sadeghi, A, Dinter, T, Vountas, M, Taylor, BB, Altenburg-Soppa, M, Peeken, I and Bracher, A (2012) Improvement to the PhytoDOAS method for identification of coccolithophores using hyper-spectral satellite data. Ocean Science, 8. 1055-1070. doi:10.5194/os-8-1055-2012

Scheepmaker, RA, Frankenberg, C, Deutscher, NM, Schneider, M, Barthlott, S, Blumenstock, T, García, OE, Hase, F, Jones, N, Mahieu, E, Notholt, J, Velazco, VA, Landgraf, J and Aben, I (2015) Validation of SCIAMACHY HDO/H2O measurements using the TCCON and NDACC-MUSICA networks. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8(4). 1799-1818. doi:10.5194/amt-8-1799-2015

Stein, R, Fahl, K, Gierz, P, Niessen, F and Lohmann, G (2017) Arctic Ocean sea ice cover during the penultimate glacial and the last interglacial. Nature Communications, 8(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00552-1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stärz, M, Jokat, W, Knorr, G and Lohmann, G (2017) Threshold in North Atlantic-Arctic Ocean circulation controlled by the subsidence of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge. Nature Communications, 8. 15681. doi:10.1038/ncomms15681 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tjallingii, R, Röhl, U, Kölling, M and Bickert, T (2007) Influence of the water content on X-ray fluorescence core- scanning measurements in soft marine sediments. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 8(2). Q02004. doi:10.1029/2006GC001393 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Varma, V, Prange, M, Merkel, U, Kleinen, T, Lohmann, G, Pfeiffer, M, Renssen, H, Wagner, A, Wagner, S and Schulz, M (2012) Holocene evolution of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds in transient simulations with global climate models. Climate of the Past, 8(2). 391-402. doi:10.5194/cp-8-391-2012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

von Savigny, C, Ernst, F, Rozanov, A, Hommel, R, Eichmann, KU, Rozanov, V, Burrows, JP and Thomason, LW (2015) Improved stratospheric aerosol extinction profiles from SCIAMACHY: validation and sample results. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8(12). 5223-5235. doi:10.5194/amt-8-5223-2015

79

Rincón-Martínez, D, Steph, S, Lamy, F, Mix, AC and Tiedemann, R (2011) Tracking the equatorial front in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean by the isotopic and faunal composition of planktonic foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology, 79(1-2). 24-40. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2011.01.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wagner, A, Lohmann, G and Prange, M (2011) Arctic river discharge trends since 7 ka BP. Global and Planetary Change, 79(1-2). 48-60. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.07.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

78

Steinke, S, Glatz, C, Mohtadi, M, Groeneveld, J, Li, Q and Jian, Z (2011) Past dynamics of the East Asian monsoon: No inverse behaviour between the summer and winter monsoon during the Holocene. Global and Planetary Change, 78(3-4). 170-177. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.06.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

van Raden, UJ, Groeneveld, J, Raitzsch, M and Kucera, M (2011) Mg/Ca in the planktonic foraminifera Globorotalia inflata and Globigerinoides bulloides from Western Mediterranean plankton tow and core top samples. Marine Micropaleontology, 78(3-4). 101-112. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2010.11.002

77

Gajardo, N, Marchant, M and Hebbeln, D (2013) Temporal variaton of coastal upwelling off Central Chile (36°S; 74°W), using stable oxygen isotopes of planktic foraminifera during the 2006 El Niño event. Gayana, 77(1). 10-20. doi:10.4067/S0717-65382013000100002

Johnstone, HJH, Schulz, M, Barker, S and Elderfield, H (2010) Inside story: An X-ray computed tomography method for assessing dissolution in the tests of planktonic foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology, 77(1-2). 58-70. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2010.07.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schneider Mor, A, Yam, R, Bianchi, C, Kunz-Pirrung, M, Gersonde, R and Shemesh, A (2012) Variable sequence of events during the past seven terminations in two deep-sea cores from the Southern Ocean. Quaternary Research, 77(2). 317-325. doi:1016/j.yqres.2011.11.006

76

Flores, JA, Colmenero-Hidalgo, E, Mejía Molina, AE, Baumann, KH, Henderiks, J, Larsson, K, Prabhu, CN, Sierro, FJ and Rodrigues, T (2010) Distribution of large Emiliania huxleyi in the Central and Northeast Atlantic as a tracer of surface ocean dynamics during the last 25,000 years. Marine Micropaleontology, 76(3-4). 53-66. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2010.05.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Huhn, O, Rhein, M, Hoppema, M and van Heuven, S (2013) Decline of deep and bottom water ventilation and slowing down of anthropogenic carbon storage in the Weddell Sea, 1984–2011. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 76. 66-84. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2013.01.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rampen, SW, Willmott, V, Kim, JH, Rodrigo-Gámiz, M, Uliana, E, Mollenhauer, G, Schefuß, E, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Schouten, S (2014) Evaluation of long chain 1,14-alkyl diols in marine sediments as indicators for upwelling and temperature. Organic Geochemistry, 76. 39-47. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.07.012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schumacher, S, Jorissen, FJ, Mackensen, A, Gooday, AJ and Pays, O (2010) Ontogenetic effects on stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in tests of live (Rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera from the Pakistan continental margin. Marine Micropaleontology, 76(3-4). 92-103. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2010.06.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

75

Frenz, M, Baumann, KH, Boeckel, B, Höppner, R and Henrich, R (2005) Quantification of foraminifer and coccolith carbonate in South Atlantic surface sediments by means of carbonate grain-size distributions. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 75(3). 446-475. doi:10.2110/jsr.2005.036 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hathorne, EC, Felis, T, James, RH and Thomas, AL (2011) Laser ablation ICP-MS screening of corals for diagenetically affected areas applied to Tahiti corals from the last deglaciation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75. 1490-1506. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.12.011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Huang, E, Tian, J and Steinke, S (2011) Millennial-scale dynamics of the winter cold tongue in the southern South China Sea over the past 26 ka and the East Asian winter monsoon. Quaternary Research, 75(1). 196-204. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2010.08.014

74

Kusch, S, Rethemeyer, J, Schefuß, E and Mollenhauer, G (2010) Controls on the age of vascular plant biomarkers in Black Sea sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(24). 7031-7047. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.09.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

73

Grauel, AL, Leider, A, Goudeau, MLS, Müller, IA, Bernasconi, SM, Hinrichs, KU, de Lange, GJ, Zonneveld, KAF and Versteegh, GJM (2013) What do SST proxies really tell us? A high-resolution multiproxy (UK′37, TEXH86 and foraminifera δ18O) study in the Gulf of Taranto, central Mediterranean Sea. Quaternary Science Reviews, 73. 115-131. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.05.007

Gussone, N, Hönisch, B, Heuser, A, Hemleben, C, Spindler, M and Eisenhauer, A (2009) A critical evaluation of calcium isotope ratios in tests of planktonic foraminifers. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 73. 7241-7255. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.08.035

Kim, JH, Huguet, C, Zonneveld, KAF, Versteegh, GJM, Roeder, W, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Schouten, S (2009) An experimental field study to test the stability of lipids used for the TEX86 and UK'37 palaeothermometers. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 73(10). 2888-2898. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.02.030

Numberger, L, Hemleben, C, Hoffmann, R, Mackensen, A, Schulz, H, Wunderlich, JM and Kucera, M (2009) Habitats, abundance patterns and isotopic signals of morphotypes of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (d'Orbigny) in the eastern Mediterranean Sea since the Marine Isotopic Stage 12. Marine Micropaleontology, 73(1-2). 90-104. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2009.07.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Thierens, M, Browning, E, Pirlet, H, Loutre, MF, Dorschel, B, Huvenne, VAI, Titschack, J, Colin, C, Foubert, A and Wheeler, AJ (2013) Cold-water coral carbonate mounds as unique palaeo-archives: the Plio-Pleistocene Challenger Mound record (NE Atlantic). Quaternary Science Reviews, 73. 14-30. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.05.006

Weijers, JWH, Schouten, S, Schefuß, E, Schneider, RR and Sinninghe Damsté, JS (2009) Disentangling marine, soil and plant organic carbon contributions to continental margin sediments: A multi-proxy approach in a 20,000 year sediment record from the Congo deep-sea fan. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 73(1). 119-132. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2008.10.016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

72

Bouimetarhan, I, Dupont, LM, Schefuß, E, Mollenhauer, G, Mulitza, S and Zonneveld, KAF (2009) Palynological evidence for climatic and oceanic variability off NW Africa during the late Holocene. Quaternary Research, 72(2). 188-197. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2009.05.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Elbrächter, M, Gottschling, M, Hoppenrath, M, Keupp, H, Kusber, WH, Streng, M, Tillmann, U, Versteegh, GJM and Zonneveld, KAF (2023) (258–260) Proposals to eliminate contradiction between Articles 11.7 and 11.8 and to equate non‐fossil with fossil names of dinophytes for purposes of priority. TAXON, 72(3). 684-686. doi:10.1002/tax.12947

Fraile, I, Mulitza, S and Schulz, M (2009) Modeling planktonic foraminiferal seasonality: Implications for sea-surface temperature reconstructions. Marine Micropaleontology, 72(1-2). 1-9. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2009.01.003

Kim, JH, Schouten, S, Hopmans, EC, Donner, B and Damste, JSS (2008) Global sediment core-top calibration of the TEX86 paleothermometer in the ocean. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 72(4). 1154-1173. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2007.12.010

Neuer, S, Cianca, A, Helmke, P, Freudenthal, T, Davenport, R, Meggers, H, Knoll, M, Santana-Casiano, JM, Gonzalez Davila, M, Rueda, MJ and Llinás, O (2007) Biogeochemistry and hydrography in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic gyre. Results from the European time-series station ESTOC. Progress in Oceanography, 72. 1-29. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2006.08.001

Weijers, JWH, Schefuß, E, Kim, JH, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Schouten, S (2014) Constraints on the sources of branched tetraether membrane lipids in distal marine sediments. Organic Geochemistry, 72. 14-22. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.04.011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

71

Bouimetarhan, I, Marret, F, Dupont, LM and Zonneveld, KAF (2009) Dinoflagellate cyst distribution in marine surface sediments off West Africa (6-17°N) in relation to sea-surface conditions, freshwater input and seasonal coastal upwelling. Marine Micropaleontology, 71(3-4). 113-130. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2009.02.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Felis, T and Rimbu, N (2010) Mediterranean climate variability documented in oxygen isotope records from northern Red Sea corals - A review. Global and Planetary Change, 71(3-4). 232-241. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2009.10.006

Kwiecien, O, Arz, HW, Lamy, F, Plessen, B, Bahr, A and Haug, GH (2009) North Atlantic control on precipitation pattern in the eastern Mediterranean/Black Sea region during the last glacial. Quaternary Research, 71(3). 375-384. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2008.12.004

Li, J, Zhang, M, Tang, G, Wu, F, Alvarado, LMA, Vrekoussis, M, Richter, A and Burrows, JP (2018) Investigating missing sources of glyoxal over China using a regional air quality model (RAMS-CMAQ). Journal of Environmental Sciences, 71. 108-118. doi:10.1016/j.jes.2018.04.021

Steph, S, Regenberg, M, Tiedemann, R, Mulitza, S and Nürnberg, D (2009) Stable isotopes of planktonic foraminifera from tropical Atlantic/Caribbean core-tops: Implications for reconstructing upper ocean stratification. Marine Micropaleontology, 71(1-2). 1-19. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2008.12.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

70

Aguirre-Urreta, B, Martinez, M, Schmitz, M, Lescano, M, Omarini, J, Tunik, M, Kuhnert, H, Concheyro, A, Rawson, PF, Ramos, VA, Reboulet, S, Noclin, N, Frederichs, T, Nickl, AL and Pälike, H (2019) Interhemispheric radio-astrochronological calibration of the time scales from the Andean and the Tethyan areas in the Valanginian–Hauterivian (Early Cretaceous). Gondwana Research, 70. 104-132. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2019.01.006

Ge, H, Zhang, CL, Li, J, Versteegh, GJM, Hu, B, Zhao, J and Dong, L (2014) Tetraether lipids from the southern Yellow Sea of China: Implications for the variability of East Asia Winter Monsoon in the Holocene. Organic Geochemistry, 70. 10-19. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.02.011

Iwasaki, S, Takahashi, K, Ogawa, Y, Uehara, S and Vogt, C (2014) Alkaline leaching characteristics of biogenic opal in Eocene sediments from the central Arctic Ocean: a case study in the ACEX cores. Journal of Oceanography, 70(3). 241-249. doi:10.1007/s10872-014-0227-7

Lüer, V, Cortese, G, Neil, HL, Hollis, C and Willems, H (2009) Radiolarian-based sea surface temperatures and paleoceanographic changes during the Late Pleistocene-Holocene in the subantarctic southwest Pacific. Marine Micropaleontology, 70(3-4). 151-165. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2008.12.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mertens, KN, Ribeiro, S, Bouimetarhan, I, Caner, H, Combourieu Nebout, N, Dale, B, de Vernal, A, Ellegaard, M, Filipova, M, Godhe, A, Goubert, E, Grøsfjeld, K, Holzwarth, U, Kotthoff, U, Leroy, SAG, Londeix, L, Marret, F, Matsuoka, K, Mudie, PJ, Naudts, L, Peña-Manjarrez, JL, Persson, A, Popescu, SM, Pospelova, V, Sangiorgi, F, van der Meer, TJ, Vink, A, Zonneveld, KAF, Vercauteren, D, Vlassenbroeck, J and Louwye, S (2009) Process length variation in cysts of a dinoflagellate, Lingulodinium machaerophorum, in surface sediments: Investigating its potential as salinity proxy. Marine Micropalaeontology, 70(1-2). 54-69. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2008.10.004

Olbers, D, Jurgenowski, P and Eden, C (2020) A wind-driven model of the ocean surface layer with wave radiation physics. Ocean Dynamics, 70(8). 1067-1088. doi:10.1007/s10236-020-01376-2

7

Arnold, SR, Spracklen, DV, Gebhardt, S, Custer, T, Williams, J, Peeken, I and Alvain, S (2010) Relationships between atmospheric organic compounds and air-mass exposure to marine biology. Environmental Chemistry, 7. 232-241. doi:10.1071/EN09144

Barbi, D, Lohmann, G, Grosfeld, K and Thoma, M (2014) Ice sheet dynamics within an earth system model: downscaling, coupling and first results. Geoscientific Model Development, 7(5). 2003-2013. doi:10.5194/gmd-7-2003-2014

Ceccopieri, M, Carreira, RS, Wagener, ALR, Hefter, J and Mollenhauer, G (2019) Branched GDGTs as proxies in surface sediments from the south-eastern Brazilian continental margin. Frontiers in Earth Science, 7. doi:10.3389/feart.2019.00291

Clarkson, MO, Wood, RA, Poulton, SW, Richoz, S, Newton, RJ, Kasemann, SA, Bowyer, F and Krystyn, L (2016) Dynamic anoxic ferruginous conditions during the end-Permian mass extinction and recovery. Nature Communications, 7. 12236. doi:10.1038/ncomms12236

Conte, MH, Sicre, MA, Rühlemann, C, Weber, JC, Schulte, S, Schulz-Bull, D and Blanz, T (2006) Global temperature calibration of the alkenone unsaturation index (UK'37) in surface waters and comparison with surface sediments. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7. Q02005. doi:10.1029/2005GC001054

Dubois, N, Oppo, DW, Galy, VV, Mohtadi, M, van der Kaars, S, Tierney, JE, Rosenthal, Y, Eglinton, TI, Lückge, A and Linsley, BK (2014) Indonesian vegetation response to changes in rainfall seasonality over the past 25,000 years. Nature Geoscience, 7(7). 513-517. doi:10.1038/NGEO2182

Dupont, LM (2006) Late Pliocene vegetation and climate in Namibia (southern Africa) derived from palynology of ODP Site 1082. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7(1). Q05007. doi:10.1029/2005GC001208 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dupont, LM, Behling, H and Kim, JH (2011) Corrigendum to "Thirty thousand years of vegetation development and climate change in Angola (Ocean Drilling Program Site 1078)" published in Clim. Past, 4, 107-124, 2008. Climate of the Past, 7. 115. doi:10.5194/cp-7-115-2011

Dupont, LM, Caley, T, Kim, JH, Castañeda, IS, Malaizé, B and Giraudeau, J (2011) Glacial-interglacial vegetation dynamics in South Eastern Africa coupled to sea surface temperature variations in the Western Indian Ocean. Climate of the Past, 7(4). 1209-1224. doi:10.5194/cp-7-1209-2011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Galli, A, Guerlet, S, Butz, A, Aben, I, Suto, H, Kuze, A, Deutscher, NM, Notholt, J, Wunch, D, Wennberg, PO, Griffith, DWT, Hasekamp, O and Landgraf, J (2014) The impact of spectral resolution on satellite retrieval accuracy of CO2 and CH4. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 7(4). 1105-1119. doi:10.5194/amt-7-1105-2014

Goelles, T, Grosfeld, K and Lohmann, G (2014) Semi-Lagrangian transport of oxygen isotopes in polythermal ice sheets: implementation and first results. Geoscientific Model Development, 7(4). 1395-1408. doi:10.5194/gmd-7-1395-2014

Hargreaves, JC, Paul, A, Ohgaito, R, Abe-Ouchi, A and Annan, JD (2011) Are paleoclimate model ensembles consistent with the MARGO data synthesis? Climate of the Past, 7. 917-933. doi:10.5194/cp-7-917-2011

Heslop, D and Paul, A (2011) Can oceanic paleothermometers reconstruct the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation? Climate of the Past, 7. 151-159. doi:10.5194/cp-7-151-2011

Howe, JNW, Piotrowski, AM, Noble, TL, Mulitza, S, Chiessi, CM and Bayon, G (2016) North Atlantic Deep Water Production during the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature Communications, 7. 11765. doi:10.1038/ncomms11765 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Höpker, SN, Wu, HC, Müller, P, Barusseau, JP, Vernet, R, Lucassen, F, Kasemann, SA and Westphal, H (2019) Pronounced northwest African monsoon discharge during the mid- to late Holocene. Frontiers in Earth Science, 7. doi:10.3389/feart.2019.00314

Jung, G, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2014) Uplift of Africa as a potential cause for Neogene intensification of the Benguela upwelling system. Nature Geoscience, 7(10). 741-747. doi:10.1038/NGEO2249 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Karas, C, Nürnberg, D, Bahr, A, Groeneveld, J, Herrle, JO, Tiedemann, R and deMenocal, PB (2017) Pliocene oceanic seaways and global climate. Scientific Reports, 7. 39842. doi:10.1038/srep39842

Knorr, G and Lohmann, G (2014) Climate warming during Antarctic ice sheet expansion at the Middle Miocene transition. Nature Geoscience, 7(5). 376-381. doi:10.1038/NGEO2119 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Krieger, M, Lohmann, G and Laepple, T (2011) Seasonal climate impacts on the grape harvest date in Burgundy (France). Climate of the Past, 7(2). 425-435. doi:10.5194/cp-7-425-2011

Kurahashi-Nakamura, T, Losch, M and Paul, A (2014) Can sparse proxy data constrain the strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation? Geoscientific Model Development, 7(1). 419-432. doi:10.5194/gmd-7-419-2014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lohmann, G and Lorenz, SJ (2007) Orbital forcing on atmospheric dynamics during the last interglacial and glacial inception. In: Sirocko, F, Claussen, M, Litt, T and Sanchez-Goñi, MF (eds.) The climate of past interglacials. Developments in Quaternary Science, 7. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 527-546. doi:10.1016/S1571-0866(07)80060-1

Lorscheid, T, Felis, T, Stocchi, P, Obert, JC, Scholz, D and Rovere, A (2017) Tides in the Last Interglacial: insights from notch geometry and palaeo tidal models in Bonaire, Netherland Antilles. Scientific Reports, 7(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16285-6 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lynch-Stieglitz, J, Schmidt, MW, Gene Henry, L, Curry, WB, Skinner, LC, Mulitza, S, Zhang, R and Chang, P (2014) Muted change in Atlantic overturning circulation over some glacial-aged Heinrich events. Nature Geoscience, 7(2). 144-150. doi:10.1038/NGEO2045

Mei, LL, Xue, Y, Kokhanovsky, AA, von Hoyningen-Huene, W, de Leeuw, G and Burrows, JP (2014) Retrieval of aerosol optical depth over land surfaces from AVHRR data. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 7(8). 2411-2420. doi:10.5194/amt-7-2411-2014

Nürnberg, D and Groeneveld, J (2006) Pleistocene variability of the Subtropical Convergene at East Tasman Plateau: Evidence from planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca (ODP Site 1172A). Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7(4). Q04P11. doi:10.1029/2005GC000984

Patterson, MO, McKay, R, Naish, T, Escutia, C, Jimenez-Espejo, FJ, Raymo, ME, Meyers, SR, Tauxe, L, Brinkhuis, H, Klaus, A, Fehr, A, Bendle, JAP, Bijl, PK, Bohaty, SM, Carr, SA, Dunbar, RB, Flores, JA, Gonzàlez, JJ, Hayden, TG, Iwai, M, Katsuki, K, Kong, GS, Nakai, M, Olney, MP, Passchier, S, Pekar, SF, Pross, J, Riesselman, CR, Röhl, U, Sakai, T, Shrivastava, PK, Stickley, CE, Sugasaki, S, Tuo, S, van de Flierdt, T, Welsh, K, Williams, T and Yamane, M (2014) Orbital forcing of the East Antarctic ice sheet during the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene. Nature Geoscience, 7(11). 841-847. doi:10.1038/ngeo2273 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Pittauer, D, Tims, SG, Froehlich, MB, Fifield, LK, Wallner, A, McNeil, SD and Fischer, HW (2017) Continuous transport of Pacific-derived anthropogenic radionuclides towards the Indian Ocean. Scientific Reports, 7. 44679. doi:10.1038/srep44679 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Portilho-Ramos, RC, Chiessi, CM, Zhang, Y, Mulitza, S, Kucera, M, Siccha, M, Prange, M and Paul, A (2017) Coupling of equatorial Atlantic surface stratification to glacial shifts in the tropical rainbelt. Scientific Reports, 7(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01629-z PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Raitzsch, M, Dueñas-Bohórquez, A, Reichart, GJ, de Nooijer, LJ and Bickert, T (2010) Incorporation of Mg and Sr in calcite of cultured benthic foraminifera: impact of calcium concentration and associated saturation state. Biogeosciences, 7(3). 869-881. doi:10.5194/bg-7-869-2010 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Regenberg, M, Nürnberg, D, Steph, S, Groeneveld, J, Garbe-Schönberg, CD, Tiedemann, R and Dullo, WC (2006) Assessing the effect of dissolution on planktonic foraminiferal Mg/ca ratios: Evidence from Caribbean core tops. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7. Q07P15. doi:10.1029/2005GC001019

Rimbu, N and Lohmann, G (2011) Winter and summer blocking variability in the North Atlantic region. Evidence from long-term observational and proxy data from southwestern Greenland. Climate of the Past, 7. 543-555. doi:10.5194/cp-7-543-2011

Rokotyan, NV, Zakharov, VI, Gribanov, KG, Schneider, M, Bréon, FM, Jouzel, J, Imasu, R, Werner, M, Butzin, M, Petri, C, Warneke, T and Notholt, J (2014) A posteriori calculation of δ18O and δD in atmospheric water vapour from ground-based near-infrared FTIR retrievals of H216O, H218O, and HD16O. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 7(8). 2567-2580. doi:10.5194/amt-7-2567-2014

Rommerskirchen, F, Eglinton, G, Dupont, LM and Rullkötter, J (2006) Glacial/interglacial changes in Southern Africa: compound-specific d13C land plant biomarker and pollen records from Southeast Atlantic continental margin sediments - Part II. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7(8). Q08010. doi:10.1029/2005GC001223 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Ronge, TA, Tiedemann, R, Lamy, F, Köhler, P, Alloway, BV, de Pol-Holz, R, Pahnke, K, Southon, J and Wacker, L (2016) Radiocarbon constraints on the extent and evolution of the South Pacific glacial carbon pool. Nature Communications, 7. 11487. doi:10.1038/ncomms11487 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sluijs, A, Bijl, PK, Schouten, S, Röhl, U, Reichart, GJ and Brinkhuis, H (2011) Southern ocean warming, sea level and hydrological change during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum. Climate of the Past, 7(1). 47-61. doi:10.5194/cp-7-47-2011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stein, R, Fahl, K, Schreck, M, Knorr, G, Niessen, F, Forwick, M, Gebhardt, C, Jensen, L, Kaminski, M, Kopf, AJ, Matthiessen, J, Jokat, W and Lohmann, G (2016) Evidence for ice-free summers in the late Miocene central Arctic Ocean. Nature Communications, 7. 11148. doi:10.1038/ncomms11148 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tesi, T, Muschitiello, F, Mollenhauer, G, Miserocchi, S, Langone, L, Ceccarelli, C, Panieri, G, Chiggiato, J, Nogarotto, A, Hefter, J, Ingrosso, G, Giglio, F, Giordano, P and Capotondi, L (2021) Rapid Atlantification along the Fram Strait at the beginning of the 20th century. Science Advances, 7(48). doi:10.1126/sciadv.abj2946

Thuy, B, Gale, AS, Kroh, A, Kucera, M, Numberger-Thuy, LD, Reich, M and Stöhr, S (2012) Ancient origin of the modern deep-sea fauna. PLoS ONE, 7. e46913. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0046913

Varma, V, Prange, M, Lamy, F, Merkel, U and Schulz, M (2011) Solar-forced shifts of the Southern Hemisphere Westerlies during the Holocene. Climate of the Past, 7. 339-347. doi:10.5194/cp-7-339-2011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Weldeab, S, Schneider, RR and Kölling, M (2006) Comparison of foraminiferal cleaning procedures for Mg/Ca paleothermometry on core material deposited under varying terrigenous-input and bottom water conditions. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7. Q04P12. doi:10.1029/2005GC000990

Williams, J, Custer, T, Riede, H, Sander, R, Jöckel, P, Hoor, P, Pozzer, A, Wong-Zehnpfennig, BS, Hosaynali Beygi, Z, Fischer, AH, Gros, V, Colomb, A, Bonsang, B, Yassaa, N, Peeken, I, Atlas, EL, Waluda, CM, van Aardenne, J and Lelieveld, J (2010) Assessing the effect of marine isoprene and ship emissions on ozone, using modelling and measurements from the South Atlantic Ocean. Environmental Chemistry, 7(2). 171-182. doi:10.1071/ENO9154

Wu, HC, Felis, T, Scholz, D, Giry, C, Kölling, M, Jochum, KP and Scheffers, SR (2017) Changes to Yucatán Peninsula precipitation associated with salinity and temperature extremes of the Caribbean Sea during the Maya civilization collapse. Scientific Reports, 7. 15825. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15942-0 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

69

González, C, Dupont, LM, Behling, H and Wefer, G (2008) Neotropical vegetation respnse to rapid climate changes during the last glacial period: Palynological evidence from the Cariaco Basin. Quaternary Research, 69(2). 217-230. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2007.12.001

Gravalosa, J, Flores Villarejo, JA, Sierro, FJ and Gersonde, R (2008) Sea surface distribution of coccolithophores in the eastern Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean (Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas) during the late austral summer of 2001. Marine Micropaleontology, 69(1). 16-25. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.11.006

Hock, R, Maussion, F, Marzeion, B and Nowicki, S (2023) What is the global glacier ice volume outside the ice sheets? Journal of Glaciology, 69(273). 204-210. doi:10.1017/jog.2023.1

68

Versteegh, GJM, Schefuß, E, Dupont, LM, Marret, F, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Jansen, JHF (2004) Taraxerol and Rhizophora pollen as proxies for tracking past mangrove ecosystems. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 68(3). 411-422. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00456-3 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wisshak, M, Schönberg, CHL, Form, A and Freiwald, A (2014) Sponge bioerosion accelerated by ocean acidification across species and latitudes? Helgoland Marine Research, 68(2). 253-262. doi:10.1007/s10152-014-0385-4 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zonneveld, KAF, Versteegh, GJM and Kodrans-Nsiah, M (2008) Preservation and organic-chemistry of Late Cenozoic organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts; a review. Marine Micropaleontology, 68(1-2). 179-197. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2008.01.015

67

Boeckel, B and Baumann, KH (2008) Vertical and lateral variations in coccolithophore community structure across the subtropical frontal zone in the South Atlantic Ocean. Marine Micropaleontology, 67(3-4). 255-273. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2008.01.014

Dallmayr, R, Freitag, J, Hörhold, M, Laepple, T, Lemburg, J, Della-Lunga, D and Wilhelms, F (2021) A dual-tube sampling technique for snowpack studies. Journal of Glaciology, 67(261). 84-90. doi:10.1017/jog.2020.85

Eberwein, A and Mackensen, A (2008) Last Glacial Maximum paleoproductivity and water masses off NW-Africa: Evidence from benthic foraminifera and stable isotopes. Marine Micropaleontology, 67(1-2). 87-103. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.08.008

Gronholz, A, Gräwe, U, Paul, A and Schulz, M (2017) Investigating the effects of a summer storm on the North Sea stratification using a regional coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Ocean Dynamics, 67(2). 211-235. doi:10.1007/s10236-016-1023-2

Orenstein, EC, Ayata, SD, Maps, F, Becker, ÉC, Benedetti, F, Biard, T, de Garidel‐Thoron, T, Ellen, JS, Ferrario, F, Giering, SLC, Guy‐Haim, T, Hoebeke, L, Iversen, MH, Kiørboe, T, Lalonde, JF, Lana, A, Laviale, M, Lombard, F, Lorimer, T, Martini, S, Meyer, A, Möller, KO, Niehoff, B, Ohman, MD, Pradalier, C, Romagnan, JB, Schröder, SM, Sonnet, V, Sosik, HM, Stemmann, LS, Stock, M, Terbiyik‐Kurt, T, Valcárcel‐Pérez, N, Vilgrain, L, Wacquet, G, Waite, AM and Irisson, JO (2022) Machine learning techniques to characterize functional traits of plankton from image data. Limnology and Oceanography, 67(8). 1647-1669. doi:10.1002/lno.12101

Recinos, B, Maussion, F, Noël, B, Möller, M and Marzeion, B (2021) Calibration of a frontal ablation parameterisation applied to Greenland's peripheral calving glaciers. Journal of Glaciology, 67(266). 1177-1189. doi:10.1017/jog.2021.63

Sorrel, P, Oberhänsli, H, Boroffka, N, Nourgaliev, D, Dulski, P and Röhl, U (2007) Control of wind strength and frequency in the Aral Sea basin during the Holocene. Quaternary Research, 67. 371-382. doi:10.2113/gssajg.110.2/3.311

Wagner, T, Kallweit, W, Talbot, HM, Mollenhauer, G, Boom, A and Zabel, M (2014) Microbial biomarkers support organic carbon transport from methane-rich Amazon wetlands to the shelf and deep sea fan during recent and glacial climate conditions. Organic Geochemistry, 67. 85-98. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.12.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

667

Martins, AK, Kochhann, KGD, Chiessi, CM, Bauersachs, T, Zardin, TN, Campos, MC, Krahl, G, de Souza, LV, Crivellari, S, Bahr, A, Kuhnert, H, Schwark, L and Fauth, G (2023) Links between precipitation patterns over eastern tropical South America and productivity in the western tropical South Atlantic Ocean during the last deglacial. Quaternary International, 667. 29-40. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2023.05.012

66

Arz, HW, Lamy, F and Pätzold, J (2006) A pronounced dry event recorded around 4.2 ka in brine sediments from the northern Red Sea. Quaternary Research, 66(3). 432-441. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.05.006

De Deckker, P, Barrows, TT, Stuut, JBW, van der Kaars, S, Ayress, MA, Rogers, J and Chaproniere, G (2019) Land–sea correlations in the Australian region: 460 ka of changes recorded in a deep-sea core offshore Tasmania. Part 2: the marine compared with the terrestrial record. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 66(1). 17-36. doi:10.1080/08120099.2018.1495101

Fabbrini, A, Greco, M, Iacoviello, F, Kucera, M, Ezard, THG and Wade, BS (2023) Bridging the extant and fossil record of planktonic foraminifera: implications for the Globigerina lineage. Palaeontology, 66(6). doi:10.1111/pala.12676

Hanebuth, TJJ, Stattegger, K and Bojanowski, A (2009) Termination of the Last Glacial Maximum sea-level lowstand: The Sunda sea-level record revisited. Global and Planetary Change, 66(1-2). 76-84. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.03.011

Hellmer, HH, Rhein, M, Heinemann, G, Abalichin, J, Abouchami, W, Baars, O, Cubasch, U, Dethloff, K, Ebner, L, Fahrbach, E, Frank, M, Gollan, G, Greatbatch, RJ, Grieger, J, Gryanik, VM, Gryschka, M, Hauck, J, Hoppema, M, Huhn, O, Kanzow, T, Koch, BP, König-Langlo, G, Langematz, U, Leckebusch, GC, Lüpkes, C, Paul, S, Rinke, A, Rost, B, Rutgers van der Loeff, MM, Schröder, M, Seckmeyer, G, Stichel, T, Strass, V, Timmermann, R, Trimborn, S, Ulbrich, U, Venchiarutti, C, Wacker, U, Willmes, S and Wolf-Gladrow, D (2016) Meteorology and oceanography of the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean — a review of German achievements from the last decade. Ocean Dynamics, 66(11). 1379-1413. doi:10.1007/s10236-016-0988-1

Rathmann, S and Kuhnert, H (2008) Carbonate ion effect on Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and stable isotopes on the benthic foraminifera Oridorsalis umbonatus off Namibia. Marine Micropaleontology, 66(2). 120-133. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.08.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Salgueiro, E, Voelker, AHL, Abrantes, FF, Meggers, H, Pflaumann, U, Loncaric, N, González-Álvarez, R, Oliveira, P, Bartels-Jonsdottir, HB, Moreno, J and Wefer, G (2008) Planktonic foraminifera from modern sediments reflect upwelling patterns off Iberia: Insights from a regional transfer function. Marine Micropaleontology, 66(3-4). 135-164. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.09.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Steinke, S, Yu, PS, Kucera, M and Chen, MT (2008) No-analog planktonic foraminiferal faunas in the glacial southern South China Sea: Implications for the magnitude of glacial cooling in the western Pacific warm pool. Marine Micropaleontology, 66(2). 71-90. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.07.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Yang, H, Liu, J, Lohmann, G, Shi, X, Hu, Y and Chen, X (2016) Ocean-atmosphere dynamics changes associated with prominent ocean surface turbulent heat fluxes trends during 1958–2013. Ocean Dynamics, 66(3). 353-365. doi:10.1007/s10236-016-0925-3

65

Collins, JA, Schefuß, E, Mulitza, S, Prange, M, Werner, M, Tharammal, T, Paul, A and Wefer, G (2013) Estimating the hydrogen isotopic composition of past precipitation using leaf-waxes from western Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews, 65. 88-101. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.01.007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Esper, O and Zonneveld, KAF (2007) The potential of organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts for the reconstruction of past sea-surface conditions in the Southern Ocean. Marine Micropaleontology, 65(3-4). 185-212. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.07.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Grotheer, H and Mollenhauer, G (2023) The impact of leaching on radiocarbon ages of small-sizede foraminifera samples. Radiocarbon, 65(1). 121-133. doi:10.1017/RDC.2022.96

Mohtadi, M, Max, L, Hebbeln, D, Baumgart, A, Krück, N and Jennerjahn, TC (2007) Modern environmental conditions recorded in surface sediment samples off W and SW Indonesia: Planktonic foraminifera and biogenic compounds analyses. Marine Micropaleontology, 65(1-2). 96-112. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.06.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Morard, R, Escarguel, G, Weiner, AKM, André, A, Douady, CJ, Wade, CM, Darling, KF, Ujiié, Y, Seears, HA, Quillévéré, F, de Garidel-Thoron, T, de Vargas, C and Kucera, M (2016) Nomenclature for the nameless: a proposal for an integrative molecular taxonomy of cryptic diversity exemplified by planktonic foraminifera. Systematic Biology, 65(5). 925-940. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syw031

Romero, OE, Kim, JH and Hebbeln, D (2006) Paleoproductivity evolution off central Chile from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Early Holocene. Quaternary Research, 65(3). 519-525. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2005.07.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

64

Agnini, C, Fornaciari, E, Raffi, I, Rio, D, Röhl, U and Westerhold, T (2007) High-resolution nannofossil biochronology of middle Paleocene to early Eocene at ODP Site 1262: Implications for calcareous nannoplankton evolution. Marine Micropaleontology, 64(3-4). 215-248. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.05.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Chiessi, CM, Ulrich, S, Mulitza, S, Pätzold, J and Wefer, G (2007) Signature of the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence (Argentine Basin) in the isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera from surface sediments. Marine Micropaleontology, 64(1-2). 52-66. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.02.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Holzwarth, U, Esper, O and Zonneveld, KAF (2007) Distribution of organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in shelf surface sediments of the Benguela upwelling system in relationship to environmental conditions. Marine Micropaleontology, 64(1-2). 91-119. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.04.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Scourse, JD, Marret, F, Versteegh, GJM, Jansen, JHF, Schefuß, E and van der Plicht, J (2005) High resolution last deglaciation record from the Congo fan reveals significance of mangrove pollen and biomarkers as indicators of shelf transgression. Quaternary Research, 64(1). 57-69. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2005.03.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zonneveld, KAF, Chen, L, Elshanawany, R, Fischer, HW, Hoins, M, Ibrahim, MI, Pittauerová, D and Versteegh, GJM (2012) The use of dinoflagellate cysts to seperate human-induced from natural variability in the trophic state of the Po River discharge plume over the last two centuries. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 64(1). 114-132. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.10.012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zonneveld, KAF, Mackensen, A and Baumann, KH (2007) Stable oxygen isotopes of Thoracosphaera heimii (Dinophyceae) in relationship to temperature; a culture experiment. Marine Micropaleontology, 64(1-2). 80-90. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.03.002

638-63

Scardino, G, Rizzo, A, De Santis, V, Kyriakoudi, D, Rovere, A, Vacchi, M, Torrisi, S and Scicchitano, G (2022) Insights on the origin of multiple tsunami events affected the archaeological site of Ognina (south-eastern Sicily, Italy). Quaternary International, 638-63. 122-139. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2021.09.013

638

Gastaldello, ME, Agnini, C, Westerhold, T, Drury, AJ and Alegret, L (2024) A benthic foraminifera perspective of the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene Biogenic Bloom at ODP Site 1085 (Southeast Atlantic Ocean). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 638. 112040. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2024.112040

63

Bernales, J, Rogozhina, I and Thomas, M (2017) Melting and freezing under Antarctic ice shelves from a combination of ice-sheet modelling and observations. Journal of Glaciology, 63(240). 731-744. doi:10.1017/jog.2017.42

Bickert, T and Henrich, R (2011) Climate records of deep-sea sediments: Towards the Ceozonic Ice House. In: Hüneke, H and Mulder, T (eds.) Deep-Sea Sediments. Developments in Sedimentology, 63. Elsevier, 793-823. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-53000-4.00012-3

Erokhina, O, Rogozhina, I, Prange, M, Bakker, P, Bernales, J, Paul, A and Schulz, M (2017) Dependence of slope lapse rate over the Greenland ice sheet on background climate. Journal of Glaciology, 63(239). 568-572. doi:10.1017/jog.2017.10

Richter, D, Vink, A, Zonneveld, KAF, Kuhlmann, H and Willems, H (2007) Calcareous dinoflagellate cyst distributions in surface sediments from upwelling areas off NW Africa, and their relationships with environmental parameters of the upper water column. Marine Micropaleontology, 63(3-4). 210-228. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2006.12.002

Scholz, P, Lohmann, G, Wang, Q and Danilov, S (2013) Evaluation of a Finite-Element Sea-Ice Ocean Model (FESOM) set-up to study the interannual to decadal variability in the deep-water formation rates. Ocean Dynamics, 63(4). 347-370. doi:10.1007/s10236-012-0590-0 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Weigelt, E, Dupont, LM and Uenzelmann-Neben, G (2008) Late Pliocene climate changes documented in seismic and palynology data at the southwestern African Margin. Global and Planetary Change, 63(1). 31-39. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.05.001

629

Viganò, A, Westerhold, T, Bown, PR, Jones, TD and Agnini, C (2023) Calcareous nannofossils across the Eocene-Oligocene transition: Preservation signals and biostratigraphic remarks from ODP Site 1209 (NW Pacific, Shatsky Rise) and IODP Hole U1411B (NW Atlantic Ocean, Newfoundland Ridge). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 629. 111778. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111778

You, D, Stein, R, Fahl, K, Limoges, A and Schefuß, E (2024) Interaction between ice sheet dynamics and sea surface characteristics in the Labrador Sea during the last 50 ka. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 629. 118596. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118596

625

Allentoft, ME, Sikora, M, Fischer, A, Sjögren, KG, Ingason, A, Macleod, R, Rosengren, A, Schulz Paulsson, B, Schjellerup Jørkov, ML, Novosolov, M, Stenderup, J, Price, TD, Fischer Mortensen, M, Nielsen, AB, Ulfeldt Hede, M, Sørensen, L, Nielsen, PO, Rasmussen, P, Jensen, TZT, Refoyo-Martínez, A, Irving-Pease, EK, Barrie, W, Pearson, A, Sousa da Mota, B, Demeter, F, Henriksen, RA, Vimala, T, McColl, H, Vaughn, A, Vinner, L, Renaud, G, Stern, A, Johannsen, NN, Ramsøe, AD, Schork, AJ, Ruter, A, Gotfredsen, AB, Henning Nielsen, B, Brinch Petersen, E, Kannegaard, E, Hansen, J, Buck Pedersen, K, Pedersen, L, Klassen, L, Meldgaard, M, Johansen, M, Uldum, OC, Lotz, P, Lysdahl, P, Bangsgaard, P, Petersen, PV, Maring, R, Iversen, R, Wåhlin, S, Anker Sørensen, S, Andersen, SH, Jørgensen, T, Lynnerup, N, Lawson, DJ, Rasmussen, S, Korneliussen, TS, Kjær, KH, Durbin, R, Nielsen, R, Delaneau, O, Werge, T, Kristiansen, K and Willerslev, E (2024) 100 ancient genomes show repeated population turnovers in Neolithic Denmark. Nature, 625(7994). 329-337. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06862-3

Allentoft, ME, Sikora, M, Refoyo-Martínez, A, Irving-Pease, EK, Fischer, A, Barrie, W, Ingason, A, Stenderup, J, Sjögren, KG, Pearson, A, Sousa da Mota, B, Schulz Paulsson, B, Halgren, A, Macleod, R, Schjellerup Jørkov, ML, Demeter, F, Sørensen, L, Nielsen, PO, Henriksen, RA, Vimala, T, McColl, H, Margaryan, A, Ilardo, M, Vaughn, A, Fischer Mortensen, M, Nielsen, AB, Ulfeldt Hede, M, Johannsen, NN, Rasmussen, P, Vinner, L, Renaud, G, Stern, A, Jensen, TZT, Scorrano, G, Schroeder, H, Lysdahl, P, Ramsøe, AD, Skorobogatov, A, Schork, AJ, Rosengren, A, Ruter, A, Outram, A, Timoshenko, AA, Buzhilova, A, Coppa, A, Zubova, A, Silva, AM, Hansen, AJ, Gromov, A, Logvin, A, Gotfredsen, AB, Henning Nielsen, B, González-Rabanal, B, Lalueza-Fox, C, McKenzie, CJ, Gaunitz, C, Blasco, C, Liesau, C, Martinez-Labarga, C, Pozdnyakov, DV, Cuenca-Solana, D, Lordkipanidze, DO, En’shin, D, Salazar-García, DC, Price, TD, Borić, D, Kostyleva, E, Veselovskaya, EV, Usmanova, ER, Cappellini, E, Brinch Petersen, E, Kannegaard, E, Radina, F, Eylem Yediay, F, Duday, H, Gutiérrez-Zugasti, I, Merts, I, Potekhina, I, Shevnina, I, Altinkaya, I, Guilaine, J, Hansen, J, Aura Tortosa, JE, Zilhão, J, Vega, J, Buck Pedersen, K, Tunia, K, Zhao, L, Mylnikova, LN, Larsson, L, Metz, L, Yepiskoposyan, L, Pedersen, L, Sarti, L, Orlando, L, Slimak, L, Klassen, L, Blank, M, González-Morales, M, Silvestrini, M, Vretemark, M, Nesterova, MS, Rykun, M, Rolfo, MF, Szmyt, M, Przybyła, M, Calattini, M, Sablin, M, Dobisíková, M, Meldgaard, M, Johansen, M, Berezina, N, Card, N, Saveliev, NA, Poshekhonova, O, Rickards, O, Lozovskaya, OV, Gábor, O, Uldum, OC, Aurino, P, Kosintsev, P, Courtaud, P, Ríos, P, Mortensen, P, Lotz, P, Persson, P, Bangsgaard, P, de Barros Damgaard, P, Vang Petersen, P, Martinez, PP, Włodarczak, P, Smolyaninov, RV, Maring, R, Menduiña, R, Badalyan, R, Iversen, R, Turin, R, Vasilyev, S, Wåhlin, S, Borutskaya, S, Skochina, S, Sørensen, SA, Andersen, SH, Jørgensen, T, Serikov, YB, Molodin, VI, Smrcka, V, Merts, V, Appadurai, V, Moiseyev, V, Magnusson, Y, Kjær, KH, Lynnerup, N, Lawson, DJ, Sudmant, PH, Rasmussen, S, Korneliussen, TS, Durbin, R, Nielsen, R, Delaneau, O, Werge, T, Racimo, F, Kristiansen, K and Willerslev, E (2024) Population genomics of post-glacial western Eurasia. Nature, 625(7994). 301-311. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06865-0

Barrie, W, Yang, Y, Irving-Pease, EK, Attfield, KE, Scorrano, G, Jensen, LT, Armen, AP, Dimopoulos, EA, Stern, A, Refoyo-Martínez, A, Pearson, A, Ramsøe, A, Gaunitz, C, Demeter, F, Jørkov, MLS, Møller, SB, Springborg, B, Klassen, L, Hyldgård, IM, Wickmann, N, Vinner, L, Korneliussen, TS, Allentoft, ME, Sikora, M, Kristiansen, K, Rodriguez, S, Nielsen, R, Iversen, AKN, Lawson, DJ, Fugger, L and Willerslev, E (2024) Elevated genetic risk for multiple sclerosis emerged in steppe pastoralist populations. Nature, 625(7994). 321-328. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06618-z

Irving-Pease, EK, Refoyo-Martínez, A, Barrie, W, Ingason, A, Pearson, A, Fischer, A, Sjögren, KG, Halgren, AS, Macleod, R, Demeter, F, Henriksen, RA, Vimala, T, McColl, H, Vaughn, AH, Speidel, L, Stern, AJ, Scorrano, G, Ramsøe, A, Schork, AJ, Rosengren, A, Zhao, L, Kristiansen, K, Iversen, AKN, Fugger, L, Sudmant, PH, Lawson, DJ, Durbin, R, Korneliussen, TS, Werge, T, Allentoft, ME, Sikora, M, Nielsen, R, Racimo, F and Willerslev, E (2024) The selection landscape and genetic legacy of ancient Eurasians. Nature, 625(7994). 312-320. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06705-1

62

Butzin, M, Heaton, TJ, Köhler, P and Lohmann, G (2020) A short note on marine reservoir age simulations used in IntCal20. Radiocarbon, 62(4). 865-871. doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.9

Crétat, J, Harrison, SP, Braconnot, P, d’Agostino, R, Jungclaus, J, Lohmann, G, Shi, X and Marti, O (2024) Orbitally forced and internal changes in West African rainfall interannual-to-decadal variability for the last 6000 years. Climate Dynamics, 62(3). 2301-2316. doi:10.1007/s00382-023-07023-y

Jacot des Combes, H and Abelmann, A (2007) A 350 kyr Radiolarian record off Lüderitz, Namibia - evidence for changes in the upwelling regime. Marine Micropaleontology, 62(3). 194-210. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2006.08.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stuut, JB and Lamy, F (2004) Climate variability at the southern boundaries of the Namib (southwestern Africa) and Atacama (northern Chile) coastal deserts during the last 120,000 yr. Quaternary Research, 62(3). 301-309. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2004.08.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sun, S, Meyer, VD, Dolman, AM, Winterfeld, M, Hefter, J, Dummann, W, McIntyre, C, Montluçon, DB, Haghipour, N, Wacker, L, Gentz, T, van der Voort, TS, Eglinton, TI and Mollenhauer, G (2020) 14C blank assessment in small-scale compound-specific radiocarbon analysis of lipid biomarkers and lignin phenols. Radiocarbon, 62(1). 207-218. doi:10.1017/RDC.2019.108

Titschack, J, Baum, D, de Pol-Holz, R, López Correa, M, Forster, N, Flögel, S, Hebbeln, D, Freiwald, A and Riegl, BM (2015) Aggradation and carbonate accumulation of Holocene Norwegian cold-water coral reefs. Sedimentology, 62(7). 1873-1898. doi:10.1111/sed.12206 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zonneveld, KAF, Cheng, L, Möbius, J and Mahmoud, MS (2009) Environmental significance of dinoflagellate cysts from the proximal part of the Po-river discharge plume (off southern Italy, Eastern Mediterranean). Journal of Sea Research, 62(4). 189-213. doi:10.1016/j.seares.2009.02.003

618

Brocks, JJ, Nettersheim, BJ, Adam, P, Schaeffer, P, Jarrett, AJM, Güneli, N, Liyanage, T, van Maldegem, LM, Hallmann, C and Hope, JM (2023) Lost world of complex life and the late rise of the eukaryotic crown. Nature, 618(7966). 767-773. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06170-w

617

Liu, Y, Tao, S, Sun, R, You, CF, Wang, TH, Felis, T, Zheng, W, Sun, S, Liu, X, Shi, Q, Zhao, J and Yu, K (2023) Coral growth over the past 550 years in the central South China Sea linked to monsoon- and seabird-induced nutrient stress. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 617. 111488. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111488

613

Hörhold, M, Münch, T, Weißbach, S, Kipfstuhl, S, Freitag, J, Sasgen, I, Lohmann, G, Vinther, B and Laepple, T (2023) Modern temperatures in central–north Greenland warmest in past millennium. Nature, 613(7944). 503-507. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05517-z

Jackson, R, Frederichs, T, Schulz, H and Kucera, M (2023) Chronology of detrital carbonate events in Baffin Bay reveals different timing but similar average recurrence time of North American-Arctic and Laurentide ice sheet collapse events during MIS 3. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 613. 118191. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118191

Li, Z, Zhang, YG, Torres, M and Mills, BJW (2023) Neogene burial of organic carbon in the global ocean. Nature, 613(7942). 90-95. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05413-6

612

Wörmer, L, Wendt, J, Boehman, B, Haug, GH and Hinrichs, KU (2022) Deglacial increase of seasonal temperature variability in the tropical ocean. Nature, 612(7938). 88-91. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05350-4

61

Dupont, LM, Kim, JH, Schneider, RR and Shi, N (2004) Southwest African climate independent of Atlantic sea surface temperatures during the Younger Dryas. Quaternary Research, 61(3). 318-324. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2004.02.005

Saavedra-Pellitero, M and Baumann, KH (2015) Comparison of living and surface sediment coccolithophore assemblages in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. Micropaleontology, 61(6). 507-520.

Servettaz, APM, Yokoyama, Y, Hirabayashi, S, Kienast, M, Miyairi, Y and Mohtadi, M (2019) Dissolved inorganic radiocarbon content of the western Coral Sea: implications for intermediate and deep water circulation. Radiocarbon, 61(6). 1685-1696. doi:10.1017/RDC.2019.122

Stolz, K, Baumann, KH and Mersmeyer, H (2015) Extant coccolithophores from the western equatorial Indian Ocean off Tanzania and coccolith distribution in surface sediments. Micropaleontology, 61(6). 473-488.

Stuut, JB, Marchant, M, Kaiser, J, Lamy, F, Mohtadi, M, Romero, OE and Hebbeln, D (2006) The late Quaternary paleoenvironment of Chile as seen from marine archives. Geographica Helvetica, 61(2). 135-151. doi:10.5194/gh-61-135-2006

607

Jang, K, Bayon, G, Vogt, C, Forwick, M, Ahn, Y, Kim, JH and Nam, SI (2023) Non-linear response of glacier melting to Holocene warming in Svalbard recorded by sedimentary iron (oxyhydr)oxides. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 607. 118054. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118054

Laepple, T, Shakun, J, He, F and Marcott, S (2022) Concerns of assuming linearity in the reconstruction of thermal maxima. Nature, 607(7920). E12-E14. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04831-w

602

Geibert, W, Matthiessen, J, Wollenburg, JE and Stein, R (2022) Reply to: No freshwater-filled glacial Arctic Ocean. Nature, 602(7895). E4-E6. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04090-1

60

Feely, RA, Sabine, CL, Schlitzer, R, Bullister, JL, Mecking, S and Greeley, D (2004) Oxygen utilization and organic carbon remineralization in the Pacific Ocean. Journal of Oceanography, 60(1). 45-52. doi:10.1023/B:JOCE.0000038317.01279.aa

Gil, IM, Abrantes, FF and Hebbeln, D (2006) The North Atlantic Oscillation forcing through the last 2000 years: Spatial variability as revealed by high-resolution marine diatom records from N and SW Europe. Marine Micropaleontology, 60(2). 113-129. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2006.03.003

Ionita, M, Lohmann, G, Rimbu, N and Wiltshire, KH (2008) The influence of large-scale atmospheric circulation on the variability of salinity at Helgoland Roads station. Tellus Series A-Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 60(5). 1103-1108. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00352.x

Laprida, C, Albarracín, PB, Romero, SI, Martín, RS, Isola, J, Kasten, S and Chapori, NG (2023) Enhanced primary productivity in the Brazil Malvinas Confluence Zone during the Mis 3. Ameghiniana, 60(4). doi:10.5710/AMGH.04.04.2023.3515

Schlitzer, R (2004) Export production in the North Pacific derived from dissolved oxygen, nutrient and carbon data. Journal of Oceanography, 60(1). 53-62. doi:10.1023/B:JOCE.0000038318.38916.e6

6

Abelmann, A, Gersonde, R, Knorr, G, Zhang, X, Chapligin, B, Maier, E, Esper, O, Friedrichsen, H, Lohmann, G, Meyer, H and Tiedemann, R (2015) The seasonal sea-ice zone in the glacial Southern Ocean as a carbon sink. Nature Communications, 6. 8136. doi:10.1038/ncomms9136 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Arnosti, C, Hinrichs, KU, Coffinet, S, Wilkes, H and Pantoja, S (2019) The enduring questions: What's for dinner? Where's my knife? …and can I use my fingers? (unanswered) Questions related to organic matter and microbes in marine sediments. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6. doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00629

Boesch, H, Deutscher, N, Warneke, T, Byckling, K, Cogan, AJ, Griffith, DWT, Notholt, J, Parker, RJ and Wang, Z (2013) HDO/H2O ratio retrievals from GOSAT. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 6(3). 599-612. doi:10.5194/amt-6-599-2013

Bracher, A, Vountas, M, Dinter, T, Burrows, JP, Röttgers, R and Peeken, I (2009) Quantitative observation of cyanobacteria and diatoms from space using PhytoDOAS on SCIAMACHY data. Biogeosciences, 6. 751-764. doi:10.5194/bg-6-751-2009

Bushnell, M, Waldmann, C, Seitz, S, Buckley, E, Tamburri, M, Hermes, J, Henslop, E and Lara-Lopez, A (2019) Quality assurance of oceanographic observations: standards and guidance adopted by an international partnership. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6. doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00706

Cook, CP, van de Flierdt, T, Williams, T, Hemming, SR, Iwai, M, Kobayashi, M, Jiménez-Espejo, FJ, Escutia, C, González, JJ, Khim, BK, McKay, RM, Passchier, S, Bohaty, SM, Riesselman, CR, Tauxe, L, Sugisaki, S, Galindo, AL, Patterson, MO, Sangiorgi, F, Pierce, EL, Brinkhuis, H, Klaus, A, Fehr, A, Bendle, JAP, Bijl, PK, Carr, SA, Dunbar, RB, Flores, JA, Hayden, TG, Katsuki, K, Kong, GS, Nakai, M, Olney, MP, Pekar, SF, Pross, J, Röhl, U, Sakai, T, Shrivastava, PK, Stickley, CE, Tuo, S, Welsh, K and Yamane, M (2013) Dynamic behaviour of the East Antarctic ice sheet during Pliocene warmth. Nature Geoscience, 6. 765-769. doi:10.1038/ngeo1889 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dang, H, Jian, Z, Wang, Y, Mohtadi, M, Rosenthal, Y, Ye, L, Bassinot, F and Kuhnt, W (2020) Pacific warm pool subsurface heat sequestration modulated Walker circulation and ENSO activity during the Holocene. Science Advances, 6(42). eabc0402. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abc0402

De Schepper, S and Head, MJ (2008) New dinoflagellate cyst and acritarch taxa from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of the eastern North Atlantic (DSDP Site 610). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 6(1). 101-117. doi:10.1017/S1477201907002167

Deplazes, G, Lückge, A, Peterson, LC, Timmermann, A, Hamann, Y, Hughen, KA, Röhl, U, Laj, C, Cane, MA, Sigman, DM and Haug, GH (2013) Links between tropical rainfall and North Atlantic climate during the last glacial period. Nature Geoscience, 6. 213-217. doi:10.1038/ngeo1712 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Felis, T, Giry, C, Scholz, D, Lohmann, G, Pfeiffer, M, Pätzold, J, Kölling, M and Scheffers, SR (2015) Tropical Atlantic temperature seasonality at the end of the last interglacial. Nature Communications, 6. 6159. doi:10.1038/ncomms7159 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Fenton, CR, Hermanns, RL, Blikra, LH, Kubik, PW, Bryant, C, Niedermann, S, Meixner, A and Goethals, MM (2011) Regional 10Be production rate calibration for the past 12ka deduced from the radiocarbon-dated Grøtlandsura and Russenes rock avalanches at 69° N, Norway. Quaternary Geochronology, 6(5). 437-452. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2011.04.005

Frajka-Williams, E, Ansorge, IJ, Baehr, J, Bryden, HL, Chidichimo, MP, Cunningham, SA, Danabasoglu, G, Dong, S, Donohue, KA, Elipot, S, Heimbach, P, Holliday, NP, Hummels, R, Jackson, LC, Karstensen, J, Lankhorst, M, Le Bras, IA, Lozier, MS, McDonagh, EL, Meinen, CS, Mercier, H, Moat, BI, Perez, RC, Piecuch, CG, Rhein, M, Srokosz, MA, Trenberth, KE, Bacon, S, Forget, G, Goni, G, Kieke, D, Koelling, J, Lamont, T, McCarthy, GD, Mertens, C, Send, U, Smeed, DA, Speich, S, van den Berg, M, Volkov, D and Wilson, C (2019) Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: observed transport and variability. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6. doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00260

Haese, B, Werner, M and Lohmann, G (2013) Stable water isotopes in the coupled atmosphere–land surface model ECHAM5-JSBACH. Geoscientific Model Development, 6(5). 1463-1480. doi:10.5194/gmd-6-1463-2013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hoetzel, S, Dupont, LM, Schefuß, E, Rommerskirchen, F and Wefer, G (2013) The role of fire in Miocene to Pliocene C4 grassland and ecosystem evolution. Nature Geoscience, 6(12). 1027-1030. doi:10.1038/ngeo1984 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Holzer-Popp, T, de Leeuw, G, Griesfeller, J, Martynenko, D, Klüser, L, Bevan, S, Davies, W, Ducos, F, Deuzé, JL, Graigner, RG, Heckel, A, von Hoyningen-Hüne, W, Kolmonen, P, Litvinov, P, North, P, Poulsen, CA, Ramon, D, Siddans, R, Sogacheva, L, Tanre, D, Thomas, GE, Vountas, M, Descloitres, J, Griesfeller, J, Kinne, S, Schulz, M and Pinnock, S (2013) Aerosol retrieval experiments in the ESA Aerosol_cci project. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 6(8). 1919-1957. doi:10.5194/amt-6-1919-2013

Ionita, M, Scholz, P, Lohmann, G, Dima, M and Prange, M (2016) Linkages between atmospheric blocking, sea ice export through Fram Strait and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Scientific Reports, 6. 32881. doi:10.1038/srep32881

Kuhnert, H, Crüger, T and Pätzold, J (2005) NAO signature in a Bermuda coral Sr/Ca record. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 6. Q04004. doi:10.1029/2004GC000786 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kuhnt, W, Holbourn, AEL, Xu, J, Opdyke, B, de Deckker, P, Röhl, U and Mudelsee, M (2015) Southern Hemisphere control on Australian monsoon variability during the late deglaciation and Holocene. Nature Communications, 6. 5916. doi:10.1038/ncomms6916 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Liebing, P, Bramstedt, K, Noël, S, Rozanov, V, Bovensmann, H and Burrows, JP (2013) Polarization data from SCIAMACHY limb backscatter observations compared to vector radiative transfer model simulations. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 6(6). 1503-1520. doi:10.5194/amt-6-1503-2013

Narayan, N, Paul, A, Mulitza, S and Schulz, M (2010) Trends in coastal upwelling intensity during the late 20th century. Ocean Science, 6. 815-823. doi:10.5194/os-6-815-2010

Pearlman, J, Bushnell, M, Coppola, L, Karstensen, J, Buttigieg, PL, Pearlman, F, Simpson, P, Barbier, M, Muller-Karger, FE, Munoz-Mas, C, Pissierssens, P, Chandler, C, Hermes, J, Heslop, E, Jenkyns, R, Achterberg, EP, Bensi, M, Bittig, HC, Blandin, J, Bosch, J, Bourles, B, Bozzano, R, Buck, JJH, Burger, EF, Cano, D, Cardin, V, Llorens, MC, Cianca, A, Chen, H, Cusack, C, Delory, E, Garello, R, Giovanetti, G, Harscoat, V, Hartman, S, Heitsenrether, R, Jirka, S, Lara-Lopez, A, Lantéri, N, Leadbetter, A, Manzella, G, Maso, J, McCurdy, A, Moussat, E, Ntoumas, M, Pensieri, S, Petihakis, G, Pinardi, N, Pouliquen, S, Przeslawski, R, Roden, NP, Silke, J, Tamburri, MN, Tang, H, Tanhua, T, Telszewski, M, Testor, P, Thomas, J, Waldmann, C and Whoriskey, F (2019) Evolving and sustaining ocean best practices and standards for the next decade. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6. doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00277

Saini, J, Stein, R, Fahl, K, Weiser, J, Hebbeln, D, Hillaire-Marcel, C and de Vernal, A (2020) Holocene variability in sea ice and primary productivity in the northeastern Baffin Bay. arktos, 6(1-3). 55-73. doi:10.1007/s41063-020-00075-y

Schmidt, C, Titelboim, D, Brandt, J, Herut, B, Abramovich, S, Almogi-Labin, A and Kucera, M (2016) Extremely heat tolerant photo-symbiosis in a shallow marine benthic foraminifera. Scientific Reports, 6. 30930. doi:10.1038/srep30930

Steinke, S, Chiu, HY, Yu, PS, Shen, CC, Löwemark, L, Mii, HS and Chen, MT (2005) Mg/Ca ratios of two Globigerinoides ruber (white) morphotypes: Implications for reconstructing past tropical/subtropical surface water conditions. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 6. Q11005. doi:10.1029/2005GC000926 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stocchi, P, Escutia, C, Houben, AJP, Vermeesen, BLA, Bijl, PK, Brinkhuis, H, DeConto, RM, Galeotti, S, Passchier, S, Pollard, D, Klaus, A, Fehr, A, Williams, T, Bendle, JA, Bohaty, SM, Carr, SA, Dunbar, RB, Flores, JA, Gonzàlez, JJ, Hayden, TG, Iwai, M, Jiménez-Espejo, FJ, Katsuki, K, Kong, GS, McKay, RM, Nakai, M, Olney, MP, Pekar, SF, Pross, J, Riesselman, C, Röhl, U, Sakai, T, Shrivastava, PK, Stickley, CE, Sugisaki, S, Tauxe, L, Tuo, S, van de Flierdt, T, Welsh, K and Yamane, M (2013) Relative sea-level rise around East Antarctica during Oligocene glaciation. Nature Geoscience, 6(5). 380-384. doi:10.1038/ngeo1783

Waelbroeck, C, Lougheed, BC, Vazquez Riveiros, N, Missiaen, L, Pedro, J, Dokken, T, Hajdas, I, Wacker, L, Abbott, P, Dumoulin, JP, Thil, F, Eynaud, F, Rossignol, L, Fersi, W, Albuquerque, AL, Arz, HW, Austin, WEN, Came, R, Carlson, AE, Collins, JA, Dennielou, B, Desprat, S, Dickson, A, Elliot, M, Farmer, C, Giraudeau, J, Gottschalk, J, Henderiks, J, Hughen, K, Jungblut, S, Knutz, P, Lebreiro, SM, Lund, DC, Lynch-Stieglitz, J, Malaizé, B, Marchitto, T, Martínez-Méndez, G, Mollenhauer, G, Naughton, F, Nave, S, Nürnberg, D, Oppo, D, Peck, V, Peeters, FJC, Penaud, A, Portilho-Ramos, RC, Repschläger, J, Roberts, J, Rühlemann, C, Salgueiro, E, Sánchez Goñi, MF, Schönfeld, J, Scussolini, P, Skinner, LC, Skonieczny, C, Thornalley, D, Toucanne, S, Van Rooij, D, Vidal, L, Voelker, AHL, Wary, M, Weldeab, S and Ziegler, M (2019) Consistently dated Atlantic sediment cores over the last 40 thousand years. Scientific Data, 6(1). doi:10.1038/s41597-019-0173-8

Winter, A, Zanchettin, D, Miller, T, Kushnir, Y, Black, D, Lohmann, G, Burnett, A, Haug, GH, Estrella-Martínez, J, Breitenbach, SFM, Beaufort, L, Rubino, A and Cheng, H (2015) Persistent drying in the tropics linked to natural forcing. Nature Communications, 6. 7627. doi:10.1038/ncomms8627

Yoshinaga, MY, Gagen, EJ, Wörmer, L, Broda, NK, Meador, TB, Wendt, J, Thomm, M and Hinrichs, KU (2015) Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus modulates its membrane lipids in response to hydrogen and nutrient availability. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00005

Zhang, Y, Zhang, X, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Zhang, X, Lohmann, G, Prange, M, Behling, H, Zabel, M, Govin, A, Sawakuchi, AO, Cruz, FW and Wefer, G (2016) Equatorial Pacific forcing of western Amazonian precipitation during Heinrich Stadial 1. Scientific Reports, 6. 35866. doi:10.1038/srep35866 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

597

Pereira, NS, Clarke, LJ, Chiessi, CM, Kilbourne, KH, Crivellari, S, Cruz, FW, Campos, JLPS, Yu, TL, Shen, CC, Kikuchi, RKP, Pinheiro, BR, Longo, GO, Sial, AN and Felis, T (2022) Mid to late 20th century freshening of the western tropical South Atlantic triggered by southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 597. 111013. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2022.111013

594

Bertassoli, DJ, Häggi, C, Chiessi, CM, Schefuß, E, Hefter, J, Akabane, TK and Sawakuchi, AO (2022) Controls on the distributions of GDGTs and n-alkane isotopic compositions in sediments of the Amazon River Basin. Chemical Geology, 594. 120777. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.120777

593

Edwards, TL, Nowicki, S, Marzeion, B, Hock, R, Goelzer, H, Seroussi, H, Jourdain, NC, Slater, DA, Turner, FE, Smith, CJ, McKenna, CM, Simon, E, Abe-Ouchi, A, Gregory, JM, Larour, E, Lipscomb, WH, Payne, AJ, Shepherd, A, Agosta, C, Alexander, P, Albrecht, T, Anderson, B, Asay-Davis, X, Aschwanden, A, Barthel, A, Bliss, A, Calov, R, Chambers, C, Champollion, N, Choi, Y, Cullather, R, Cuzzone, J, Dumas, C, Felikson, D, Fettweis, X, Fujita, K, Galton-Fenzi, BK, Gladstone, R, Golledge, NR, Greve, R, Hattermann, T, Hoffman, MJ, Humbert, A, Huss, M, Huybrechts, P, Immerzeel, W, Kleiner, T, Kraaijenbrink, P, Le clec’h, S, Lee, V, Leguy, GR, Little, CM, Lowry, DP, Malles, JH, Martin, DF, Maussion, F, Morlighem, M, O’Neill, JF, Nias, I, Pattyn, F, Pelle, T, Price, SF, Quiquet, A, Radić, V, Reese, R, Rounce, DR, Rückamp, M, Sakai, A, Shafer, C, Schlegel, NJ, Shannon, S, Smith, RS, Straneo, F, Sun, S, Tarasov, L, Trusel, LD, Van Breedam, J, van de Wal, RSW, van den Broeke, M, Winkelmann, R, Zekollari, H, Zhao, C, Zhang, T and Zwinger, T (2021) Projected land ice contributions to twenty-first-century sea level rise. Nature, 593(7857). 74-82. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y

59

Ge, H, Zhang, CL, Versteegh, GJ, Chen, LL, Fan, DD, Dong, L and Liu, JJ (2016) Evolution of the East China Sea sedimentary environment in the past 14 kyr: Insights from tetraethers-based proxies. Science China Earth Sciences, 59(5). 927-938. doi:10.1007/s11430-015-5229-9 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Klöcker, R, Ganssen, GM, Jung, SJA, Kroon, D and Henrich, R (2005) Late Quaternary millennial-scale variability in pelagic aragonite preservation off Somalia. Marine Micropaleontology, 59(3-4). 171-183. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2006.02.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Toffanin, F, Agnini, C, Rio, D, Acton, GD and Westerhold, T (2013) Middle Eocene to early Oligocene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy at IODP Site U1333 (equatorial Pacific). Micropaleontology, 59(1). 69-82.

585

Zhao, X, Dupont, LM, Kölling, M, Baqloul, A, Reddad, H and Bouimetarhan, I (2022) Evidence for anthropogenic, climatic and oceanographic variability off southwestern Morocco during the last three millennia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 585. 110723. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110723

580

Klages, JP, Salzmann, U, Bickert, T, Hillenbrand, CD, Gohl, K, Kuhn, G, Bohaty, SM, Titschack, J, Müller, J, Frederichs, T, Bauersachs, T, Ehrmann, W, van de Flierdt, T, Pereira, PS, Larter, RD, Lohmann, G, Niezgodzki, I, Uenzelmann-Neben, G, Zundel, M, Spiegel, C, Mark, C, Chew, D, Francis, JE, Nehrke, G, Schwarz, F, Smith, JA, Freudenthal, T, Esper, O, Pälike, H, Ronge, TA, Dziadek, R and the Science Team of Expedition PS104 (2020) Temperate rainforests near the South Pole during peak Cretaceous warmth. Nature, 580(7801). 81-86. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2148-5

58

Bouimetarhan, I, Prange, M, Schefuß, E, Dupont, LM, Lippold, J, Mulitza, S and Zonneveld, KAF (2012) Sahel megadrought during Heinrich Stadial 1: evidence for a three-phase evolution of the low- and mid-level West African wind system. Quaternary Science Reviews, 58. 66-76. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.10.015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Brandt, A, Bathmann, U, Brix, S, Cisewski, B, Flores, H, Göcke, C, Janussen, D, Krägefsky, S, Kruse, S, Leach, H, Linse, K, Pakhomov, EA, Peeken, I, Riehl, T, Sauter, EJ, Sachs, O, Schüller, M, Schrödl, M, Schwabe, E, Strass, VH, van Franeker, JA and Wilmsen, M (2011) Maud Rise - a snapshot through the water column. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 58(19-20). 1962-1982. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2011.01.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Fontanier, C, Mackensen, A, Jorissen, FJ, Anschutz, P, Licari, L and Griveaud, C (2006) Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes of live benthic foraminifera from the Bay of Biscay: Microhabitat impact and seasonal variability. Marine Micropaleontology, 58(3). 159-183. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2005.09.004

Lohmann, G, Haak, H and Jungclaus, JH (2008) Estimating trends of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation from long-term hydrographic data and model simulations. Ocean Dynamics, 58(2). 127-138. doi:10.1007/s10236-008-0136-7

McCarthy, GD, Brown, PJ, Flagg, CN, Goni, G, Houpert, L, Hughes, CW, Hummels, R, Inall, M, Jochumsen, K, Larsen, KMH, Lherminier, P, Meinen, CS, Moat, BI, Rayner, D, Rhein, M, Roessler, A, Schmid, C and Smeed, DA (2020) Sustainable observations of the AMOC: methodology and technology. Reviews of Geophysics, 58(1). doi:10.1029/2019RG000654

Rhein, M, Kieke, D, Hüttl-Kabus, S, Rößler, A, Mertens, C, Meissner, R, Klein, B, Böning, CW and Yashayaev, I (2011) Deep water formation, the subpolar gyre, and the meridional overturning circulation in the subpolar North Atlantic. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 58(17-18). 1819-1832. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.10.061

Wilke, I, Peeters, FJC and Bickert, T (2006) The influence of seawater carbonate ion concentration [CO32-] on the stable isotope composition of planktic foraminifera species Globorotalia inflata. Marine Micropaleontology, 58(4). 243-258. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2005.11.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

579

Frigola, A, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2021) A dynamic ocean driven by changes in CO2 and Antarctic ice-sheet in the middle Miocene. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 579. 110591. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110591

577

Petersen, J, Titschack, J, Groeneveld, J, Wehrmann, A, Hebbeln, D and Freiwald, A (2021) Reef-building Pacific oysters record seasonal variations in water mass-properties of tidal basins from the Central Wadden Sea (North Sea). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 577. 110534. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110534

570

Jonkers, L, Hillebrand, H and Kucera, M (2019) Global change drives modern plankton communities away from the pre-industrial state. Nature, 570(7761). 372-375. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1230-3

57

Cisewski, B, Strass, VH, Rhein, M and Krägefsky, S (2010) Seasonal variations of diel vertical migration of zooplankton from ADCP backscatter time series data in the Lazarev Sea, Antarctica. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 57(1). 78-94. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.10.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Elbrächter, M, Gottschling, M, Hildebrand-Habel, T, Keupp, H, Kohring, R, Lewis, J, Meier, KJS, Montresor, M, Streng, M, Versteegh, GJM, Willems, H and Zonneveld, KAF (2008) Establishing an Agenda for Calcareous Dinoflagellate Research (Thoracosphaeraceae, Dinophyceae) including a Nomenclatural Synopsis of Generic Names. Taxon, 57(4). 1289-1303. http://www.jstor.org/stable/27756780

Kohn, M and Zonneveld, KAF (2010) Calcification depth and spatial distribution of Thoracosphaera heimii cysts: Implications for palaeoceanographic reconstructions. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 57(12). 1543-1560. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2010.09.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Saavedra-Pellitero, M, Flores Villarejo, JA, Baumann, KH, Boeckel, B and Sierro Sánchez, FJ (2011) Comparison of different preparation and analysis techniques for quantitative coocolith studies focusing on biogeographic patterns of species. Micropaleontology, 57(2). 139-161.

Wörmer, L, Cirés, S, Velázquez, D, Quesada, A and Hinrichs, KU (2012) Cyanobacterial heterocyst glycolipids in cultures and environmental samples: Diversity and biomarker potential. Limnology and Oceanography, 57(6). 1775-1788. doi:10.4319/lo.2012.57.6.1775

568

Nascimento, RA, Venancio, IM, Chiessi, CM, Ballalai, JM, Kuhnert, H, Johnstone, H, Santos, TP, Prange, M, Govin, A, Crivellari, S, Mulitza, S and Albuquerque, ALS (2021) Tropical Atlantic stratification response to late Quaternary precessional forcing. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 568. 117030. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117030

566

Golledge, NR, Keller, ED, Gomez, N, Naughten, KA, Bernales, J, Trusel, LD and Edwards, TL (2019) Global environmental consequences of twenty-first-century ice-sheet melt. Nature, 566(7742). 65-72. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0889-9

565

Wei, B, Mollenhauer, G, Hefter, J, Kusch, S, Grotheer, H, Schefuß, E and Jia, G (2021) The nature, timescale, and efficiency of riverine export of terrestrial organic carbon in the (sub)tropics: Insights at the molecular level from the Pearl River and adjacent coastal sea. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 565. 116934. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2021.116934

560

Caley, T, Extier, T, Collins, JA, Schefuß, E, Dupont, LM, Malaizé, B, Rossignol, L, Souron, A, McClymont, EL, Jiménez-Espejo, FJ, García-Comas, C, Eynaud, F, Martinez, P, Roche, DM, Jorry, SJ, Charlier, K, Wary, M, Gourves, PY, Billy, I and Giraudeau, J (2018) A two-million-year-long hydroclimatic context for hominin evolution in southeastern Africa. Nature, 560(7716). 76-79. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0309-6 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

56

Dima, M and Lohmann, G (2004) Fundamental and derived modes of climate variability. Application to biennial and interannual timescale. Tellus Series A-Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 56(3). 229-249. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2004.00059.x

Jacot des Combes, H and Abelmann, A (2009) From species abundance to opal input: Simple geometric models of radiolarian skeletons from the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 56(5). 757-771. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.12.019 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kieke, D, Klein, B, Stramma, L, Rhein, M and Koltermann, KP (2009) Variability and propagation of Labrador Sea Water in the southern subpolar North Atlantic. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 56(10). 1656-1674. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.05.010

Mertens, C, Rhein, M, Kirchner, K and Walter, M (2009) Modulation of the Inflow into the Caribbean Sea by North Brazil Current Rings. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 56(7). 1057-1076. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.03.002

Reid, PC, Fischer, AC, Lewis-Brown, E, Meredith, MP, Sparrow, M, Andersson, AJ, Antia, AN, Bates, NR, Bathmann, U, Beaugrand, G, Brix, H, Dye, S, Edwards, M, Furevik, T, Gangstø, R, Hátún, H, Hopcroft, RR, Kendall, MA, Kasten, S, Keeling, RF, Le Quéré, C, Mackenzie, FT, Malin, G, Mauritzen, C, Olafsson, J, Paull, CK, Rignot, E, Shimada, K, Vogt, M, Wallace, C, Wang, Z and Washington, R (2009) Impacts of the oceans on climate change. Advances in Marine Biology, 56. 1-150. doi:10.1016/S0065-2881(09)56001-4

Viganò, A, Coxall, HK, Holmström, M, Vinco, M, Lear, CH and Agnini, C (2023) Calcareous nannofossils across the Eocene-Oligocene transition at Site 756 (Ninetyeast Ridge, Indian Ocean): implications for biostratigraphy and paleoceanographic clues. Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 56(2). 187-223. doi:10.1127/nos/2022/0725

Wilke, I, Meggers, H and Bickert, T (2009) Depth habitats and seasonal distributions of recent planktic foraminifers in the Canary Islands region (29°N) based on oxygen isotopes. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 56(1). 89-106. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.08.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zabel, M, Schneider, RR, Wagner, T, Adegbie, AT, de Vries, U and Kolonic, S (2001) Late Quaternary Climate Changes in Central Africa as Inferred from Terrigenous Input to the Niger Fan. Quaternary Research, 56(2). 207-217. doi:10.1006/qres.2001.2261 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

559

Cramwinckel, MJ, Huber, M, Kocken, IJ, Agnini, C, Bijl, PK, Bohaty, SM, Frieling, J, Goldner, A, Hilgen, FJ, Kip, EL, Peterse, F, van der Ploeg, R, Röhl, U, Schouten, S and Sluijs, A (2018) Synchronous tropical and polar temperature evolution in the Eocene. Nature, 559(7714). 382-386. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0272-2

Maier, E, Zhang, X, Abelmann, A, Gersonde, R, Mulitza, S, Werner, M, Méheust, M, Ren, J, Chapligin, B, Meyer, H, Stein, R, Tiedemann, R and Lohmann, G (2018) North Pacific freshwater events linked to changes in glacial ocean circulation. Nature, 559(7713). 241-245. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0276-y PANGAEA Supplementary Data

557

Stärz, M, Gong, X, Stein, R, Darby, DA, Kauker, F and Lohmann, G (2012) Glacial shortcut of Arctic sea-ice transport. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 557. 257-267. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.09.033

55

Arrighetti, F, Teso, V, Brey, T, Mackensen, A and Penchaszadeh, PE (2012) Age and Growth of Olivancillaria deshayesiana (Gastropoda: Olividae) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Malacologia, 55(1). 163-170. doi:10.4002/040.055.0111

Huhn, O, Hellmer, HH, Rhein, M, Rodehacke, C, Roether, W, Schodlok, MP and Schröder, M (2008) Evidence of deep- and bottom-water formation in the western Weddell Sea. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 55(8-9). 1098-1116. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

LeBel, D, Smethie, WM, Rhein, M, Kieke, D, Fine, RA, Bullister, JL, Min, DH, Roether, W, Weiss, RF, Andrié, C, Smythe-Wright, D and Jones, EP (2008) The formation rate of distribution of North Atlantic Deep Water and Eighteen Degree Water calculated from CFC-11 inventories observed during WOCE. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 55(8). 891-910. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.03.009

Licari, L and Mackensen, A (2005) Benthic foraminifera off West Africa (1°N to 32°S): Do live assemblages from the topmost sediment reliably record environmental variability? Marine Micropaleontology, 55(3-4). 205-233. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2005.03.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lohmann, G (2003) Atmospheric and oceanic freshwater transport during weak Atlantik overturning circulation. Tellus Series A-Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 55(5). 438-449. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0870.2003.00028.x

Matul, AG, Abelmann, A, Gersonde, R, Nürnberg, D, Tiedemann, R and Kruglikova, SB (2015) Late quaternary distribution of the Cycladophora davisiana radiolarian species: Reflection of possible ventilation of the North Pacific intermediate water during the Last Glacial Maximum. Oceanology, 55(1). 91-99. doi:10.1134/S0001437015010130

Southon, J, Mohtadi, M and de Pol-Holz, R (2013) Planktic Foram Dates from the Indonesian Arc: Marine 14C Reservoir Ages and a Mythical AD 535 Volcanic Eruption. Radiocarbon, 55(2-3). 1164-1172. doi:10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16384 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stöber, U, Walter, M, Mertens, C and Rhein, M (2008) Mixing estimates from hydrographic measurements in the Deep Western Boundary Current of the North Atlantic. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 55(6). 721-736. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.03.006

Zaric, S, Donner, B, Fischer, G, Mulitza, S and Wefer, G (2005) Sensitivity of planktic foraminifera to sea surface temperature and export production as derived from sediment trap data. Marine Micropaleontology, 55(1-2). 75-105. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2005.01.002

548

Brocks, JJ, Jarrett, AJM, Sirantoine, E, Hallmann, C, Hoshino, Y and Liyanage, T (2017) The rise of algae in Cryogenian oceans and the emergence of animals. Nature, 548(7669). 578-581. doi:10.1038/nature23457

Gutjahr, M, Ridgwell, A, Sexton, PF, Anagnostou, E, Pearson, PN, Pälike, H, Norris, RD, Thomas, E and Foster, GL (2017) Very large release of mostly volcanic carbon during the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. Nature, 548(7669). 573-577. doi:10.1038/nature23646

545

Rivero-Cuesta, L, Westerhold, T and Alegret, L (2020) The Late Lutetian Thermal Maximum (middle Eocene): first record of deep-sea benthic foraminiferal response. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 545. 109637. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109637

Sabino, M, Schefuß, E, Natalicchio, M, Dela Pierre, F, Birgel, D, Bortels, D, Schnetger, B and Peckmann, JL (2020) Climatic and hydrologic variability in the northern Mediterranean across the onset of the Messinian salinity crisis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 545. 109632. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109632

54

Berger, A, Crucifix, M, Hodell, DA, Mangili, C, McManus, JF, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Pol, K, Raynaud, D, Skinner, LC, Tzedakis, PC, Wolff, EW, Yin, QZ, Abe-Ouchi, A, Barbante, C, Brovkin, V, Cacho, I, Capron, E, Ferretti, P, Ganopolski, A, Grimalt, JO, Hönisch, B, Kawamura, K, Landais, A, Margari, V, Martrat, B, Masson-Delmotte, V, Mokeddem, Z, Parrenin, F, Prokopenko, AA, Rashid, H, Schulz, M and Riveiros, NV (2016) Interglacials of the last 800,000 years. Reviews of Geophysics, 54(1). 162-219. doi:10.1002/2015RG000482

Berger, WH (2007) Cenozoic cooling, Antarctic nutrient pump, and the evolution of whales. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 54(21-22). 2399-2421. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.07.024

Steinfeldt, R, Rhein, M and Walter, M (2007) NADW transformation at the western boundary between 66°W/20°N and 60°W/10°N. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 54(6). 835-855. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2007.03.004

Swärd, H, Andersson, P, Hilton, R, Vogt, C and O’Regan, M (2022) Mineral and isotopic (Nd, Sr) signature of fine-grained deglacial and Holocene sediments from the Mackenzie Trough, Arctic Canada. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 54(1). 346-367. doi:10.1080/15230430.2022.2096425

Ziveri, P, de Bernardi, B, Baumann, KH, Stoll, HM and Mortyn, PG (2007) Sinking of coccolith carbonate and potential contribution to organic carbon ballasting in the deep ocean. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 54(5-7). 659-675. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.01.006

536

Tian, Q, Prange, M and Merkel, U (2016) Precipitation and temperature changes in the major Chinese river basins during 1957–2013 and links to sea surface temperature. Journal of Hydrology, 536. 208-221. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.02.048

533

Mohtadi, M, Prange, M and Steinke, S (2016) Palaeoclimatic insights into forcing and response of monsoon rainfall. Nature, 533(7602). 191-199. doi:10.1038/nature17450

53

Boeckel, B, Baumann, KH, Henrich, R and Kinkel, H (2006) Distribution of coccoliths in South Atlantic and Southern Ocean surface sediments in relation to environmental gradients. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 53(6). 1073-1099. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2005.11.006

Eberwein, A and Mackensen, A (2006) Regional primary productivity differences off Morocco (NW-Africa) recorded by modern benthic foraminifera and their stable carbon isotopic composition. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 53(8). 1379-1405. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2006.04.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Filipsson, HL, Nordberg, K and Gustafsson, M (2004) Seasonal study of d18O and d13C in living (stained) benthic foraminifera from two Swedish fjords. Marine Micropaleontology, 53(1-2). 159-172. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2004.05.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Gou, R, Li, P, Wiegand, KN, Pennelly, C, Kieke, D and Myers, PG (2023) Variability of eddy formation off the west Greenland coast from a 1/60° model. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 53(10). 2475-2490. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-23-0004.1

Kanzow, T, Send, U, Zenk, W, Chave, AD and Rhein, M (2006) Monitoring the integrated deep meridional flow in the Tropical North Atlantic: Long-term performance of a geostrophic array. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 53(3). 528-546. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2005.12.007

Kilian, R and Lamy, F (2012) A review of Glacial and Holocene paleoclimate records from southernmost Patagonia (49-55°S). Quaternary Science Reviews, 53. 1-23. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.07.017

Klus, A, Prange, M, Varma, V and Schulz, M (2019) Spatial analysis of early-warning signals for a North Atlantic climate transition in a coupled GCM. Climate Dynamics, 53(1-2). 97-113. doi:10.1007/s00382-018-4567-7

Ovsepyan, EA, Ivanova, EV, Max, L, Riethdorf, JR, Nürnberg, D and Tiedemann, R (2013) Late quaternary oceanographic conditions in the Western Bering Sea. Oceanology, 53(2). 211-222. doi:10.1134/S0001437013020136

Susek, E, Zonneveld, KAF, Fischer, G, Versteegh, GJM and Willems, H (2005) Organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts production in relation to upwelling intensity and lithogenic influx in the Cape Blanc region (off north-west Africa). Phycological Journal, 53(2). 97-112. doi:10.1111/j.440-183.2005.00377

529

Vahlenkamp, M, De Vleeschouwer, D, Batenburg, SJ, Edgar, KM, Hanson, E, Martinez, M, Pälike, H, MacLeod, KG, Li, YX, Richter, C, Bogus, K, Hobbs, RW and Huber, BT (2020) A lower to middle Eocene astrochronology for the Mentelle Basin (Australia) and its implications for the geologic time scale. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 529. 115865. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115865

525

Galeotti, S, Sahy, D, Agnini, C, Condon, D, Fornaciari, E, Francescone, F, Giusberti, L, Pälike, H, Spofforth, DJA and Rio, D (2019) Astrochronology and radio-isotopic dating of the Alano di Piave section (NE Italy), candidate GSSP for the Priabonian Stage (late Eocene). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 525. 115746. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115746

52

Baumann, KH and Freitag, T (2004) Pleistocene fluctuations in the northern Benguela Current system as revealed by coccolith assemblages. Marine Micropaleontology, 52(1-4). 195-215. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2004.04.011

Bleil, U and Dillon, M (2008) Holocene Earth's magnetic field variations recorded in marine sediments of the NW African continental margin. Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica, 52(2). 133-155. doi:10.1007/s11200-008-0010-6 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Bockelmann, FD, Zonneveld, KAF and Schmidt, M (2007) Assessing environmental control on dinoflagellate cyst distribution in surface sediments of the Benguela upwelling region (eastern South Atlantic). Limnology and Oceanography, 52(6). 2582-2594. doi:10.4319/lo.2007.52.6.2582

Mudelsee, M, Bickert, T, Lear, CH and Lohmann, G (2014) Cenozoic climate changes: A review based on time series analysis of marine benthic δ18O records. Reviews of Geophysics, 52(3). 333-374. doi:10.1002/2013RG000440 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rhein, M, Kirchner, K, Mertens, C, Steinfeldt, R, Walter, M and Fleischmann-Wischnath, U (2005) Transport of South Atlantic Water through the Passages south of Guadeloupe and across 16°N, 2000-2004. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 52(12). 2234-2249. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2005.08.003

Rhein, M and Stramma, L (2005) Seasonal variability in the Deep Western Boundary Current around the eastern tip of Brazil. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 52(8). 1414-1428. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2005.03.004

Stramma, L, Rhein, M, Brandt, P, Dengler, M, Böning, CW and Walter, M (2005) Upper ocean circulation in the western tropical Atlantic in boreal fall 2000. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 52(2). 221-240. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2004.07.021

Weiser, J, Titschack, J and Hebbeln, D (2023) The deglaciation of Upernavik trough, West Greenland, and its Holocene sediment infill: processes and provenance. Boreas, 52(3). 314-340. doi:10.1111/bor.12626

519

Crivellari, S, Chiessi, CM, Kuhnert, H, Häggi, C, Mollenhauer, G, Hefter, J, Portilho-Ramos, R, Schefuß, E and Mulitza, S (2019) Thermal response of the western tropical Atlantic to slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 519. 120-129. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.05.006

512

Zhang, X, Lohmann, G, Knorr, G and Purcell, C (2014) Abrupt glacial climate shifts controlled by ice sheet changes. Nature, 512(7514). 290-294. doi:10.1038/nature13592

510

Weber, ME, Clark, PU, Kuhn, G, Timmermann, A, Sprenk, D, Gladstone, R, Zhang, X, Lohmann, G, Menviel, L, Chikamoto, MO, Friedrich, T and Ohlwein, C (2014) Millennial-scale variability in Antarctic ice-sheet discharge during the last deglaciation. Nature, 510(7503). 134-138. doi:10.1038/nature13397 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

51

Batenburg, SJ, Friedrich, O, Kazuyoshi, M, Voigt, S, Cournède, C, Moebius, I, Blum, P, Bornemann, A, Fiebig, J, Hasegawa, T, Hull, PM, Norris, RD, Röhl, U, Sexton, PF, Westerhold, T, Wilson, PA and IODP Expedition 342 Scientists (2018) Late Maastrichtian carbon isotope stratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy of the Newfoundland Margin (Site U1403, IODP Leg 342). Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 51(2). 245-260. doi:10.1127/nos/2017/0398

Boeckel, B and Baumann, KH (2004) Distribution of coccoliths in surface sediments of the south-eastern South Atlantic Ocean: ecology, preservation and carbonate contribution. Marine Micropaleontology, 51(3-4). 301-320. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2004.01.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Georgiou, N, Stocchi, P, Casella, E and Rovere, A (2024) Decoding the interplay between tidal notch geometry and sea‐level variability during the Last Interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e) high stand. Geophysical Research Letters, 51(6). doi:10.1029/2023GL106829

Langer, G, Gussone, N, Nehrke, G, Riebesell, U, Eisenhauer, A, Kuhnert, H, Rost, B, Trimborn, S and Thoms, S (2006) Coccolith strontium to calcium ratios in Emiliania huxleyi: The dependence on seawater strontium and calcium concentrations. Limnology and Oceanography, 51(1). 310-320. doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1.0310

Marchant, M, Hebbeln, D, Giglio, S, Coloma, C and Gonzalez, H (2004) Seasonal and interannual variations in the flux patterns of planktic foraminifera in the Humboldt Current off central Chile (30°S). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 51(20-21). 2441-2455. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.08.013

Schefuß, E, Versteegh, GJM, Jansen, JHF and Sinninghe Damsté, JS (2004) Lipid biomarkers as major source and preservation indicators in SE Atlantic surface sediments. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 51(9). 1199-1228. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2004.05.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schmiedl, G, Pfeilsticker, M, Hemleben, C and Mackensen, A (2004) Environmental and biological effects on the stable isotope composition of recent deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the western Mediterranean Sea. Marine Micropaleontology, 51(1-2). 129-152. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2003.10.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Seeberg-Elverfeldt, IA, Lange, CB and Pätzold, J (2004) Preservation of siliceous microplankton in surface sediments of the Northern Red Sea. Marine Micropaleontology, 51(3-4). 193-211. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2003.10.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stramma, L, Kieke, D, Rhein, M, Schott, FA, Yashayaev, I and Koltermann, KP (2004) Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 51(8). 1033-1056. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001

West, B, Jansen, JHF and Stuut, JB (2004) Surface water conditions in the Northern Benguela region (SE Atlantic) during the last 450 ky reconstructed from assemblages of planktonic foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology, 51(3-4). 321-344. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2004.01.004

509

Mohtadi, M, Prange, M, Oppo, DW, de Pol-Holz, R, Merkel, U, Zhang, X, Steinke, S and Lückge, A (2014) North Atlantic forcing of tropical Indian Ocean climate. Nature, 509(7498). 76-80. doi:10.1038/nature13196 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

506

Dziadek, R, Gohl, K and Kaul, N (2019) Elevated geothermal surface heat flow in the Amundsen Sea Embayment, West Antarctica. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 506. 530-539. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.11.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

505

Bayon, G, Schefuß, E, Dupont, LM, Borges, AV, Dennielou, B, Lambert, T, Mollenhauer, G, Monin, L, Ponzevera, E, Skonieczny, C and André, L (2019) The roles of climate and human land-use in the late Holocene rainforest crisis of Central Africa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 505. 30-41. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.10.016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

500

De Vleeschouwer, D, Auer, G, Smith, R, Bogus, K, Christensen, B, Groeneveld, J, Petrick, B, Henderiks, J, Castañeda, IS, O'Brien, E, Ellinghausen, M, Gallagher, SJ, Fulthorpe, CS and Pälike, H (2018) The amplifying effect of Indonesian Throughflow heat transport on Late Pliocene Southern Hemisphere climate cooling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 500. 15-27. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.07.035 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

50

Bogus, K, Mertens, KN, Lauwaert, J, Harding, IC, Vrielinck, H, Zonneveld, KAF and Versteegh, GJM (2014) Differences in the chemical composition of organic-walled dinoflagellate resting cysts from phototrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates. Journal of Phycology, 50(2). 254-266. doi:10.1111/jpy.12170

Eden, C, Pollmann, F and Olbers, D (2020) Towards a global spectral energy budget for internal gravity waves in the ocean. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 50(4). 935-944. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-19-0022.1

Kwiecien, O, Arz, HW, Lamy, F, Wulf, S, Bahr, A, Röhl, U and Haug, GH (2008) Estimated reservoir ages of the Black Sea since the Last Glacial. Radiocarbon, 50(1). 99-118.

Olbers, D, Pollmann, F and Eden, C (2020) On PSI interactions in internal gravity wave fields and the decay of baroclinic tides. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 50(3). 751-771. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-19-0224.1

Vink, A (2004) Calcareous dinoflagellate cysts in South and equatorial Atlantic surface sediments: diversity, distribution, ecology and potential for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Marine Micropaleontology, 50(1-2). 43-88. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(03)00067-7

Weinkauf, MFG, Zwick, MM and Kučera, M (2020) Constraining the role of shell porosity in the regulation of shell calcification intensity in the modern planktonic foraminifer Orbulina Universa d'Orbigny. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 50(2). 195-203. doi:10.2113/gsjfr.50.2.195

Wett, S, Rhein, M, Kieke, D, Mertens, C and Moritz, M (2023) Meridional connectivity of a 25‐year observational AMOC record at 47°N. Geophysical Research Letters, 50(16). doi:10.1029/2023GL103284

Zonneveld, KAF (2004) Potential use of stable oxygen isotope composition of Thoracasphaera heimii for upper water column (thermocline) temperature reconstruction. Marine Micropaleontology, 50(3-4). 307-317. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(03)00097-5 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

5

Azam, F, Bramstedt, K, Rozanov, A, Weigel, K, Bovensmann, H, Stiller, GP and Burrows, JP (2012) SCIAMACHY lunar occulation water vapor measurements: retrieval and validation results. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 5. 2499-2513. doi:10.5194/amt-5-2499-2012

De Schepper, S and Head, MJ (2008) Age calibration of dinoflagellate cyst and acritarch events in the Plio-Pleistocene of the eastern North Atlantic (DSDP Hole 610A). Stratigraphy, 5(2). 137-161.

Felis, T, McGregor, HV, Linsley, BK, Tudhope, AW, Gagan, MK, Suzuki, A, Inoue, M, Thomas, AL, Esat, TM, Thompson, WG, Tiwari, M, Potts, DC, Mudelsee, M, Yokoyama, Y and Webster, JM (2014) Intensification of the meridional temperature gradient in the Great Barrier Reef following the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature Communications, 5. 4102. doi:10.1038/ncomms5102 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Fraile, I, Schulz, M, Mulitza, S and Kucera, M (2008) Predicting the global distribution of planktonic foraminifera using a dynamic ecosystem model. Biogeosciences, 5. 891-911. doi:10.5194/bg-5-891-2008

Langebroek, PM, Paul, A and Schulz, M (2009) Antarctic ice-sheet response to atmospheric CO2 and insolation in the Middle Miocene. Climate of the Past, 5(4). 633-646. doi:10.5194/cp-5-633-2009

Rathmann, S, Hess, S, Kuhnert, H and Mulitza, S (2004) Mg/Ca ratios of the benthic foraminifera Oridorsalis umbonatus obtained by laser ablation from core top sediments: Relationship to bottom water temperatures. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 5(12). Q12013. doi:10.1029/2004GC000808 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rillo, MC, Kucera, M, Ezard, THG and Miller, CG (2019) Surface sediment samples from early age of seafloor exploration can provide a late 19th century baseline of the marine environment. Frontiers in Marine Science, 5. doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00517

Sadatzki, H, Dokken, TM, Berben, SMP, Muschitiello, F, Stein, R, Fahl, K, Menviel, L, Timmermann, A and Jansen, E (2019) Sea ice variability in the southern Norwegian Sea during glacial Dansgaard-Oeschger climate cycles. Science Advances, 5(3). eaau6174. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aau6174 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sarnthein, M, Bartoli, G, Prange, M, Schmittner, A, Schneider, B, Weinelt, M, Andersen, N and Garbe-Schönberg, CD (2009) Mid-Pliocene shifts in ocean overturning circulation and the onset of Quaternary-style climates. Climate of the Past, 5. 269-283. doi:10.5194/cp-5-269-2009 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Scussolini, P, Bakker, P, Guo, C, Stepanek, C, Zhang, Q, Braconnot, P, Cao, J, Guarino, MV, Coumou, D, Prange, M, Ward, PJ, Renssen, H, Kageyama, M, Otto-Bliesner, B and Aerts, JCJH (2019) Agreement between reconstructed and modeled boreal precipitation of the Last Interglacial. Science Advances, 5(11). eaax7047. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax7047

Stepanek, C and Lohmann, G (2012) Modelling mid-Pliocene climate with COSMOS. Geoscientific Model Development, 5. 1221-1243. doi:10.5194/gmd-5-1221-2012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wefer, G and Berger, WH (2001) Reconstruction of productivity from the sedimentary record. In: Steele, JH, Turekian, KK and Thorpe , SA (eds.) Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences. Elsevier Inc., 333-343. ISBN 978-0-12-374473-9 doi:10.1016/B978-012374473-9.00251-4

Westerhold, T and Röhl, U (2009) High resolution cyclostratigraphy of the early Eocene - new insights into the origin of the Cenozoic cooling trend. Climate of the Past, 5. 309-327. doi:10.5194/cp-5-309-2009 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Xu, X, Butzin, M and Lohmann, G (2012) Water isotope variations in the global ocean model MPI-OM. Geoscientific Model Development, 5. 809-818. doi:10.5194/gmd-5-809-2012

498

Vahlenkamp, M, Niezgodzki, I, De Vleeschouwer, D, Lohmann, G, Bickert, T and Pälike, H (2018) Ocean and climate response to North Atlantic seaway changes at the onset of long-term Eocene cooling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 498. 185-195. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.06.031 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

496

Mollenhauer, G, Grotheer, H, Gentz, T, Bonk, E and Hefter, J (2021) Standard operation procedures and performance of the MICADAS radiocarbon laboratory at Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), Germany. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 496. 45-51. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2021.03.016

495

Meckler, AN, Sigman, DM, Gibson, KA, Francois, R, Martinez-Garcia, A, Jaccard, SL, Röhl, U, Peterson, LC, Tiedemann, R and Haug, GH (2013) Deglacial pulses of deep-ocean silicate into the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Nature, 495(7442). 495-498. doi:10.1038/nature12006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Scheiner, F, Holcová, K, Milovský, R and Kuhnert, H (2018) Temperature and isotopic composition of seawater in the epicontinental sea (Central Paratethys) during the Middle Miocene Climate Transition based on Mg/Ca, δ18O and δ13C from foraminiferal tests. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 495. 60-71. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.12.027 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

494

Huang, E, Chen, Y, Schefuß, E, Steinke, S, Liu, JJ, Tian, J, Martínez-Méndez, G and Mohtadi, M (2018) Precession and glacial-cycle controls of monsoon precipitation isotope changes over East Asia during the Pleistocene. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 494. 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.04.046 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

492

Petrick, B, McClymont, EL, Littler, K, Rosell-Melé, A, Clarkson, MO, Maslin, M, Röhl, U, Shevenell, AE and Pancost, RD (2018) Oceanographic and climatic evolution of the southeastern subtropical Atlantic over the last 3.5 Ma. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 492. 12-21. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.03.054

Sawakuchi, AO, Jain, M, Mineli, TD, Nogueira, L, Bertassoli, DJ, Häggi, C, Sawakuchi, HO, Pupim, FN, Grohmann, CH, Chiessi, CM, Zabel, M, Mulitza, S, Mazoca, CEM and Cunha, DF (2018) Luminescence of quartz and feldspar fingerprints provenance and correlates with the source area denudation in the Amazon River basin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 492. 152-162. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.04.006

491

Rohling, EJ, Sluijs, A, Köhler, P, van de Wal, RSW, von der Heydt, AS, Beerling, DJ, Berger, A, Bijl, PK, Crucifix, M, DeConto, RM, Drijfhout, SS, Fedorov, A, Foster, GL, Ganopolski, A, Hansen, J, Hönisch, B, Hooghiemstra, H, Huber, M, Huybers, P, Knutti, R, Lea, DW, Lourens, LJ, Lunt, D, Masson-Delmotte, V, Medina-Elizalde, M, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Pagani, M, Pälike, H, Renssen, H, Royer, M, Siddall, M, Valdes, P, Zachos, JC and Zeebe, RE (2012) Making sense of palaeoclimate sensitivity. Nature, 491. 683-691. doi:10.1038/nature11574

490

Howe, JNW, Huang, KF, Oppo, DW, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Blusztajn, J and Piotrowski, AM (2018) Similar mid-depth Atlantic water mass provenance during the Last Glacial Maximum and Heinrich Stadial 1. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 490. 51-61. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.03.006

49

Andrié, C, Rhein, M, Freudenthal, C and Plähn, O (2002) CFC time series in the deep water masses of the western tropical Atlantic, 1990-1999. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 49(2). 281-304. doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(01)00053-X

Danek, C, Scholz, P and Lohmann, G (2019) Effects of high resolution and spinup time on modeled North Atlantic circulation. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 49(5). 1159-1181. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-18-0141.1

Eden, C, Chouksey, M and Olbers, D (2019) Gravity wave emission by shear instability. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 49(9). 2393-2406. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-19-0029.1

Eden, C, Chouksey, M and Olbers, D (2019) Mixed Rossby–gravity wave–wave interactions. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 49(1). 291-308. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-18-0074.1

Eden, C, Pollmann, F and Olbers, D (2019) Numerical evaluation of energy transfers in internal gravity wave spectra of the ocean. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 49(3). 737-749. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-18-0075.1

Felis, T, Hinestrosa, G, Köhler, P and Webster, JM (2022) Role of the deglacial buildup of the Great Barrier Reef for the Global carbon cycle. Geophysical Research Letters, 49(4). e2021GL096495. doi:10.1029/2021GL096495

Freudenthal, T, Meggers, H, Henderiks, J, Kuhlmann, H, Moreno, A and Wefer, G (2002) Upwelling intensity and filament activity off Morocco during the last 250,000 years. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 49(17). 3655-3674. doi:10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00101-7 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Meggers, H, Freudenthal, T, Nave, SO, Targarona, J, Abrantes, FF and Helmke, P (2002) Assessment of geochemical and micropaleontological sedimentary parameters as proxies of surface water properties in the Canary Islands region. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 49(17). 3631-3654. doi:10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00103-0 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Munz, PM, Lückge, A, Siccha, M, Böll, A, Forke, S, Kucera, M and Schulz, H (2017) The Indian winter monsoon and its response to external forcing over the last two and a half centuries. Climate Dynamics, 49(5-6). 1801-1812. doi:10.1007/s00382-016-3403-1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rimbu, N, Ionita, M and Lohmann, G (2022) Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation in northern Greenland dust concentration variability during the last 400 years. Geophysical Research Letters, 49(24). doi:10.1029/2022GL101500

Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G, Werner, M and Ionita, M (2017) Links between central Greenland stable isotopes, blocking and extreme climate variability over Europe at decadal to multidecadal time scales. Climate Dynamics, 49(1-2). 649-663. doi:10.1007/s00382-016-3365-3

Schlitzer, R (2002) Carbon export fluxes in the Southern Ocean: results from inverse modeling and comparison with satellite based estimates. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 49(9-10). 1623-1644. doi:10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00004-8

Zhai, R, Mohtadi, M, Dolman, AM, Yokoyama, Y and Steinke, S (2022) Intensification of the East Australian Current After ∼1400 CE. Geophysical Research Letters, 49(24). doi:10.1029/2022GL100945

Zhang, P, Ionita, M, Lohmann, G, Chen, D and Linderholm, HW (2017) Can tree-ring density data reflect summer temperature extremes and associated circulation patterns over Fennoscandia? Climate Dynamics, 49(7-8). 2721-2736. doi:10.1007/s00382-016-3452-5

488

Pross, J, Contreras, L, Bijl, PK, Greenwood, DR, Bohaty, SM, Schouten, S, Bendle, JA, Röhl, U, Tauxe, L, Raine, JI, Huck, CE, van de Flierdt, T, Jamieson, SSR, Stickley, CE, van de Schootbrugge, B, Escutia, C, Brinkhuis, H and IODP Expedition 318 Scientists (2012) Persistent near-tropical warmth on the Antarctic continent during the early Eocene epoch. Nature, 488(7409). 73-77. doi:10.1038/nature11300 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Pälike, H, Lyle, MW, Nishi, H, Raffi, I, Ridgwell, A, Gamage, K, Klaus, A, Acton, GD, Anderson, L, Backman, J, Baldauf, JG, Beltran, C, Bohaty, SM, Bown, PR, Busch, WH, Channell, JET, Chun, COJ, Delaney, ML, Dewang, P, Dunkley Jones, T, Edgar, KM, Evans, HF, Fitch, P, Foster, GL, Gussone, N, Hasegawa, H, Hathorne, EC, Hayashi, H, Herrle, JO, Holbourn, AEL, Hovan, SA, Hyeong, K, Iijima, K, Ito, T, Kamikuri, SI, Kimoto, K, Kuroda, J, Leon-Rodriguez, L, Malinverno, A, Moore, TC, Murphy, B, Murphy, DP, Nakamur, H, Ogane, K, Ohneiser, C, Richter, C, Robinson, RS, Rohling, EJ, Romero, OE, Sawada, K, Scher, HD, Schneider, L, Sluijs, A, Takata, H, Tian, J, Tsujimoto, A, Wade, BS, Westerhold, T, Wilkens, RH, Williams, T, Wilson, PA, Yamamoto, Y, Yamamoto, S, Yamazaki, T and Zeebe, RE (2012) A Cenozoic record of the equatorial Pacific carbonate compensation depth. Nature, 488. 609-614. doi:10.1038/nature11360 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

487

Raitzsch, M, Bijma, J, Benthien, A, Richter, KU, Steinhoefel, G and Kucera, M (2018) Boron isotope-based seasonal paleo-pH reconstruction for the Southeast Atlantic – A multispecies approach using habitat preference of planktonic foraminifera. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 487. 138-150. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.02.002

486

Boulila, S, Vahlenkamp, M, De Vleeschouwer, D, Laskar, J, Yamamoto, Y, Pälike, H, Kirtland Turner, S, Sexton, PF, Westerhold, T and Röhl, U (2018) Towards a robust and consistent middle Eocene astronomical timescale. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 486. 94-107. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.01.003

484

Vahlenkamp, M, Niezgodzki, I, De Vleeschouwer, D, Bickert, T, Harper, D, Kirtland Turner, S, Lohmann, G, Sexton, PF, Zachos, JC and Pälike, H (2018) Astronomically paced changes in deep-water circulation in the western North Atlantic during the middle Eocene. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 484. 329-340. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.12.016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

482

Gray, WR, Weldeab, S, Lea, DW, Rosenthal, Y, Gruber, N, Donner, B and Fischer, G (2018) The effects of temperature, salinity, and the carbonate system on Mg/Ca in Globigerinoides ruber (white): A global sediment trap calibration. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 482. 607-620. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.11.026 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

481

Dupont, LM and Schefuß, E (2018) The roles of fire in Holocene ecosystem changes of West Africa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 481. 255-263. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.10.049 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

480

Schefuß, E, Kuhlmann, H, Mollenhauer, G, Prange, M and Pätzold, J (2011) Forcing of south-east African wet phases during the last 17,000 years. Nature, 480(7378). 509-512. doi:10.1038/nature10685 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

48

Mackensen, A (2001) Oxygen and carbon stable isotope tracers of Weddell Sea water masses: new data and some paleoceanographic implications. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 48(6). 1401-1422. doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(00)00093-5 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Romero, OE and Hebbeln, D (2003) Biogenic silica and diatom thanatocoenosis in surface sediments below the Peru-Chile Current: controlling mechanisms and relationship with productivity of surface waters. Marine Micropaleontology, 48(1-2). 71-90. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(02)00161-5 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Romero, OE, Hebbeln, D and Wefer, G (2001) Temporal and spatial variability in export production in the SE Pacific Ocean: evidence from siliceous plankton fluxes and surface sediment assemblages. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 48(12). 2673-2697. doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(01)00037-1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sutherland, R, Dickens, GR, Blum, P, Agnini, C, Alegret, L, Asatryan, G, Bhattacharya, J, Bordenave, A, Chang, L, Collot, J, Cramwinckel, MJ, Dallanave, E, Drake, MK, Etienne, SJG, Giorgioni, M, Gurnis, M, Harper, DT, Huang, HHM, Keller, AL, Lam, AR, Li, H, Matsui, H, Morgans, HEG, Newsam, C, Park, YH, Pascher, KM, Pekar, SF, Penman, DE, Saito, S, Stratford, WR, Westerhold, T and Zhou, X (2020) Continental-scale geographic change across Zealandia during Paleogene subduction initiation. Geology, 48(5). 419-424. doi:10.1130/g47008.1

Thienemann, M, Kusch, S, Vogel, H, Ritter, B, Schefuß, E and Rethemeyer, J (2019) Neoglacial transition of atmospheric circulation patterns over Fennoscandia recorded in Holocene Lake Torneträsk sediments. Boreas, 48(2). 287-298. doi:10.1111/bor.12365

Wang, S, Wang, Q, Shu, Q, Song, Z, Lohmann, G, Danilov, S and Qiao, F (2021) Nonmonotonic change of the Arctic Ocean freshwater storage capability in a warming climate. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(10). doi:10.1029/2020GL090951

Zeeden, C, Hilgen, F, Röhl, U, Seelos, K and Lourens, L (2015) Sediment color as a tool in cyclostratigraphy - a new application for improved data acquisition and correction from drill cores. Newsletter on Stratigraphy, 48(3). 277-285. doi:10.1127/nos/2015/0064 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zemp, M and Marzeion, B (2021) Dwindling relevance of large volcanic eruptions for global glacier changes in the Anthropocene. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(14). doi:10.1029/2021GL092964

Zonneveld, KAF, Hoek, RP, Brinkhuis, H and Willems, H (2001) Geographical distributions of organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in surficial sediments of the Benguela upwelling region and their relationship to upper ocean conditions. Progress in Oceanography, 48(1). 25-72. doi:10.1016/S0079-6611(00)00047-1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

479

Häggi, C, Chiessi, CM, Merkel, U, Mulitza, S, Prange, M, Schulz, M and Schefuß, E (2017) Response of the Amazon rainforest to late Pleistocene climate variability. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 479. 50-59. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.09.013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

478

Hein, CJ, Galy, V, Galy, A, France-Lanord, C, Kudrass, H and Schwenk, T (2017) Post-glacial climate forcing of surface processes in the Ganges–Brahmaputra river basin and implications for carbon sequestration. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 478. 89-101. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.08.013

475

Drury, AJ, Westerhold, T, Frederichs, T, Tian, J, Wilkens, R, Channell, JET, Evans, H, John, CM, Lyle, M and Röhl, U (2017) Late Miocene climate and time scale reconcilation: Accurate orbital calibration from a deep-sea perspective. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 475. 254-266. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.07.038 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Walliser, EO, Lohmann, G, Niezgodzki, I and Schöne, BR (2017) Inter-annual climate variability in Europe during the Oligocene icehouse. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 475. 140-153. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.03.020 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

473

Lorscheid, T, Stocchi, P, Casella, E, Gómez-Pujol, L, Vacchi, M, Mann, T and Rovere, A (2017) Paleo sea-level changes and relative sea-level indicators: Precise measurements, indicative meaning and glacial isostatic adjustment perspectives from Mallorca (Western Mediterranean). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 473. 94-107. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.02.028

471

Laepple, T, Werner, M and Lohmann, G (2011) Synchronicity of Antarctic temperatures and local solar insolation on orbital timescales. Nature, 471(7336). 91-94. doi:10.1038/nature09825

Raddatz, J, Nürnberg, D, Tiedemann, R and Rippert, N (2017) Southeastern marginal West Pacific Warm Pool sea-surface and thermocline dynamics during the Pleistocene (2.5–0.5 Ma). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 471. 144-156. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.01.024

Sexton, PF, Norris, RD, Wilson, PA, Pälike, H, Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, Bolton, CT and Gibbs, S (2011) Eocene global warming events driven by ventilation of oceanic dissolved organic carbon. Nature, 471. 349-352. doi:10.1038/nature09826 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

47

Agnini, C, Fornaciari, E, Raffi, I, Catanzariti, R, Pälike, H, Backman, J and Rio, D (2014) Biozonation and biochronology of Paleogene calcareous nannofossils from low and middle latitudes. Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 47(2). 131-181. doi:10.1127/0078-0421/2014/0042

Bartels, M, Titschack, J, Fahl, K, Stein, R and Hebbeln, D (2018) Wahlenbergfjord, eastern Svalbard: a glacier-surrounded fjord reflecting regional hydrographic variability during the Holocene? Boreas, 47(4). 1003-1021. doi:10.1111/bor.12325 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Bernhardt, A, Oelze, M, Bouchez, J, von Blanckenburg, F, Mohtadi, M, Christl, M and Wittmann, H (2020) 10Be/9Be ratios reveal marine authigenic clay formation. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(4). doi:10.1029/2019GL086061

Blomdin, R, Stroeven, AP, Harbor, JM, Gribenski, N, Caffee, MW, Heyman, J, Rogozhina, I, Ivanov, MN, Petrakov, DA, Walther, M, Rudoy, AN, Zhang, W, Orkhonselenge, A, Hättestrand, C, Lifton, NA and Jansson, KN (2018) Timing and dynamics of glaciation in the Ikh Turgen Mountains, Altai region, High Asia. Quaternary Geochronology, 47. 54-71. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2018.05.008

Coughlan, M, Fleischer, M, Wheeler, AJ, Hepp, DA, Hebbeln, D and Mörz, T (2017) A revised stratigraphical framework for the Quaternary deposits of the German North Sea sector: a geological-geotechnical approach. Boreas, 47(1). 80-105. doi:10.1111/bor.12253

Does, M, Brummer, GJA, Crimpen, FCJ, Korte, LF, Mahowald, NM, Merkel, U, Yu, H, Zuidema, P and Stuut, JBW (2020) Tropical rains controlling deposition of Saharan dust across the North Atlantic Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(5). doi:10.1029/2019GL086867

Eden, C and Olbers, D (2017) A closure for internal wave–mean flow interaction. Part II: wave drag. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 47(6). 1403-1412. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-16-0056.1

Ludwigsen, CA, Khan, SA, Andersen, OB and Marzeion, B (2020) Vertical land motion from present‐day deglaciation in the wider Arctic. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(19). doi:10.1029/2020GL088144

Pollmann, F, Eden, C and Olbers, D (2017) Evaluating the global internal wave model IDEMIX using finestructure methods. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 47(9). 2267-2289. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-16-0204.1

Vogts, A, Schefuß, E, Badewien, T and Rullkötter, J (2012) n-Alkane parameters from a deep sea sediment transect off Southwest Africa reflect continental vegetation and climate conditions. Organic Geochemistry, 47. 109-119. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2012.03.011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

466

Hemingway, JD, Schefuß, E, Spencer, RGM, Dinga, BJ, Eglinton, TI, McIntyre, C and Galy, VV (2017) Hydrologic controls on seasonal and inter-annual variability of Congo River particulate organic matter source and reservoir age. Chemical Geology, 466. 454-465. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.06.034 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mulitza, S, Heslop, D, Pittauerová, D, Fischer, HW, Meyer, I, Stuut, JB, Zabel, M, Mollenhauer, G, Collins, JA, Kuhnert, H and Schulz, M (2010) Increase in African dust flux at the onset of commercial agriculture in the Sahel region. Nature, 466. 226-228. doi:10.1038/nature09213 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

465

Liu, J, Steinke, S, Vogt, C, Mohtadi, M, de Pol-Holz, R and Hebbeln, D (2017) Temporal and spatial patterns of sediment deposition in the northern South China Sea over the last 50,000 years. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 465. 212-224. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.10.033 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

463

Santos, TP, Lessa, DO, Venancio, IM, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Kuhnert, H, Govin, A, Machado, T, Costa, KB, Toledo, F, Dias, BB and Albuquerque, ALS (2017) Prolonged warming of the Brazil Current precedes deglaciations. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 463. 1-12. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.01.014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Voigt, I, Chiessi, CM, Piola, AR and Henrich, R (2016) Holocene changes in Antarctic Intermediate Water flow strength in the Southwest Atlantic. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 463. 60-67. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.09.018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

460

Liu, X, Rendle-Bühring, R, Kuhlmann, H and Li, A (2017) Two phases of the Holocene East African Humid Period: Inferred from a high-resolution geochemical record off Tanzania. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 460. 123-134. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.12.016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

46

Barnet, JSK, Littler, K, Kroon, D, Leng, MJ, Westerhold, T, Röhl, U and Zachos, JC (2018) A new high-resolution chronology for the late Maastrichtian warming event: Establishing robust temporal links with the onset of Deccan volcanism. Geology, 46(2). 147-150. doi:10.1130/G39771.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Bertassoli, DJ, Sawakuchi, AO, Chiessi, CM, Schefuß, E, Hartmann, GA, Häggi, C, Cruz, FW, Zabel, M, McGlue, MM, Santos, RA and Pupim, FN (2019) Spatiotemporal variations of riverine discharge within the Amazon Basin during the late Holocene coincide with extratropical temperature anomalies. Geophysical Research Letters, 46(15). 9013-9022. doi:10.1029/2019GL082936

Brocas, WM, Felis, T and Mudelsee, M (2019) Tropical Atlantic cooling and freshening in the middle of the last interglacial from coral proxy records. Geophysical Research Letters, 46. 8289-8299. doi:10.1029/2019GL083094

Esper, O and Zonneveld, KAF (2002) Distribution of organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments of the Southern Ocean (eastern Atlantic sector) between the Subtropical Front and the Weddell Gyre. Marine Micropaleontology, 46(1-2). 177-208. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(02)00041-5 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Felis, T and Mudelsee, M (2019) Pacing of Red Sea deep water renewal during the last centuries. Geophysical Research Letters, 46. 4413-4420. doi:10.1029/2019GL082756 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Jung, G, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2016) Influence of topography on tropical African vegetation coverage. Climate Dynamics, 46(7-8). 2535-2549. doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2716-9 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zhang, Q, Wendler, I, Xu, X, Willems, H and Ding, L (2017) Structure and magnitude of the carbon isotope excursion during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum. Gondwana Research, 46. 114-123. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2017.02.016

Ólafsdóttir, KB and Mudelsee, M (2014) More accurate, calibrated bootstrap confidence intervals for estimating the correlation between two time series. Mathematical Geosciences, 46(4). 411-427. doi:10.1007/s11004-014-9523-4

459

Lopes, U, Babonneau, N, Fierens, R, Revillon, S, Raisson, F, Miramontes, E, Rabineau, M, Aslanian, D and Moulin, M (2023) Foraminiferal sandy contourite of the Limpopo Corridor (Mozambique margin): facies characterization and paleoceanographic record. Marine Geology, 459. 107031. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2023.107031

Maiorano, P, Girone, A, Marino, M, Kucera, M and Pelosi, N (2016) Sea surface water variability during the Mid-Brunhes inferred from calcareous plankton in the western Mediterranean (ODP Site 975). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 459. 229-248. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.006

Walliser, EO, Lohmann, G, Niezgodzki, I, Tütken, T and Schöne, BR (2016) Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene – A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 459. 552-569. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033

450

Castañeda, IS, Caley, T, Dupont, LM, Kim, JH, Malaizé, B and Schouten, S (2016) Middle to Late Pleistocene vegetation and climate change in subtropical southern East Africa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 450. 306-316. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.049 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Liebrand, D, Beddow, HM, Lourens, LJ, Pälike, H, Raffi, I, Bohaty, SM, Hilgen, FJ, Saes, MJM, Wilson, PA, van Dijk, AE, Hodell, DA, Kroon, D, Huck, CE and Batenburg, SJ (2016) Cyclostratigraphy and eccentricity tuning of the early Oligocene through early Miocene (30.1–17.1 Ma): Cibicides mundulus stable oxygen and carbon isotope records from Walvis Ridge Site 1264. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 450. 392-405. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zonneveld, KAF and Siccha, M (2016) Dinoflagellate cyst based modern analogue technique at test — A 300 year record from the Gulf of Taranto (Eastern Mediterranean). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 450. 17-37. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.02.045

45

De Vleeschouwer, D, Vahlenkamp, M, Crucifix, M and Pälike, H (2017) Alternating Southern and Northern Hemisphere climate response to astronomical forcing during the past 35 m.y. Geology, 45(4). 375-378. doi:10.1130/G38663.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dima, M, Lohmann, G and Knorr, G (2018) North Atlantic versus global control on Dansgaard-Oeschger events. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(23). 12,991-12,998. doi:10.1029/2018GL080035

Engel, BE, Hallock, P, Price, RE and Pichler, T (2015) Shell dissolution in larger benthic foraminifers exposed to pH and temperature extremes: results from an in situ experiment. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 45(2). 190-203. doi:10.2113/gsjfr.45.2.190

Felis, T, Ionita, M, Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G and Kölling, M (2018) Mild and arid climate in the eastern Sahara-Arabian Desert during the late Little Ice Age. Geophysical Research Letters, 45. 7112-7119. doi:10.1029/2018GL078617 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Gong, X, Zhang, X, Lohmann, G, Wei, W, Zhang, X and Pfeiffer, M (2015) Higher Laurentide and Greenland ice sheets strengthen the North Atlantic ocean circulation. Climate Dynamics, 45(1-2). 139-150. doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2502-8

Grützner, J, Hillenbrand, CD and Rebesco, M (2005) Terrigenous flux and biogenic silica deposition at the Antarctic continental rise during the late Miocene to early Pliocene: Implications for ice sheet stability and esea ice coverage. Global and Planetary Change, 45. 131-149. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.09.004

Rhein, M, Steinfeldt, R, Huhn, O, Sültenfuß, J and Breckenfelder, T (2018) Greenland submarine melt water observed in the Labrador and Irminger Sea. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(19). 10,570-10,578. doi:10.1029/2018GL079110

449

Benjamin, J, Rovere, A, Fontana, A, Furlani, S, Vacchi, M, Inglis, RH, Galili, E, Antonioli, F, Sivan, D, Miko, S, Mourtzas, N, Felja, I, Meredith-Williams, M, Goodman-Tchernov, B, Kolaiti, E, Anzidei, M and Gehrels, R (2017) Late Quaternary sea-level changes and early human societies in the central and eastern Mediterranean Basin: An interdisciplinary review. Quaternary International, 449. 29-57. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2017.06.025

Brocas, WM, Felis, T, Obert, JC, Gierz, P, Lohmann, G, Scholz, D, Kölling, M and Scheffers, SR (2016) Last interglacial temperature seasonality reconstructed from tropical Atlantic corals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 449. 418-429. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

448

Purcell, K, Hillaire-Marcel, C, de Vernal, A, Ghaleb, B and Stein, R (2022) Potential and limitation of 230Th-excess as a chronostratigraphic tool for late Quaternary Arctic Ocean sediment studies: An example from the Southern Lomonosov Ridge. Marine Geology, 448. 106802. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2022.106802

447

Chenot, E, Pellenard, P, Martinez, M, Deconinck, JF, Amiotte-Suchet, P, Thibault, N, Bruneau, L, Cocquerez, T, Laffont, R, Pucéat, E and Robaszynski, F (2016) Clay mineralogical and geochemical expressions of the “Late Campanian Event” in the Aquitaine and Paris basins (France): Palaeoenvironmental implications. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 447. 42-52. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.01.040

446

Wündsch, M, Haberzettl, T, Kirsten, KL, Kasper, T, Zabel, M, Dietze, E, Baade, J, Daut, G, Meschner, S, Meadows, ME and Mäusbacher, R (2016) Sea level and climate change at the southern Cape coast, South Africa, during the past 4.2 kyr. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 446. 295-307. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.01.027 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

445

Lippold, J, Gutjahr, M, Blaser, P, Christner, E, de Carvalho Ferreira, ML, Mulitza, S, Christl, M, Wombacher, F, Böhm, E, Antz, B, Cartapanis, O, Vogel, H and Jaccard, SL (2016) Deep water provenance and dynamics of the (de)glacial Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 445. 68-78. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.04.013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

443

Kienast, M, Kienast, SS, Calvert, SE, Eglinton, TI, Mollenhauer, G, Francois, R and Mix, AC (2006) Eastern Pacific cooling and Atlantic overturning circulation during the last deglatiation. Nature, 443. 846-849. doi:10.1038/nature05222

441

Wendler, I, Wendler, JE and Clarke, LJ (2016) Sea-level reconstruction for Turonian sediments from Tanzania based on integration of sedimentology, microfacies, geochemistry and micropaleontology. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 441. 528-564. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.08.013

Wendler, JE and Wendler, I (2016) What drove sea-level fluctuations during the mid-Cretaceous greenhouse climate? Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 441. 412-419. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.08.029

Wendler, JE, Wendler, I, Vogt, C and Kuss, J (2016) Link between cyclic eustatic sea-level change and continental weathering: Evidence for aquifer-eustasy in the Cretaceous. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 441. 430-437. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.08.014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

440

Müller, P, Taylor, MH, Klicpera, A, Wu, HC, Michel, J and Westphal, H (2015) Food for thought: Mathematical approaches for the conversion of high-resolution sclerochronological oxygen isotope records into sub-annually resolved time series. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 440. 763-776. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.032

44

Agnini, C, Backman, J, Boscolo-Galazzo, F, Condon, DJ, Fornaciari, E, Galeotti, S, Giusberti, L, Grandesso, P, Lanci, L, Luciani, V, Monechi, S, Muttoni, G, Pälike, H, Pampaloni, ML, Papazzoni, CA, Pearson, PN, Pignatti, J, Silva, IP, Raffi, I, Rio, D, Rook, L, Sahy, D, Spofforth, DJA, Stefani, C and Wade, BS (2021) Proposal for the Global Boundary Stratotype section and Point (GSSP) for the Priabonian Stage (Eocene) at the Alano section (Italy). Episodes, 44(2). 151-173. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2020/020074

Butzin, M, Köhler, P and Lohmann, G (2017) Marine radiocarbon reservoir age simulations for the past 50,000 years. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(16). 8473-8480. doi:10.1002/2017GL074688 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Christensen, BA, Renema, W, Henderiks, J, De Vleeschouwer, D, Groeneveld, J, Castañeda, IS, Reuning, L, Bogus, K, Auer, G, Ishiwa, T, McHugh, CM, Gallagher, SJ, Fulthorpe, CS and Expedition 356 Scientists (2017) Indonesian Throughflow drove Australian climate from humid Pliocene to arid Pleistocene. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(13). 6914-6925. doi:10.1002/2017GL072977 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dima, M, Lohmann, G and Rimbu, N (2015) Possible North Atlantic origin for changes in ENSO properties during the 1970s. Climate Dynamics, 44(3-4). 925-935. doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2173-x

Enters, D, Behling, H, Mayr, C, Dupont, LM and Zolitschka, B (2010) Holocene environmental dynamics of south-eastern Brazil recorded in laminated sediments of Lago Aleixo. Journal of Paleolimnology, 44(1). 265-277. doi:10.1007/s10933-009-9402-z

Köhler, J, Mertens, C, Walter, M, Stöber, U, Rhein, M and Kanzow, T (2014) Variability in the internal wave field induced by the atlantic deep western boundary current at 16°N. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 44(2). 492-516. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-13-010.1

Pittauerová, D, Mulitza, S, Hettwig, B, Chehade, W, Mollenhauer, G, Stuut, JB and Fischer, HW (2009) Application of self-absorption correction method in gamma spectroscopy for 210Pb and 137Cs sediment chronology on the continental slope off NW Africa. Radioprotection, 44(5). 457-461. doi:10.1051/radiopro/20095085

Santos, TP, Lessa, DO, Venancio, IM, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Kuhnert, H and Albuquerque, ALS (2017) The impact of the AMOC resumption in the western South Atlantic thermocline at the onset of the Last Interglacial. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(22). 11,547-11,554. doi:10.1002/2017GL074457 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schmidt, GA and Mulitza, S (2002) Global calibration of ecological models for planktic foraminifera from coretop carbonate oxygen-18. Marine Micropaleontology, 44(3-4). 125-140. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(01)00041-X

Sidorenko, D, Rackow, T, Jung, T, Semmler, T, Barbi, D, Danilov, S, Dethloff, K, Dorn, W, Fieg, K, Goessling, HF, Handorf, D, Harig, S, Hiller, W, Juricke, S, Losch, M, Schröter, J, Sein, DV and Wang, Q (2015) Towards multi-resolution global climate modeling with ECHAM6–FESOM. Part I: model formulation and mean climate. Climate Dynamics, 44(3-4). 757-780. doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2290-6

Thierens, M, Pirlet, H, Colin, C, Latruwe, K, Vanhaecke, F, Lee, JR, Stuut, JB, Titschack, J, Huvenne, VAI, Dorschel, B, Wheeler, AJ and Henriet, JP (2012) Ice-rafting from the British-Irish ice sheet since the earliest Pleistocene (2.6 million years ago): implications for long-term mid-latitudinal ice-sheet growth in the North Atlantic region. Quaternary Science Reviews, 44. 229-240. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.12.020 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wittmann, H, von Blanckenburg, F, Mohtadi, M, Christl, M and Bernhardt, A (2017) The competition between coastal trace metal fluxes and oceanic mixing from the 10 Be/9 Be ratio: Implications for sedimentary records. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(16). 8443-8452. doi:10.1002/2017GL074259

438

Castañeda, IS, Schouten, S, Pätzold, J, Lucassen, F, Kasemann, SA, Kuhlmann, H and Schefuß, E (2016) Hydroclimate variability in the Nile River Basin during the past 28,000 years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 438. 47-56. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Enge, AJ, Nomaki, H, Ogawa, NO, Witte, U, Moeseneder, MM, Lavik, G, Ohkouchi, N, Kitazato, H, Kucera, M and Heinz, P (2011) Response of the benthic foraminiferal community to a simulated short-term phytodetritus pulse in the abyssal North Pacific. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 438. 129-142. doi:10.3354/meps09298

Holbourn, AEL, Kuhnt, W, Schulz, M and Erlenkeuser, H (2005) Impacts of orbital forcing and atmospheric carbon dioxide on Miocene ice-sheet expansion. Nature, 438. 483-487. doi:10.1038/nature04123 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Weldeab, S, Arce, A and Kasten, S (2016) Mg/Ca-ΔCO32-pore water-temperature calibration for Globobulimina spp.: A sensitive paleothermometer for deep-sea temperature reconstruction. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 438. 95-102. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.01.009

437

Beckmann, B, Flögel, S, Hofmann, P, Schulz, M and Wagner, T (2005) Orbital forcing of Cretaceaous river discharge in tropical Africa and ocean response. Nature, 437. 241-244. doi:10.1038/nature03976

Schefuß, E, Schouten, S and Schneider, RR (2005) Climatic controls on central African hydrology during the last 20,000 years. Nature, 437. 1003-1006. doi:10.1038/nature03945 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

436

Aracena, C, Kilian, R, Lange, CB, Bertrand, S, Lamy, F, Arz, HW, de Pol-Holz, R, Baeza, O, Pantoja, S and Kissel, C (2015) Holocene variations in productivity associated with changes in glacier activity and freshwater flux in the central basin of the Strait of Magellan. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 436. 112-122. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.06.023

435

Lourens, LJ, Sluijs, A, Kroon, D, Zachos, JC, Thomas, E, Röhl, U and Raffi, I (2005) Astronomical pacing of late Palaeocene to early Eocene global warming events. Nature, 435(23). 1083-1087. doi:10.1038/nature03814

434

Dyer, SE, Green, AN, Cooper, JAG, Hahn, A and Zabel, M (2021) Response of a wave-dominated coastline and delta to antecedent conditioning and fluctuating rates of postglacial sea-level rise. Marine Geology, 434. 106435. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2021.106435

432

Zhang, Y, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Zabel, M, Trindade, RIF, Hollanda, MHBM, Dantas, EL, Govin, A, Tiedemann, R and Wefer, G (2015) Origin of increased terrigenous supply to the NE South American continental margin during Heinrich Stadial 1 and the Younger Dryas. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 432. 493-500. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.09.054 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

430

Peeters, FJC, Acheson, R, Brummer, GJA, de Ruijter, WPM, Schneider, RR, Ganssen, GM, Ufkes, E and Kroon, D (2004) Vigorous exchange between the Indian and Atlantic oceans at the end of the past five glacial periods. Nature, 430. 661-665. doi:10.1038/nature02785

43

Fink, C, Baumann, KH, Groeneveld, J and Steinke, S (2010) Strontium/Calcium ratio, carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in coccolith carbonate from different grain-size fractions in South Atlantic surface sediments. Geobios, 43(1). 151-164. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2009.11.001

Greco, M, Morard, R, Kucera, M and Dolan, J (2021) Single-cell metabarcoding reveals biotic interactions of the Arctic calcifier Neogloboquadrina pachyderma with the eukaryotic pelagic community. Journal of Plankton Research, 43(2). 113-125. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbab015

Harris, DL, Webster, JM, Vila-Concejo, A, Hua, Q, Yokoyama, Y and Reimer, PJ (2015) Late Holocene sea-level fall and turn-off of reef flat carbonate production: Rethinking bucket fill and coral reef growth models. Geology, 43(2). 175-178. doi:10.1130/G35977.1

Mann, T, Serwa, A, Rovere, A, Casella, E, Appeaning-Addo, K, Jayson-Quashigah, PN, Mensah-Senoo, T, Trstenjak, K, Lassalle, B, Flitner, M and Westphal, H (2023) Multi-decadal shoreline changes in Eastern Ghana—natural dynamics versus human interventions. Geo-Marine Letters, 43(4). doi:10.1007/s00367-023-00758-x

Poulton, SW, Henkel, S, März, C, Urquhart, H, Flögel, S, Kasten, S, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Wagner, T (2015) A continental-weathering control on orbitally driven redox-nutrient cycling during Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 2. Geology, 43(11). 963-966. doi:10.1130/G36837.1

Saavedra-Pellitero, M, Flores, JA, Baumann, KH and Sierro, FJ (2010) Coccolith distribution patterns in surface sediments of Equatoral and Southeastern Pacific Ocean. Geobios, 43(1). 131-149. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2009.09.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sutter, J, Gierz, P, Grosfeld, K, Thoma, M and Lohmann, G (2016) Ocean temperature thresholds for Last Interglacial West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(6). 2675-2682. doi:10.1002/2016GL067818

Voigt, S, Erbacher, J, Mutterlose, J, Weiss, W, Westerhold, T, Wiese, F, Wilmsen, M and Wonik, T (2008) The Cenomanian - Turonian of the Wunstorf section - (North Germany): global stratigraphic reference section and new orbital time scale for Oceanic Anoxic Event 2. Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 43. 65-89. doi:10.1127/0078-0421/2008/0043-0065

429

Felis, T, Lohmann, G, Kuhnert, H, Lorenz, SJ, Scholz, D, Pätzold, J, Al-Rousan, S and Al-Moghrabi, SM (2004) Increased seasonality in Middle East temperatures during the last interglacial period. Nature, 429(6988). 164-168. doi:10.1038/nature02546 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hu, L, Liu, Y, Xiao, X, Gong, X, Zou, J, Bai, Y, Gorbarenko, S, Fahl, K, Stein, R and Shi, X (2020) Sedimentary records of bulk organic matter and lipid biomarkers in the Bering Sea: A centennial perspective of sea-ice variability and phytoplankton community. Marine Geology, 429. 106308. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2020.106308

426

De Vleeschouwer, D, Leather, D and Claeys, P (2015) Ripple marks indicate Mid-Devonian paleo-wind directions in the Orcadian Basin (Orkney Isles, Scotland). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 426. 68-74. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.03.001

425

Chapori, NG, Chiessi, CM, Bickert, T and Laprida, C (2015) Sea-surface temperature reconstruction of the Quaternary western South Atlantic: New planktonic foraminiferal correlation function. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 425. 67-75. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.02.027 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tang, Z, Shi, X, Zhang, X, Chen, Z, Chen, MT, Wang, X, Wang, H, Liu, H, Lohmann, G, Li, P, Ge, S and Huang, Y (2016) Deglacial biogenic opal peaks revealing enhanced Southern Ocean upwelling during the last 513 ka. Quaternary International, 425. 445-452. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.020

424

Engelbrecht, L, Green, AN, Cooper, JAG, Hahn, A, Zabel, M and Mackay, CF (2020) Construction and evolution of submerged deltaic bodies on the high energy SE African coastline: The interplay between relative sea level and antecedent controls. Marine Geology, 424. 106170. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2020.106170

Knorr, G and Lohmann, G (2003) Southern Ocean Origin for Resumption of Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation during Deglaciation. Nature, 424(6948). 532-536. doi:10.1038/nature01855

423

Hoetzel, S, Dupont, LM and Wefer, G (2015) Miocene–Pliocene vegetation change in south-western Africa (ODP Site 1081, offshore Namibia). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 423. 102-108. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.02.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

422

Schefuß, E, Schouten, S, Jansen, JHF and Sinninghe Damsté, JS (2003) African vegetation controlled by tropical sea surface temperatures in the mid-Pleistocene period. Nature, 422(6930). 418-421. doi:10.1038/nature01500 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

420

Johnstone, HJH, Lee, W and Schulz, M (2016) Effect of preservation state of planktonic foraminifera tests on the decrease in Mg/Ca due to reductive cleaning and on sample loss during cleaning. Chemical Geology, 420. 23-36. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.10.045 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

42

Ellegaard, M, Head, MJ and Versteegh, GJM (2018) Linking biological and geological data on dinoflagellates using the genus Spiniferites as an example: the implications of species concepts, taxonomy and dual nomenclature. Palynology, 42. 221-230. doi:10.1080/01916122.2018.1465732

Gierz, P, Lohmann, G and Wei, W (2015) Response of Atlantic overturning to future warming in a coupled atmosphere-ocean-ice sheet model. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(16). 6811-6818. doi:10.1002/2015GL065276

Ho, SL, Yamamoto, M, Mollenhauer, G and Minagawa, M (2011) Core top TEX86 values in the south and equatorial Pacific. Organic Geochemistry, 42(1). 94-99. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2010.10.012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Joseph, N, López Correa, M, Schönfeld, J, Rüggeberg, A and Freiwald, A (2012) Sub-arctic Holocene climatic and oceanographic variability in Stjernsund, northern Norway: evidence from benthic foraminifera and stable isotopes. Boreas, 42(3). 511-531. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3885.2012.00303.x

Lambert, F, Tagliabue, A, Shaffer, G, Lamy, F, Winckler, G, Farias, L, Gallardo, L and de Pol-Holz, R (2015) Dust fluxes and iron fertilization in Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum climates. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(14). 6014-6023. doi:10.1002/2015GL064250 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Linsley, BK, Wu, HC, Dassié, EP and Schrag, DP (2015) Decadal changes in South Pacific sea surface temperatures and the relationship to the Pacific decadal oscillation and upper ocean heat content. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(7). 2358-2366. doi:10.1002/2015GL063045

Max, L, Belz, L, Tiedemann, R, Fahl, K, Nürnberg, D and Riethdorf, JR (2014) Rapid shifts in subarctic Pacific climate between 138 and 70 ka. Geology, 42(10). 899-902. doi:10.1130/G35879.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mertens, KN, Van Nieuwenhove, N, Gurdebeke, PR, Aydin, H, Bogus, K, Bringué, M, Dale, B, De Schepper, S, de Vernal, A, Ellegaard, M, Grothe, A, Gu, H, Head, MJ, Heikkilä, M, Limoges, A, Londeix, L, Louwye, S, Marret, F, Masure, E, Matsuoka, K, Mudie, PJ, Penaud, A, Pospelova, V, Price, AM, Ribeiro, S, Rochon, A, Sangiorgi, F, Schreck, M, Torres, V, Uzar, S, Versteegh, GJM, Warny, S and Zonneveld, KAF (2018) The dinoflagellate cyst genera Achomosphaera Evitt 1963 and Spiniferites Mantell 1850 in Pliocene to modern sediments: a summary of round table discussions. Palynology, 42. 10-44. doi:10.1080/01916122.2018.1465739

Ohnemueller, F, Prave, AR, Fallick, AE and Kasemann, SA (2014) Ocean acidification in the aftermath of the Marinoan glaciation. Geology, 42(12). 1103-1106. doi:10.1130/G35937.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stríkis, NM, Chiessi, CM, Cruz, FW, Vuille, M, Cheng, H, de Souza Barreto, EA, Mollenhauer, G, Kasten, S, Karmann, I, Edwards, RL, Bernal, JP and dos Reis Sales, H (2015) Timing and structure of Mega-SACZ events during Heinrich Stadial 1. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(13). 5477-5484. doi:10.1002/2015GL064048 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sánchez, GE, Lange, CB, Flores, JA, Caniupán, M and Lamy, F (2014) Cocolithophores in marine sediments off the western entrance of the Strait of Magellan reveal changes in productivity over the past 30,000 years. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 42(5). 1035-1049. doi:10.3856/vol42-issue5-fulltext-8

Wei, W, Lohmann, G and Dima, M (2012) Distinct Modes of Internal Variability in the Global Meridional Overturning Circulation Associated with the Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 42(5). 785-801. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-11-038.1

Zhang, X, Prange, M, Merkel, U and Schulz, M (2015) Spatial fingerprint and magnitude of changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during marine isotope stage 3. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(6). 1903-1911. doi:10.1002/2014GL063003

419

Basak, C, Pahnke, K, Frank, M, Lamy, F and Gersonde, R (2015) Neodymium isotopic characterization of Ross Sea Bottom Water and its advection through the southern South Pacific. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 419. 211-221. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Jonkers, L, Zahn, R, Thomas, AL, Henderson, GM, Abouchami, W, Francois, R, Masqué, P, Hall, IR and Bickert, T (2015) Deep circulation changes in the central South Atlantic during the past 145 kyrs reflected in a combined 231Pa/230Th, Neodymium isotope and benthic d13C record. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 419. 14-21. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

417

Ercilla, G, Schwenk, T, Bozzano, G, Spiess, V, Violante, R, Estrada, F, Ianniccheri, F, Spoltore, DV and Alonso, B (2019) Cenozoic sedimentary history of the northern Argentine continental slope, off Bahia Blanca, the location of the Ewing Terrace: Palaeogeodynamic and palaeoceanographic implications. Marine Geology, 417. 106028. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2019.106028

415

Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Groeneveld, J, Silva, JB, Campos, MC and Gurgel, MHC (2014) Variability of the Brazil Current during the late Holocene. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 415. 28-36. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.12.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

414

Esper, O and Gersonde, R (2014) Quaternary surface water temperature estimations: New diatom transfer functions for the Southern Ocean. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 414. 1-19. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.08.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Vallé, F, Dupont, LM, Leroy, SAG, Schefuß, E and Wefer, G (2014) Pliocene environmental change in West Africa and the onset of strong NE trade winds (ODP Sites 659 and 658). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 414. 403-414. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.09.023 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

412

Maier, C, Weinbauer, MG and Pätzold, J (2010) Stable isotopes reveal limitations in C and N assimilation in the Caribbean reef corals Madracis mirabilis, M. carmabi and M. formosa. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 412. 103-112. doi:10.3354/meps08674

Wu, HC, Moreau, M, Linsley, BK, Schrag, DP and Corrège, T (2014) Investigation of sea surface temperature changes from replicated coral Sr/Ca variations in the eastern equatorial Pacific (Clipperton Atoll) since 1874. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 412. 208-222. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.07.039 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

410

Just, J, Schefuß, E, Kuhlmann, H, Stuut, JBW and Pätzold, J (2014) Climate induced sub-basin source-area shifts of Zambezi River sediments over the past 17ka. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 410. 190-199. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.05.045 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tapia, R, Nürnberg, D, Ronge, T and Tiedemann, R (2015) Disparities in glacial advection of Southern Ocean Intermediate Water to the South Pacific Gyre. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 410. 152-164. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.11.031 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

41

Al-Rousan, S, Felis, T, Manasrah, R and Al-Horani, F (2007) Seasonal variations in the stable oxygen isotopic composition in Porites corals from the northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Geochemical Journal, 41(5). 333-340. doi:10.2343/geochemj.41.333

Boyden, P, Casella, E, Daly, CJ and Rovere, A (2021) Hurricane Matthew in 2100: effects of extreme sea level rise scenarios on a highly valued coastal area (Palm Beach, FL, USA). Geo-Marine Letters, 41(4). doi:10.1007/s00367-021-00715-6

Brummer, GJA and Kucera, M (2022) Taxonomic review of living planktonic foraminifera. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 41(1). 29-74. doi:10.5194/jm-41-29-2022

Elshanawany, R, Ibrahim, MI, Milker, Y, Schmiedl, G, Badr, N, Kholeif, SEA and Zonneveld, KAF (2011) Anthropogenic Impact of benthic Foraminifera, Abu-Qir Bay, Alexandria, Egypt. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 41(4). 326-348. doi:10.2113/gsjfr.41.4.326

Esper, O, Versteegh, GJM, Zonneveld, KAF and Willems, H (2004) A palynological reconstruction of the Agulhas Retroflection (South Atlantic Ocean) during the Late Quaternary. Global and Planetary Change, 41. 31-62. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2003.10.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Govin, A, Varma, V and Prange, M (2014) Astronomically forced variations in western African rainfall (21°N-20°S) during the Last Interglacial period. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(6). 2117-2125. doi:10.1002/2013GL058999 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Meilland, J, Siccha, M, Weinkauf, MFG, Jonkers, L, Morard, R, Baranowski, U, Baumeister, A, Bertlich, J, Brummer, GJA, Debray, P, Fritz-Endres, T, Groeneveld, J, Magerl, L, Munz, P, Rillo, MC, Schmidt, C, Takagi, H, Theara, G and Kucera, M (2019) Highly replicated sampling reveals no diurnal vertical migration but stable species-specific vertical habitats in planktonic foraminifera. Journal of Plankton Research, 41(2). 127-141. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbz002

Pol, K, Masson-Delmotte, V, Cattani, O, Debret, M, Falourd, S, Jouzel, J, Landais, A, Minster, B, Mudelsee, M, Schulz, M and Stenni, B (2014) Climate variability features of the last interglacial in the East Antarctic EPICA Dome C ice core. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(11). 4004-4012. doi:10.1002/2014GL059561

Steinke, S, Prange, M, Feist, C, Groeneveld, J and Mohtadi, M (2014) Upwelling variability off southern Indonesia over the past two millennia. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(21). 7684-7693. doi:10.1002/2014GL061450 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

407

Petrovic, A, Lantzsch, H, Schwenk, T, Marquardt, J, Titschack, J and Hanebuth, TJJ (2019) Post-LGM upward shift of the Mediterranean Outflow Water recorded in a contourite drift off NW Spain. Marine Geology, 407. 334-349. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2018.11.015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

406

Razik, S, Dekkers, MJ and von Dobeneck, T (2014) How environmental magnetism can enhance the interpretational value of grain-size analysis: A time-slice study on sediment export to the NW African margin in Heinrich Stadial 1 and Mid Holocene. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 406. 33-48. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.04.009 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

405

Dinarès-Turell, J, Westerhold, T, Pujalte, V, Röhl, U and Kroon, D (2014) Astronomical calibration of the Danian stage (Early Paleocene) revisited: Settling chronologies of sedimentary records across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 405. 119-131. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.027 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

404

Groeneveld, J, Hathorne, EC, Steinke, S, DeBey, H, Mackensen, A and Tiedemann, R (2014) Glacial induced closure of the Panamanian Gateway during Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 95–100 (similar to 2.5 Ma). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 404. 296-306. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hahn, A, Compton, JS, Meyer-Jacob, C, Kirsten, KL, Lucasssen, F, Pérez Mayo, M, Schefuß, E and Zabel, M (2016) Holocene paleo-climatic record from the South African Namaqualand mudbelt: A source to sink approach. Quaternary International, 404. 121-135. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.10.017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zhao, X, Dupont, LM, Meadows, ME and Wefer, G (2016) Pollen distribution in the marine surface sediments of the mudbelt along the west coast of South Africa. Quaternary International, 404. 44-56. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.09.032 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

402

Ren, J, Gersonde, R, Esper, O and Sancetta, C (2014) Diatom distributions in northern North Pacific surface sediments and their relationship to modern environmental variables. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 402. 81-103. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.03.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

401

Littler, K, Röhl, U, Westerhold, T and Zachos, JC (2014) A high-resolution benthic stable-isotope record for the South Atlantic: Implications for orbital-scale changes in Late Paleocene–Early Eocene climate and carbon cycling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 401. 18-30. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.054 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

40

Gong, X, Knorr, G, Lohmann, G and Zhang, X (2013) Dependence of abrupt Atlantic meridional ocean circulation changes on climate background states. Geophysical Research Letters, 40(14). 3698-3704. doi:10.1002/grl.50701

Hendry, KR, Robinson, LF, Meredith, MP, Mulitza, S, Chiessi, CM and Arz, HW (2012) Abrupt changes in high-latitude nutrient supply to the Atlantic during the last glacial cycle. Geology, 40(2). 123-126. doi:10.1130/G32779.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Nandini‐Weiss, SD, Prange, M, Arpe, K, Merkel, U and Schulz, M (2020) Past and future impact of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation in the Caspian Sea catchment area. International Journal of Climatology, 40(5). 2717-2731. doi:10.1002/joc.6362

Rampen, SW, Schouten, S, Schefuß, E and Sinninghe Damsté, JS (2009) Impact of temperature on long chain diol and mid-chain hydroxy methyl alkanoate composition in Proboscia diatoms: Results from culture and field studies. Organic Geochemistry, 40(11). 1124-1131. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.08.005

4

Bertassoli, DJ, Sawakuchi, AO, Sawakuchi, HO, Pupim, FN, Hartmann, GA, McGlue, MM, Chiessi, CM, Zabel, M, Schefuß, E, Pereira, TS, Santos, RA, Faustino, SB, Oliveira, PE and Bicudo, DC (2017) The Fate of Carbon in Sediments of the Xingu and Tapajós Clearwater Rivers, Eastern Amazon. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4. doi:10.3389/fmars.2017.00044 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Collins, JA, Schefuß, E, Heslop, D, Mulitza, S, Prange, M, Zabel, M, Tjallingii, R, Dokken, T, Huang, E, Mackensen, A, Schulz, M, Tian, J, Zarriess, M and Wefer, G (2011) Interhemispheric symmetry of tropical African rainbelt over the past 23,000 years. Nature Geoscience, 4(1). 42-45. doi:10.1038/ngeo1039 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dima, M, Nichita, DR, Lohmann, G, Ionita, M and Voiculescu, M (2021) Early-onset of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation weakening in response to atmospheric CO2 concentration. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 4(1). doi:10.1038/s41612-021-00182-x

Dupont, LM, Behling, H and Kim, JH (2008) Thirty thousand years of vegetation development and climate change in Angola (Ocean Drilling Program Site 1078). Climate of the Past, 4. 107-124. doi:10.5194/cp-4-107-2008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Elling, FJ, Spiegel, C, Estrada, S, Davis, DW, Reinhardt, L, Henjes-Kunst, F, Allroggen, N, Dohrmann, R, Piepjohn, K and Lisker, F (2016) Origin of bentonites and detrital zircons of the Paleocene Basilika Formation, Svalbard. Frontiers in Earth Science, 4. doi:10.3389/feart.2016.00073 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Franke, J, Paul, A and Schulz, M (2008) Modeling variations of marine reservoir ages during the last 45 000 years. Climate of the Past, 4. 125-136. doi:10.5194/cp-4-125-2008

Fuchs, L, Guo, J, Schefuß, E, Sun, Y, Guo, F, Ziegler, M and Peterse, F (2023) Isotopic and magnetic proxies are good indicators of millennial-scale variability of the East Asian monsoon. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-023-01090-z

Ge, H, Zhang, CL, Dang, H, Zhu, C and Jia, G (2013) Distribution of tetraether lipids in surface sediments of the northern South China Sea: Implications for TEX86 proxies. Geoscience Frontiers, 4(2). 223-229. doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2012.10.002

Haliuc, A, Daniau, AL, Mouillot, F, Chen, W, Leys, B, David, V, Hanquiez, V, Dennielou, B, Schefuß, E, Bayon, G and Crosta, X (2023) Microscopic charcoals in ocean sediments off Africa track past fire intensity from the continent. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-023-00800-x

Helmke, JP, Bauch, HA, Röhl, U and Kandiano, ES (2008) Uniform climate development between the subtropical and subpolar Northeast Atlantic across marine isotope stage 11. Climate of the Past, 4. 181-190. doi:10.5194/cp-4-181-2008

Lelli, L, Weber, M and Burrows, J (2016) Evaluation of SCIAMACHY ESA/DLR Cloud Parameters Version 5.02 by Comparisons to Ground-Based and Other Satellite Data. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 4. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2016.00043

Markus, T and Ginzky, H (2011) Regulating Climate Engineering: Paradigmatic Aspects of the Regulation of Ocean Fertilization. Carbon and Climate Law Review, 4. 477-490.

Mohtadi, M, Oppo, DW, Steinke, S, Stuut, JB, de Pol-Holz, R, Hebbeln, D and Lückge, A (2011) Glacial to Holocene swings of the Australian-Indonesian monsoon. Nature Geoscience, 4(8). 540-544. doi:10.1038/ngeo1209 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Prange, M (2008) The low-resolution CCSM2 revisted: new adjustments and a present-day control run. Ocean Science, 4. 151-181. doi:10.5194/os-4-151-2008

Rodgers, KB, Lohmann, G, Lorenz, S, Schneider, RR and Henderson, GM (2003) A tropical mechanism for Northern Hemisphere deglaciation. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 4(5). 1046. doi:10.1029/2003GC000508

Rommerskirchen, F, Eglinton, G, Dupont, LM, Güntner, U, Wenzel, C and Rullkötter, J (2003) A north to south transect of Holocene southeast Atlantic continental margin sediments: Relationship between aerosol transport and compound-specific d13C land plant biomarker and pollen records. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 4(12). 1101. doi:10.1029/2003GC000541 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rovere, A, Pico, T, Richards, F, O’Leary, MJ, Mitrovica, JX, Goodwin, ID, Austermann, J and Latychev, K (2023) Influence of reef isostasy, dynamic topography, and glacial isostatic adjustment on sea-level records in Northeastern Australia. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-023-00967-3

Samant, R and Prange, M (2023) Climate-driven 21st century Caspian Sea level decline estimated from CMIP6 projections. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-023-01017-8

Siccha, M and Kucera, M (2017) ForCenS, a curated database of planktonic foraminifera census counts in marine surface sediment samples. Scientific Data, 4. 170109. doi:10.1038/sdata.2017.109 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wollenburg, JE, Matthiessen, J, Vogt, C, Nehrke, G, Grotheer, H, Wilhelms-Dick, D, Geibert, W and Mollenhauer, G (2023) Omnipresent authigenic calcite distorts Arctic radiocarbon chronology. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-023-00802-9

Yang, H, Lohmann, G, Stepanek, C, Wang, Q, Huang, RX, Shi, X, Liu, J, Chen, D, Wang, X, Zhong, Y, Yang, Q, Bao, Y and Müller, J (2023) Satellite-observed strong subtropical ocean warming as an early signature of global warming. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-023-00839-w

You, D, Stein, R, Fahl, K, Williams, M, Schmidt, DN, McCave, IN, Barker, S, Schefuß, E, Niu, L, Kuhn, G and Niessen, F (2023) Last deglacial abrupt climate changes caused by meltwater pulses in the Labrador Sea. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-023-00743-3

399

Esper, O and Gersonde, R (2014) New tools for the reconstruction of Pleistocene Antarctic sea ice. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 399. 260-283. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.01.019 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

398

Collins, JA, Schefuß, E, Govin, A, Mulitza, S and Tiedemann, R (2014) Insolation and glacial–interglacial control on southwestern African hydroclimate over the past 140 000 years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 398. 1-10. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.04.034 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

396

Kasemann, SA, Pogge von Strandmann, PAE, Prave, AR, Fallick, AE, Elliott, T and Hoffmann, KH (2014) Continental weathering following a Cryogenian glaciation: Evidence from calcium and magnesium isotopes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 396. 66-77. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.03.048 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

394

Bornemann, A, Norris, RD, Lyman, JA, D'haenens, S, Groeneveld, J, Röhl, U, Farley, KA and Speijer, RP (2014) Persistent environmental change after the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum in the eastern North Atlantic. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 394. 70-81. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.03.017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

392

Girone, A, Maiorano, P, Marino, M and Kucera, M (2013) Calcareous plankton response to orbital and millennial-scale climate changes across the Middle Pleistocene in the western Mediterranean. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 392. 105-116. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.09.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Livina, VN, Lohmann, G, Mudelsee, M and Lenton, TM (2013) Forecasting the underlying potential governing the time series of a dynamical system. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 392(18). 3891-3902. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2013.04.036

Saavedra-Pellitero, M, Baumann, KH, Hernández-Almeida, I, Flores, JA and Sierro, FJ (2013) Modern sea surface productivity and temperature estimations off Chile as detected by coccolith accumulation rates. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 392. 534-545. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.10.010 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

391

Moller, T, Schulz, H and Kucera, M (2013) The effect of sea surface properties on shell morphology and size of the planktonic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma in the North Atlantic. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 391. 34-48. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.08.014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Morard, R, Quillévéré, F, Escarguel, G, de Garidel-Thoron, T, de Vargas, C and Kucera, M (2013) Ecological modeling of the temperature dependence of cryptic species of planktonic Foraminifera in the Southern Hemisphere. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 391. 13-33. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.05.011

Prasad, S, Anoop, A, Riedel, N, Sarkar, S, Menzel, P, Basavaiah, N, Krishnan, R, Fuller, D, Plessen, B, Gaye, B, Röhl, U, Wilkes, H, Sachse, D, Sawant, R, Wiesner, MG and Stebich, M (2014) Prolonged monsoon droughts and links to Indo-Pacific warm pool: A Holocene record from Lonar Lake, central India. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 391. 171-182. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.01.043 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

39

André, A, Weiner, A, Quillévéré, F, Aurahs, R, Morard, R, Douady, CJ, de Garidel-Thoron, T, Escarguel, G, de Vargas, C and Kucera, M (2013) The cryptic and the apparent reversed: lack of genetic differentiation within the morphologically diverse plexus of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides sacculifer. Paleobiology, 39. 21-39. doi:10.1666/0094-8373-39.1.21

Blumenberg, M, Naafs, BDA, Lückge, A, Lauretano, V, Schefuß, E, Galloway, JM, Scheeder, G and Reinhardt, L (2024) Biomarker reconstruction of a high‐latitude late Paleocene to early eocene coal swamp environment across the PETM and ETM‐2 (Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada). Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 39(2). doi:10.1029/2023PA004712

Ertefai, TF, Fisher, MC, Fredricks, HF, Lipp, JS, Birgel, D, Udert, KM, Cavanaugh, CM, Pearson, A, Gschwend, PM and Hinrichs, KU (2008) Vertical distribution of microbial lipids and functional genes in chemically distinct layers of a highly polluted meromictic lake. Organic Geochemistry, 39(11). 1572-1588. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.07.009

Greco, M, Meilland, J, Zamelczyk, K, Rasmussen, TL and Kucera, M (2020) The effect of an experimental decrease in salinity on the viability of the Subarctic planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina incompta. Polar Research, 39(0). doi:10.33265/polar.v39.3842

Knebel, O, Felis, T, Asami, R, Deschamps, P, Kölling, M and Scholz, D (2024) Last deglacial environmental change in the tropical South Pacific from Tahiti corals. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 39(2). e2022PA004585. doi:10.1029/2022PA004585

Niederbockstruck, B, Jones, HL, Yasukawa, K, Raffi, I, Tanaka, E, Westerhold, T, Ikehara, M and Röhl, U (2024) Apparent diachroneity of calcareous nannofossil datums during the Early Eocene in the High‐Latitude South Pacific Ocean. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 39(4). doi:10.1029/2023PA004801

Raitzsch, M, Hathorne, EC, Kuhnert, H, Groeneveld, J and Bickert, T (2011) Modern and Late Pleistocene B/Ca ratios of the benthic foraminifer Planulina wuellerstorfi determined with laser ablation ICP-MS. Geology, 39(11). 1039-1042. doi:10.1130/G32009.1

Seidenglanz, A, Prange, M, Varma, V and Schulz, M (2012) Ocean temperature response to idealized Gleissberg and de Vries solar cycles in a comprehensive climate model. Geophysical Research Letters, 39. doi:10.1029/2012GL053624 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Varma, V, Prange, M, Spangehl, T, Lamy, F, Cubasch, U and Schulz, M (2012) Impact of solar-induced stratospheric ozone decline on Southern Hemisphere westerlies during the Late Maunder Minimum. Geophysical Research Letters, 39. doi:10.1029/2012GL053403

Viganò, A, Dallanave, E, Alegret, L, Westerhold, T, Sutherland, R, Dickens, GR, Newsam, C and Agnini, C (2024) Calcareous nannofossils and paleoclimatic evolution across the Eocene‐Oligocene transition at IODP Site U1509, Tasman Sea, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 39(2). e2023PA004738. doi:10.1029/2023PA004738

Zonneveld, KAF and Pospelova, V (2015) A determination key for modern dinoflagellate cysts. Palynology, 39(3). 387-409. doi:10.1080/01916122.2014.990115

387

Gibbons, FT, Oppo, DW, Mohtadi, M, Rosenthal, Y, Cheng, J, Liu, Z and Linsley, BK (2014) Deglacial δ18O and hydrologic variability in the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 387. 240-251. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.11.032 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Knies, J, Mattingsdal, R, Fabian, K, Grøsfjeld, K, Baranwal, S, Husum, K, De Schepper, S, Vogt, C, Andersen, N, Matthiessen, J, Andreassen, K, Jokat, W, Nam, SI and Gaina, C (2014) Effect of early Pliocene uplift on late Pliocene cooling in the Arctic–Atlantic gateway. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 387. 132-144. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.11.007

Serno, S, Winckler, G, Anderson, RF, Hayes, CT, McGee, D, Machalett, B, Ren, H, Straub, SM, Gersonde, R and Haug, GH (2014) Eolian dust input to the Subarctic North Pacific. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 387. 252-263. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.11.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

383

Bahr, A, Schönfeld, J, Hoffmann, J, Voigt, S, Aurahs, R, Kucera, M, Flögel, S, Jentzen, A and Gerdes, A (2013) Comparison of Ba/Ca and δ18O_WATER as freshwater proxies: A multi-species core-top study on planktonic foraminifera from the vicinity of the Orinoco River mouth. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 383. 45-57. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.09.036 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

382

Zecchin, M, Rebesco, M, Lucchi, RG, Caffau, M, Lantzsch, H and Hanebuth, TJJ (2016) Buried iceberg-keel scouring on the southern Spitsbergenbanken, NW Barents Sea. Marine Geology, 382. 68-79. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2016.10.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

381

Al-Rousan, S and Felis, T (2013) Long-term variability in the stable carbon isotopic composition of Porites corals at the northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 381(382). 1-14. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.03.025 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

38

Barragán‐Montilla, S, Mulitza, S, Johnstone, HJH and Pälike, H (2023) Stagnant North Atlantic deep water heat uptake with reduced Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the last deglaciation. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 38(6). doi:10.1029/2022PA004575

Brachert, TC, Agnini, C, Gagnaison, C, Gély, JP, Henehan, MJ and Westerhold, T (2023) Astronomical pacing of middle Eocene sea‐level fluctuations: Inferences from shallow‐water carbonate ramp deposits. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 38(11). doi:10.1029/2023PA004633

Gastaldello, ME, Agnini, C, Westerhold, T, Drury, AJ, Sutherland, R, Drake, MK, Lam, AR, Dickens, GR, Dallanave, E, Burns, S and Alegret, L (2023) The late miocene‐early pliocene biogenic bloom: an integrated study in the Tasman Sea. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 38(4). doi:10.1029/2022PA004565

Harbott, M, Wu, HC, Kuhnert, H, Jimenez, C, González‐Díaz, P and Rixen, T (2023) A warming southern Gulf of Mexico: reconstruction of anthropogenic environmental changes from a Siderastrea siderea coral on the northern coast of Cuba. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 38(12). doi:10.1029/2023PA004717

Hathorne, E, Dolman, AM and Laepple, T (2023) Assessing seasonal and inter‐annual marine sediment climate proxy data. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 38(10). doi:10.1029/2023PA004649

Heslop, D and Paul, A (2012) Fingerprinting of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in climate models to aid in the design of proxy investigations. Climate Dynamics, 38(5-6). 1047-1064. doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1042-0

Holbourn, AEL, Kuhnt, W, Regenberg, M, Schulz, M, Mix, AC and Andersen, N (2010) Does Antarctic glaciation force migration of the tropical rain belt? Geology, 38(9). 783-786. doi:10.1130/G31043.1

Hossain, A, Knorr, G, Jokat, W, Lohmann, G, Hochmuth, K, Gierz, P, Gohl, K and Stepanek, C (2023) The impact of different atmospheric CO2 concentrations on large scale Miocene temperature signatures. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 38(2). doi:10.1029/2022PA004438

Ionita, M, Lohmann, G, Rimbu, N, Chelcea, S and Dima, M (2012) Interannual to decadal summer drought variability over Europe and its relationship to global sea surface temperature. Climate Dynamics, 38(1-2). 363-377. doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1028-y

Iwasaki, S, Kimoto, K and Kucera, M (2023) Development of a deep‐water carbonate ion concentration proxy based on preservation of planktonic foraminifera shells quantified by X‐ray CT scanning. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 38(8). doi:10.1029/2022PA004601

Jentzen, A, Schönfeld, J, Weiner, AKM, Weinkauf, MFG, Nürnberg, D and Kučera, M (2019) Seasonal and interannual variability in population dynamics of planktic foraminifers off Puerto Rico (Caribbean Sea). Journal of Micropalaeontology, 38(2). 231-247. doi:10.5194/jm-38-231-2019

Kasemann, SA, Prave, AR, Fallick, AE, Hawkesworth, CJ and Hoffmann, KH (2010) Neoproterozoic ice ages, boron isotopes, and ocean acidification: Implications for a snowball Earth. Geology, 38(9). 775-778. doi:10.1130/G30851.1

Knorr, G, Butzin, M, Micheels, A and Lohmann, G (2011) A warm Miocene climate at low atmospheric CO2 levels. Geophysical Research Letters, 38. doi:10.1029/2011GL048873

Kolling, H, Schneider, R, Gross, F, Hamann, C, Kienast, M, Kienast, S, Doering, K, Fahl, K and Stein, R (2023) Biomarker records of environmental shifts on the Labrador Shelf during the Holocene. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 38(9). doi:10.1029/2022PA004578

Montero-Serrano, JC, Frank, N, Colin, C, Wienberg, C and Eisele, MH (2011) The climate influence on the mid-depth Northeast Atlantic gyres viewed by cold-water corals. Geophysical Research Letters, 38. doi:10.1029/2011GL048733

Rebotim, A, Voelker, AHL, Jonkers, L, Waniek, JJ, Schulz, M and Kucera, M (2019) Calcification depth of deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera from the eastern North Atlantic constrained by stable oxygen isotope ratios of shells from stratified plankton tows. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 38(2). 113-131. doi:10.5194/jm-38-113-2019

Taylor, VE, Westerhold, T, Bohaty, SM, Backman, J, Dunkley Jones, T, Edgar, KM, Egan, KE, Lyle, M, Pälike, H, Röhl, U, Zachos, JC and Wilson, PA (2023) Transient shoaling, over‐deepening and settling of the calcite compensation depth at the Eocene‐Oligocene Transition. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 38(6). doi:10.1029/2022PA004493

Zarriess, M, Johnstone, HJH, Prange, M, Steph, S, Groeneveld, J, Mulitza, S and Mackensen, A (2011) Bipolar seesaw in the northeastern tropical Atlantic during Heinrich stadials. Geophysical Research Letters, 38. L04706. doi:10.1029/2010GL046070 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

378

Drury, AJ, Westerhold, T, Wilkens, RH and Röhl, U (2022) Data report: splice adjustment for Site U1553. In: Röhl, U, Thomas, DJ, Childress, LB and Expedition 378 Scientists (eds.) South Pacific Paleogene Climate. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 378. College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). doi:10.14379/iodp.proc.378.201.2022

Röhl, U, Thomas, DJ, Childress, LB and Expedition 378 Scientists (2022) South Pacific Paleogene Climate. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 378. College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). doi:10.14379/iodp.proc.378.2022

Wilkens, RH, Drury, AJ, Westerhold, T and Röhl, U (2022) Data report: depths of Site U1553 off-splice data adjusted to the Site U1553 splice, IODP Expedition 378. In: Röhl, U, Thomas, DJ, Childress, LB and Expedition 378 Scientists (eds.) South Pacific Paleogene Climate. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 378. College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). doi:10.14379/iodp.proc.378.202.2022

375

Dupont, LM, Rommerskirchen, F, Mollenhauer, G and Schefuß, E (2013) Miocene to Pliocene changes in South African hydrology and vegetation in relation to the expansion of C4 plants. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 375. 408-417. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.06.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hahn, A, Vogel, H, Andò, S, Garzanti, E, Kuhn, G, Lantzsch, H, Schüürman, J, Vogt, C and Zabel, M (2018) Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to determine mineral phases in sediments. Sedimentary Geology, 375. 27-35. doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2018.03.010 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rhein, M, Steinfeldt, R, Kieke, D, Stendardo, I and Yashayaev, I (2017) Ventilation variability of Labrador Sea Water and its impact on oxygen and anthropogenic carbon: a review. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 375(2102). 20160321. doi:10.1098/rsta.2016.0321

374

Razik, S, Chiessi, CM, Romero, OE and von Dobeneck, T (2013) Interaction of the South American Monsoon System and the Southern Westerly Wind Belt during the last 14 kyr. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 374. 28-40. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.12.022 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

373

Lohmann, G and Schöne, BR (2013) Climate signatures on decadal to interdecadal time scales as obtained from mollusk shells (Arctica islandica) from Iceland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 373. 152-162. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.08.006

371-37

McGee, D, deMenocal, PB, Winckler, G, Stuut, JBW and Bradtmiller, LI (2013) The magnitude, timing and abruptness of changes in North African dust deposition over the last 20,000yr. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 371-37. 163-176. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.03.054 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

371

Sutherland, R, Dickens, GR, Blum, P, Agnini, C, Alegret, L, Asatryan, G, Bhattacharya, J, Bordenave, A, Chang, L, Collot, J, Cramwinckel, MJ, Dallanave, E, Drake, MK, Etienne, SJG, Giorgioni, M, Gurnis, M, Harper, DT, Huang, HHM, Keller, AL, Lam, AR, Li, H, Matsui, H, Morgans, HEG, Newsam, C, Park, YH, Pascher, KM, Pekar, SF, Penman, DE, Saito, S, Stratford, WR, Westerhold, T and Zhou, X (2019) Expedition 371 summary, Tasman Frontier Subduction Initiation and Paleogene Climate. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 371. doi:10.14379/iodp.proc.371.2019

37

Bamberg, A, Rosenthal, Y, Paul, A, Heslop, D, Mulitza, S, Rühlemann, C and Schulz, M (2010) Reduced North Atlantic Central Water formation in response to early Holocene ice-sheet melting. Geophysical Research Letters, 37. L17705. doi:10.1029/2010GL043878 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Borchers, A, Dietze, E, Kuhn, G, Esper, O, Voigt, I, Hartmann, K and Diekmann, B (2016) Holocene ice dynamics and bottom-water formation associated with Cape Darnley polynya activity recorded in Burton Basin, East Antarctica. Marine Geophysical Research, 37(1). 49-70. doi:10.1007/s11001-015-9254-z PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Contreras, S, Lange, CB, Pantoja, S, Lavik, G, Rincón-Martínez, D and Kuypers, MMM (2010) A rainy northern Atacama Desert during the last interglacial. Geophysical Research Letters, 37. L23612. doi:10.1029/2010GL045728

Felis, T, Suzuki, A, Kuhnert, H, Dima, M, Lohmann, G and Kawahata, H (2009) Subtropical coral reveals abrupt early-twentieth-century freshening in the western North Pacific Ocean. Geology, 37(6). 527-530. doi:10.1130/G25581A.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Felis, T, Suzuki, A, Kuhnert, H, Rimbu, N and Kawahata, H (2010) Pacific Decadal Oscillation documented in a coral record of North Pacific winter temperature since 1873. Geophysical Research Letters, 37. L14605. doi:10.1029/2010GL043572 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Inglis, GN, Toney, JL, Zhu, J, Poulsen, CJ, Röhl, U, Jamieson, SSR, Pross, J, Cramwinckel, MJ, Krishnan, S, Pagani, M, Bijl, PK and Bendle, J (2022) Enhanced terrestrial carbon export from East Antarctica during the early Eocene. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 37(2). doi:10.1029/2021PA004348

Livina, VN, Kwasniok, F, Lohmann, G, Kantelhardt, JW and Lenton, TM (2011) Changing climate states and stability: from Pliocene to present. Climate Dynamics, 37(11-12). 2437-2453. doi:10.1007/s00382-010-0980-2

Lohmann, G, Knorr, G, Hossain, A and Stepanek, C (2022) Effects of CO2 and ocean mixing on Miocene and Pliocene temperature gradients. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 37(2). e2020PA003953. doi:10.1029/2020PA003953

Napier, TJ, Wörmer, L, Wendt, J, Lückge, A, Rohlfs, N and Hinrichs, KU (2022) Sub‐annual to interannual Arabian Sea upwelling, sea surface temperature, and Indian monsoon rainfall reconstructed using congruent micrometer‐scale climate proxies. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 37(3). doi:10.1029/2021PA004355

Romero, OE, LeVay, LJ, McClymont, EL, Müller, J and Cowan, EA (2022) Orbital and suborbital‐scale variations of productivity and sea surface conditions in the Gulf of Alaska during the past 54,000 years: impact of iron fertilization by icebergs and meltwater. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 37(1). doi:10.1029/2021PA004385

Romero, OE, Boeckel, B, Donner, B, Lavik, G, Fischer, G and Wefer, G (2002) Seasonal productivity dynamics in the pelagic central Benguela System inferred from the flux of carbonate and silicate organisms. Journal of Marine Systems, 37(4). 259-278. doi:10.1016/S0924-7963(02)00189-6 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rommerskirchen, F, Plader, A, Eglinton, G, Chikaraishi, Y and Rullkötter, J (2006) Chemotaxonomic significance of distribution and stable carbon isotopic composition of long-chain alkanes and alkan-1-ols in C4 grass waxes. Organic Geochemistry, 37. 1303-1332. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.12.013

Schlitzer, R (2007) Assimilation of radiocarbon and chlorofluorocarbon data to constrain deep and bottom water transports in the world ocean. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 37(2). 259-276. doi:10.1175/JPO3011.1

Sutherland, R, Dos Santos, Z, Agnini, C, Alegret, L, Lam, AR, Westerhold, T, Drake, MK, Harper, DT, Dallanave, E, Newsam, C, Cramwinckel, MJ, Dickens, GR, Collot, J, Etienne, SJG, Bordenave, A, Stratford, WR, Zhou, X, Li, H and Asatryan, G (2022) Neogene mass accumulation rate of carbonate sediment across northern Zealandia, Tasman Sea, southwest Pacific. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 37(2). doi:10.1029/2021PA004294

Sánchez Montes, ML, Romero, OE, Cowan, EA, Müller, J, Moy, CM, Lloyd, JM and McClymont, EL (2022) Plio‐pleistocene ocean circulation changes in the Gulf of Alaska and its impacts on the Carbon and nitrogen cycles and the Cordilleran Ice Sheet Development. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 37(7). doi:10.1029/2021PA004341

369

Röhl, U, Norris, RD and Ogg, JG (2003) Cyclostratigraphy of upper Paleocene and late Eocene sediments at Blake Nose Site 1051 (western North Atlantic). In: Gingerich, P, Schmitz, B, Thomas, E and Wing, S (eds.) Causes and Consequences of Globally Warm Climates in the Early Paleogene. Geological Society of America (GSA) Special Paper Series, 567-588. doi:10.1130/0-8137-2369-8.567 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Westerhold, T, Marwan, N, Drury, AJ, Liebrand, D, Agnini, C, Anagnostou, E, Barnet, JSK, Bohaty, SM, De Vleeschouwer, D, Florindo, F, Frederichs, T, Hodell, DA, Holbourn, AE, Kroon, D, Lauretano, V, Littler, K, Lourens, LJ, Lyle, M, Pälike, H, Röhl, U, Tian, J, Wilkens, RH, Wilson, PA and Zachos, JC (2020) An astronomically dated record of Earth’s climate and its predictability over the last 66 million years. Science, 369(6509). 1383-1387. doi:10.1126/science.aba6853

Zeeden, C, Hilgen, FJ, Westerhold, T, Lourens, LJ, Röhl, U and Bickert, T (2013) Revised Miocene splice, astronomical tuning and calcareous plankton biochronology of ODP Site 926 between 5 and 14.4 Ma. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 369. 430-451. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.11.009 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

367

Hull, PM, Bornemann, A, Penman, DE, Henehan, MJ, Norris, RD, Wilson, PA, Blum, P, Alegret, L, Batenburg, SJ, Bown, PR, Bralower, TJ, Cournède, C, Deutsch, A, Donner, B, Friedrich, O, Jehle, S, Kim, H, Kroon, D, Lippert, PC, Loroch, D, Moebius, I, Moriya, K, Peppe, DJ, Ravizza, GE, Röhl, U, Schueth, JD, Sepúlveda, J, Sexton, PF, Sibert, EC, Śliwińska, KK, Summons, RE, Thomas, E, Westerhold, T, Whiteside, JH, Yamaguchi, T and Zachos, JC (2020) On impact and volcanism across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Science, 367(6475). 266-272. doi:10.1126/science.aay5055

364

Henehan, MJ, Rae, JWB, Foster, GL, Erez, J, Prentice, KC, Kucera, M, Bostock, HC, Martínez-Botí, MA, Milton, JA, Wilson, PA, Marshall, BJ and Elliott, T (2013) Calibration of the boron isotope proxy in the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber for use in palaeo-CO2 reconstruction. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 364. 111-122. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.12.029

363

Drury, AJ, Kulhanek, DK, Westerhold, T, Ravelo, AC, Mountain, G, Holbourn, AE, Rosenthal, Y, Schmittner, A, Wurtzel, JB, Xu, J, Wilkens, R and Röhl, U (2021) Data report: composite depth scale and splice revision for IODP Site U1488 (Expedition 363 Western Pacific Warm Pool) using XRF core scanning data and core images. In: Rosenthal, Y, Holbourn, AE, Kulhanek, DK and Expedition 363 Scientists (eds.) Western Pacific Warm Pool. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 363. IODP Publicatons. doi:10.14379/iodp.proc.363.205.2021

Harris, DL, Vila-Concejo, A, Webster, JM and Power, HE (2015) Spatial variations in wave transformation and sediment entrainment on a coral reef sand apron. Marine Geology, 363. 220-229. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2015.02.010

Razik, S, Govin, A, Chiessi, CM and von Dobeneck, T (2015) Depositional provinces, dispersal, and origin of terrigenous sediments along the SE South American continental margin. Marine Geology, 363. 261-272. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2015.03.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rhein, M (2019) Taking a close look at ocean circulation. Science, 363(6426). 456-457. doi:10.1126/science.aaw3111

36

Alegret, L, Harper, DT, Agnini, C, Newsam, C, Westerhold, T, Cramwinckel, MJ, Dallanave, E, Dickens, GR and Sutherland, R (2021) Biotic response to early Eocene warming events: Integrated record from offshore Zealandia, north Tasman Sea. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36(8). doi:10.1029/2020PA004179

Alfken, S, Wörmer, L, Lipp, JS, Napier, T, Elvert, M, Wendt, J, Schimmelmann, A and Hinrichs, KU (2021) Disrupted coherence between upwelling strength and redox conditions reflects source water change in Santa Barbara Basin during the 20th century. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36(12). doi:10.1029/2021PA004354

Bahr, A, Kaboth‐Bahr, S, Jaeschke, A, Chiessi, CM, Cruz, F, Carvalho, L, Rethemeyer, J, Schefuß, E, Geppert, P, Albuquerque, AL, Pross, J and Friedrich, O (2021) Late Holocene precipitation fluctuations in South America triggered by variability of the North Atlantic overturning circulation. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36(9). doi:10.1029/2021PA004223

Burls, NJ, Bradshaw, CD, De Boer, AM, Herold, N, Huber, M, Pound, M, Donnadieu, Y, Farnsworth, A, Frigola, A, Gasson, E, von der Heydt, AS, Hutchinson, DK, Knorr, G, Lawrence, KT, Lear, CH, Li, X, Lohmann, G, Lunt, DJ, Marzocchi, A, Prange, M, Riihimaki, CA, Sarr, AC, Siler, N and Zhang, Z (2021) Simulating Miocene warmth: Insights from an opportunistic multi‐model ensemble (MioMIP1). Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36(5). doi:10.1029/2020PA004054

Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Taniguchi, NK, Prange, M, Campos, MC, Häggi, C, Schefuß, E, Pinho, TML, Frederichs, T, Portilho‐Ramos, RC, Sousa, SHM, Crivellari, S and Cruz, FW (2021) Mid‐ to late Holocene contraction of the Intertropical Convergence Zone over northeastern South America. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36(4). doi:10.1029/2020PA003936

Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Paul, A, Pätzold, J, Groeneveld, J and Wefer, G (2008) South Atlantic interocean exchange as the trigger for the Bølling warm event. Geology, 36(12). 919-922. doi:10.1130/G24979A.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Pätzold, J, Wefer, G and Marengo, JA (2009) Possible impact of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on the South American summer monsoon. Geophysical Research Letters, 36. L21707. doi:10.1029/2009GL039914 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dolman, AM, Groeneveld, J, Mollenhauer, G, Ho, SL and Laepple, T (2021) Estimating bioturbation from replicated small‐sample radiocarbon ages. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36(7). doi:10.1029/2020PA004142

Griffith, EM, Thomas, E, Lewis, AR, Penman, DE, Westerhold, T and Winguth, AME (2021) Bentho‐pelagic decoupling: The marine biological carbon pump during Eocene hyperthermals. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36(3). doi:10.1029/2020PA004053

Kieke, D and Rhein, M (2006) Variability of the Overflow water transport in the western subpolar North Atlantic, 1950-97. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 36(3). 435-456. doi:10.1175/JPO2847.1

Kieke, D, Rhein, M, Stramma, L, Smethie, WM, LeBel, D and Zenk, W (2006) Changes in the CFC Inventories and Formation Rates of Upper Labrador Sea Water, 1997 - 2001. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 36. 64-86. doi:10.1175/JPO2814.1

Lippold, J, Grützner, J, Winter, DM, Lahaye, Y, Mangini, A and Christl, M (2009) Does sedimentary 231Pa/230Th from the Bermuda Rise monitor past Atlantic Meridional Overtuning Circulation? Geophysical Research Letters, 36. L12601. doi:10.1029/2009GL038068 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lowery, CM, Jones, HL, Bralower, TJ, Cruz, LP, Gebhardt, C, Whalen, MT, Chenot, E, Smit, J, Phillips, MP, Choumiline, K, Arenillas, I, Arz, JA, Garcia, F, Ferrand, M, Gulick, SPS and Expedition 364 Science Party (2021) Early Paleocene paleoceanography and export productivity in the Chicxulub crater. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36(11). doi:10.1029/2021PA004241

Niedermeyer, EM, Prange, M, Mulitza, S, Mollenhauer, G, Schefuß, E and Schulz, M (2009) Extratropical forcing of Sahel aridity during Heinrich stadials. Geophysical Research Letters, 36. L20707. doi:10.1029/2009GL039687 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tapia, R, Ho, SL, Núñez‐Ricardo, S, Marchant, M, Lamy, F and Hebbeln, D (2021) Increased marine productivity in the southern Humboldt Current System during MIS 2–4 and 10–11. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36(4). doi:10.1029/2020PA004066

Weiser, J, Baumann, KH, Hahn, A and Zabel, M (2016) Late Holocene paleoceanographic changes off south-western Africa as inferred from coccolithophore assemblages. Journal of Nannoplankton Research, 36(2). 161-171.

357

Andrews, JT and Vogt, C (2014) Source to sink: Statistical identification of regional variations in the mineralogy of surface sediments in the western Nordic Seas (58°N–75°N; 10°W–40°W). Marine Geology, 357. 151-162. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2014.08.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

355

Allison, N, Venn, AA, Tambutté, S, Tambutté, E, Wilckens, FK, Kasemann, SA, Craven, J, Talavera, C and de Hoog, C (2023) A comparison of SNARF-1 and skeletal δ11B estimates of calcification media pH in tropical coral. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 355. 184-194. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2023.07.005

352

Raddatz, J, Liebetrau, V, Rüggeberg, A, Hathorne, EC, Krabbenhöft, A, Eisenhauer, A, Böhm, F, Vollstaedt, H, Fietzke, J, López Correa, M, Freiwald, A and Dullo, WC (2013) Stable Sr-isotope, Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, Li/Ca and Mg/Li ratios in the scleractinian cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa. Chemical Geology, 352. 143-152. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.06.013

35

Alfken, S, Wörmer, L, Lipp, JS, Wendt, J, Schimmelmann, A and Hinrichs, KU (2020) Mechanistic insights into molecular proxies through comparison of subannually resolved sedimentary records with instrumental water column data in the Santa Barbara Basin, Southern California. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(10). doi:10.1029/2020PA004076

Arnault, J, Niezgoda, K, Jung, G, Hahn, A, Zabel, M, Schefuß, E and Kunstmann, H (2022) Disentangling the contribution of moisture source change to isotopic proxy signatures: deuterium tracing with WRF-Hydro-iso-tag and application to southern African Holocene sediment archives. Journal of Climate, 35(22). 3855-3879. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0041.1

Becker, S, Losch, M, Brockmann, JM, Freiwald, G and Schuh, WD (2014) A tailored computation of the mean dynamic topography for a consistent integration into ocean circulation models. Surveys in Geophysics, 35(6). 1507-1525. doi:10.1007/s10712-013-9272-9 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Campos, MC, Chiessi, CM, Venancio, IM, Pinho, TML, Crivellari, S, Kuhnert, H, Schmiedl, G, Díaz, RA, Albuquerque, ALS, Portilho‐Ramos, RC, Bahr, A and Mulitza, S (2020) Constraining millennial‐scale changes in Northern Component Water ventilation in the western tropical South Atlantic. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(7). doi:10.1029/2020PA003876

Grimmer, F, Dupont, LM, Jung, G and Wefer, G (2020) Piacenzian environmental change and the onset of cool and dry conditions in tropical South America. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(11). doi:10.1029/2020PA004060

Hearty, PJ, Rovere, A, Sandstrom, MR, O'Leary, MJ, Roberts, D and Raymo, ME (2020) Pliocene‐Pleistocene Stratigraphy and sea‐level estimates, Republic of South Africa with implications for a 400 ppmv CO2 world. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(7). doi:10.1029/2019PA003835

Hebbeln, D, Lamy, F, Mohtadi, M and Echtler, H (2007) Tracing the impact of glacial/interglacial climate variability on erosion of the Southern Andes. Geology, 35(2). 131-134. doi:10.1130/G23243A.1

Hollstein, M, Mohtadi, M, Kienast, M, Rosenthal, Y, Groeneveld, J, Oppo, DW, Southon, JR and Lückge, A (2020) The impact of astronomical forcing on surface and thermocline variability within the Western Pacific Warm Pool over the past 160 kyr. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(6). doi:10.1029/2019PA003832

Huber, R and Klump, J (2009) Charting taxonomic knowledge through ontologies and ranking algorithms. Computers & Geosciences, 35(4). 862-868. doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2008.02.016

Johnstone, HJH, Kuhnert, H, Bickert, T, Romero, O and Pälike, H (2020) Single tests of hermocline dwelling foraminifera Globorotalia inflata as recorder of upper water column structure off Mauritania (NW Africa): methodology and paleoceanographic use. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(8). doi:10.1029/2019PA003844

Kim, JH, Meggers, H, Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G, Freudenthal, T, Müller, PJ and Schneider, RR (2007) Impacts of the North Atlantic gyre circulation on Holocene climate off northwest Africa. Geology, 35(5). 387-390. doi:10.1130/G23251A.1

Kiss, P, Jonkers, L, Hudáčková, N, Reuter, RT, Donner, B, Fischer, G and Kucera, M (2021) Determinants of planktonic foraminifera calcite flux: Implications for the prediction of intra‐ and inter‐annual pelagic carbonate budgets. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 35(9). doi:10.1029/2020GB006748

Knies, J, Matthiessen, J, Mackensen, A, Stein, R, Vogt, C, Frederichs, T and Nam, SI (2007) Effects of Arctic freshwater forcing on thermohaline circulation during the Pleistocene. Geology, 35(12). 1075-1078. doi:10.1130/G23966A.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Ni, S, Quintana Krupinski, NB, Groeneveld, J, Fanget, AS, Böttcher, ME, Liu, B, Lipka, M, Knudsen, KL, Naeraa, T, Seidenkrantz, MS and Filipsson, HL (2020) Holocene hydrographic variations from the Baltic‐North Sea transitional area (IODP Site M0059). Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(2). doi:10.1029/2019PA003722

Ronge, TA, Prange, M, Mollenhauer, G, Ellinghausen, M, Kuhn, G and Tiedemann, R (2020) Radiocarbon evidence for the contribution of the southern Indian Ocean to the evolution of atmospheric CO2 over the last 32,000 Years. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(3). doi:10.1029/2019PA003733

Syring, N, Lloyd, JM, Stein, R, Fahl, K, Roberts, DH, Callard, L and O'Cofaigh, C (2020) Holocene interactions between glacier retreat, sea ice formation, and Atlantic Water advection at the inner Northeast Greenland continental shelf. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 35(11). doi:10.1029/2020PA004019

348

Clarkson, MO, Kasemann, SA, Wood, RA, Lenton, TM, Daines, SJ, Richoz, S, Ohnemueller, F, Meixner, A, Poulton, SW and Tipper, ET (2015) Ocean acidification and the Permo-Triassic mass extinction. Science, 348(6231). 229-232. doi:10.1126/science.aaa0193 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Goudeau, MLS, Grauel, AL, Tessarolo, C, Leider, A, Chen, L, Bernasconi, SM, Versteegh, GJM, Zonneveld, KAF, Boer, W, Alonso-Hernandez, CM and de Lange, GJ (2014) The Glacial–Interglacial transition and Holocene environmental changes in sediments from the Gulf of Taranto, central Mediterranean. Marine Geology, 348. 88-102. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2013.12.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kleinen, T, Hildebrandt, S, Prange, M, Rachmayani, R, Müller, S, Bezrukova, E, Brovkin, V and Tarasov, PE (2014) The climate and vegetation of Marine Isotope Stage 11 – Model results and proxy-based reconstructions at global and regional scale. Quaternary International, 348. 247-265. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.12.028 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

344

Filipsson, HL and Nordberg, K (2010) Variations in organic carbon flux and stagnation periods during the last 2400 years in a Skagerrak fjord basin, inferred from benthic foraminiferal d13C. In: Howe, JA, Austin, WEN, Forwick, M and Paetzel, M (eds.) Fjord Systems and Archives. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 344. Geological Society, London, 261-270. doi:10.1144/SP344.18 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

343

Lamy, F, Gersonde, R, Winckler, G, Esper, O, Jaeschke, A, Kuhn, G, Ullermann, J, Martinez-Garcia, A, Lambert, F and Kilian, R (2014) Increased dust deposition in the Pacific Southern Ocean during glacial periods. Science, 343(6169). 403-407. doi:10.1126/science.1245424 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Preiss-Daimler, IV, Henrich, R and Bickert, T (2013) The final Miocene carbonate crash in the Atlantic: Assessing carbonate accumulation, preservation and production. Marine Geology, 343. 39-46. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.010

340

Houben, AJP, Bijl, PK, Pross, J, Bohaty, SM, Passchier, S, Stickley, CE, Röhl, U, Sugisaki, S, Tauxe, L, van de Flierdt, T, Olney, M, Sangiorgi, F, Sluijs, A, Escutia, C, Brinkhuis, H and Sawyer, DS (2013) Reorganization of Southern Ocean plankton ecosystem at the onset of Antarctic glaciation. Science, 340(6130). 341-344. doi:10.1126/science.1223646 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Pretet, C, Samankassou, E, Felis, T, Reynaud, S, Böhm, F, Eisenhauer, A, Ferrier-Pagès, C, Gattuso, JP and Camoin, G (2013) Constraining calcium isotope fractionation (d44/40Ca) in modern and fossil scleractinian coral skeleton. Chemical Geology, 340. 49-58. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.12.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

34

Anjar, J, Adrielsson, L, Bennike, O, Björck, S, Filipsson, HL, Groeneveld, J, Knudsen, KL, Larsen, NK and Möller, P (2012) Palaeoenvironments in the southern Baltic Sea Basin during Marine Isotope Stage 3: a multi-proxy reconstruction. Quaternary Science Reviews, 34. 81-92. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.12.009

Cappelli, C, Bown, PR, Westerhold, T, Bohaty, SM, Riu, M, Lobba, V, Yamamoto, Y and Agnini, C (2019) The early to middle Eocene transition: An integrated calcareous nannofossil and stable isotope record from the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1410). Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34. doi:10.1029/2019PA003686

Elshanawany, R, Zonneveld, KAF, Ibrahim, MI and Kholeif, SEA (2010) Distribution patterns of recent organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in relation to environmental parameters in the Mediterranean Sea. Palynology, 34(2). 233-260. doi:10.1080/01916121003711665 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Filipsson, HL and Nordberg, K (2004) A 200-year environmental record of a low oxygen fjord, Sweden, elucidated by benthic foraminifera, sediment characteristics and hydrographic data. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 34(4). 277-293. doi:10.2113/34.4.277

Gussone, N, Langer, G, Thoms, S, Nehrke, G, Eisenhauer, A, Riebesell, U and Wefer, G (2006) Cellular calcium pathways and isotope fractionation in Emiliania huxleyi. Geology, 34(8). 625-628. doi:10.1130/G22733.1

Hepp, DA, Romero, OE, Mörz, T, de Pol-Holz, R and Hebbeln, D (2019) How a river submerges into the sea: a geological record of changing a fluvial to a marine paleoenvironment during early Holocene sea level rise. Journal of Quaternary Science, 34(7). 581-592. doi:10.1002/jqs.3147

Jongma, JI, Prange, M, Renssen, H and Schulz, M (2007) Amplification of Holocene multicentennial climate forcing by mode transitions in North Atlantic overturning circulation. Geophysical Research Letters, 34. L15706. doi:10.1029/2007GL030642

Khider, D, Emile‐Geay, J, McKay, NP, Gil, Y, Garijo, D, Ratnakar, V, Alonso‐Garcia, M, Bertrand, S, Bothe, O, Brewer, P, Bunn, A, Chevalier, M, Comas‐Bru, L, Csank, A, Dassié, E, DeLong, K, Felis, T, Francus, P, Frappier, A, Gray, W, Goring, S, Jonkers, L, Kahle, M, Kaufman, D, Kehrwald, NM, Martrat, B, McGregor, H, Richey, J, Schmittner, A, Scroxton, N, Sutherland, E, Thirumalai, K, Allen, K, Arnaud, F, Axford, Y, Barrows, T, Bazin, L, Pilaar Birch, SE, Bradley, E, Bregy, J, Capron, E, Cartapanis, O, Chiang, HW, Cobb, KM, Debret, M, Dommain, R, Du, J, Dyez, K, Emerick, S, Erb, MP, Falster, G, Finsinger, W, Fortier, D, Gauthier, N, George, S, Grimm, E, Hertzberg, J, Hibbert, F, Hillman, A, Hobbs, W, Huber, M, Hughes, ALC, Jaccard, S, Ruan, J, Kienast, M, Konecky, B, Le Roux, G, Lyubchich, V, Novello, VF, Olaka, L, Partin, JW, Pearce, C, Phipps, SJ, Pignol, C, Piotrowska, N, Poli, MS, Prokopenko, A, Schwanck, F, Stepanek, C, Swann, GEA, Telford, R, Thomas, E, Thomas, Z, Truebe, S, Gunten, L, Waite, A, Weitzel, N, Wilhelm, B, Williams, J, Winstrup, M, Zhao, N and Zhou, Y (2019) PaCTS 1.0: A crowdsourced reporting standard for paleoclimate data. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34. 1570-1596. doi:10.1029/2019PA003632

Kieke, D, Rhein, M, Stramma, L, Smethie, WM, Bullister, JL and LeBel, D (2007) Changes in the pool of Labrador Sea Water in the subpolar North Atlantic. Geophysical Research Letters, 34. L06605. doi:10.1029/2006GL028959

Kunz, T and Laepple, T (2021) Frequency-dependent estimation of effective spatial degrees of freedom. Journal of Climate, 34(18). 7373-7388. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0228.1

Mei, L, Xue, Y, Kokhanovsky, AA, von Hoyningen-Huene, W, Istomina, L, de Leeuw, G, Burrows, JP, Guang, J and Jing, Y (2013) Aerosol optical depth retrieval over snow using AATSR data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 34(14). 5030-5041. doi:10.1080/01431161.2013.786197

Mendes, VR, Sawakuchi, AO, Chiessi, CM, Giannini, PCF, Rehfeld, K and Mulitza, S (2019) Thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence measured in marine sediments indicate precipitation changes over Northeastern Brazil. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34(8). 1476-1486. doi:10.1029/2019PA003691

Moffa‐Sanchez, P, Rosenthal, Y, Babila, TL, Mohtadi, M and Zhang, X (2019) Temperature evolution of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool over the Holocene and the last deglaciation. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34(7). 1107-1123. doi:10.1029/2018PA003455

Rhein, M, Kieke, D and Steinfeldt, R (2007) Ventilation of the Upper Labrador Sea Water, 2003-2005. Geophysical Research Letters, 34. L06603. doi:10.1029GL028540

Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G and Grosfeld, K (2007) Northern Hemisphere atmospheric blocking in ice core accumulation records from Northern Greenland. Geophysical Research Letters, 34. L09704. doi:10.1029/2006GL029175

Rivero‐Cuesta, L, Westerhold, T, Agnini, C, Dallanave, E, Wilkens, RH and Alegret, L (2019) Paleoenvironmental changes at ODP Site 702 (South Atlantic): Anatomy of the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34. doi:10.1029/2019PA003806

Ruan, Y, Mohtadi, M, Dupont, LM, Hebbeln, D, Kaars, S, Hopmans, EC, Schouten, S, Hyer, EJ and Schefuß, E (2020) Interaction of fire, vegetation, and climate in tropical ecosystems: A multiproxy study over the past 22,000 years. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 34(11). doi:10.1029/2020GB006677

Schreuder, LT, Hopmans, EC, Castañeda, IS, Schefuß, E, Mulitza, S, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Schouten, S (2019) Late Quaternary biomass burning in Northwest Africa and interactions with climate, vegetation, and humans. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34(2). 153-163. doi:10.1029/2018PA003467 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Thirumalai, K, DiNezio, PN, Tierney, JE, Puy, M and Mohtadi, M (2019) An El Niño mode in the glacial Indian Ocean? Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34(8). 1316-1327. doi:10.1029/2019PA003669

Völpel, R, Mulitza, S, Paul, A, Lynch-Stieglitz, J and Schulz, M (2019) Water mass versus sea level effects on benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope ratios in the Atlantic Ocean during the LGM. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34(1). 98-121. doi:10.1029/2018PA003359 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

339

Kim, JH, Romero, OE, Lohmann, G, Donner, B, Laepple, T, Haam, E and Damste, JSS (2012) Pronounced subsurface coolling of North Atlantic waters off Northwest Africa during Dansgaard-Oeschger interstadials. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 339. 95-102. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.05.018

Voelker, AHL, Jiménez-Espejo, FJ, Bahr, A, Rebotim, A, Cavaleiro, C, Salgueiro, E and Röhl, U (2018) Data report: IODP Site U1387: the revised splice between Sections U1387B-18X-3 and U1387C-8R-3 (>171.6 mcd). In: Stow, DAV, Hernandez-Molina, FJ, Alvarez-Zarikian, CA and Expedition 339 Scientists (eds.) Proceedings of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc., Tokyo. doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.339.204.2018

333-33

Kandiano, ES, Bauch, HA, Fahl, K, Helmke, JP, Röhl, U, Pérez-Folgado, M and Cacho, I (2012) The meridional temperature gradient in the eastern North Atlantic during MIS 11 and its link to the ocean-atmosphere system. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 333-33. 24-39. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.03.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

331

Giry, C, Felis, T, Kölling, M, Scholz, D, Wei, W, Lohmann, G and Scheffers, S (2012) Mid- to late Holocene changes in tropical Atlantic temperature seasonality and interannual to multidecadal variability documented in southern Caribbean corals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 331(332). 187-200. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.03.019 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Liu, X, Rendle-Bühring, R, Meyer, I and Henrich, R (2016) Holocene shelf sedimentation patterns off equatorial East Africa constrained by climatic and sea-level changes. Sedimentary Geology, 331. 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2015.10.009 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

33

Abegunrin, A, Hepp, DA, Gugliotta, M and Mörz, T (2023) The submerged Palaeo-Ems River in the Quaternary stratigraphic context of the German North Sea. The Holocene, 33(12). 1504-1516. doi:10.1177/09596836231197732

Brocas, WM, Felis, T, Gierz, P, Lohmann, G, Werner, M, Obert, JC, Scholz, D, Kölling, M and Scheffers, SR (2018) Last interglacial hydroclimate seasonality reconstructed from tropical Atlantic corals. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33. 198-213. doi:10.1002/2017PA003216 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

De Schepper, S and Head, MJ (2009) Pliocene-Pleistocene dinoflagellate cyst and acritarch zonation of DSDP Hole 610A, eastern North Atlantic. Palynology, 33(1). 179-218. doi:10.2113/gspalynol.33.1.179

Drury, AJ, Lee, GP, Gray, WR, Lyle, M, Westerhold, T, Shevenell, AE and John, CM (2018) Deciphering the state of the late Miocene to early Pliocene equatorial Pacific. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33(3). 246-263. doi:10.1002/2017PA003245

Dupont, LM, Donner, B, Vidal, L, Pérez, EM and Wefer, G (2005) Linking desert evolution and coastal upwelling: Pliocene climate change in Namibia. Geology, 33(6). 461-464. doi:10.1130/G21401.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Felis, T (2020) Extending the instrumental record of ocean-atmosphere variability into the last interglacial using tropical corals. Oceanography, 33(2). 68-79. doi:10.5670/oceanog.2020.209

Fischer, G, Romero, OE, Toby, E, Iversen, MH, Donner, B, Mollenhauer, G, Nowald, N, Ruhland, G, Klann, M, Hamady, B and Wefer, G (2019) Changes in the dust‐influenced biological carbon pump in the Canary Current System: implications from a coastal and an offshore sediment trap record off Cape Blanc, Mauritania. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 33(8). 1100-1128. doi:10.1029/2019GB006194

Herold, M and Lohmann, G (2009) Eemian tropical and subtropical African moisture transport: an isotope modelling study. Climate Dynamics, 33. 1075-1088. doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0515-2

Jiang, H, Eiriksson, J, Schulz, M, Knudsen, KL and Seidenkrantz, MS (2005) Evidence for solar forcing of sea-surface temperature on the North Icelandic shelf during the late Holocene. Geology, 33(1). 73-76. doi:10.1130/G21130.1

Mena, A, Francés, G, Pérez-Arlucea, M, Hanebuth, TJJ, Bender, VB and Nombela, MA (2018) Evolution of the Galicia Interior Basin over the last 60 ka: sedimentary processes and palaeoceanographic implications. Journal of Quaternary Science, 33(5). 536-549. doi:10.1002/jqs.3032

Obert, JC, Scholz, D, Lippold, J, Felis, T, Jochum, KP and Andreae, MO (2018) Chemical separation and MC-ICPMS analysis of U, Th, Pa and Ra isotope ratios of carbonates. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 33. 1372-1383. doi:10.1039/c7ja00431a

Pereira, LS, Arz, HW, Pätzold, J and Portilho‐Ramos, RC (2018) Productivity evolution in the South Brazilian Bight during the last 40,000 years. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33(12). 1339-1356. doi:10.1029/2018PA003406 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Robinson, MM, Miller, KG, Babila, TL, Bralower, TJ, Browning, JV, Cramwinckel, MJ, Doubrawa, M, Foster, GL, Fung, MK, Kinney, S, Makarova, M, McLaughlin, PP, Pearson, PN, Röhl, U, Schaller, MF, Self-Trail, JM, Sluijs, A, Westerhold, T, Wright, JD and Zachos, JC (2024) Paleogene Earth perturbations in the US Atlantic Coastal Plain (PEP-US): coring transects of hyperthermals to understand past carbon injections and ecosystem responses. Scientific Drilling, 33(1). 47-65. doi:10.5194/sd-33-47-2024

Schmidt, C, Kucera, M and Uthicke, S (2014) Combined effects of warming and ocean acidification on coral reef Foraminifera Marginopora vertebralis and Heterostegina depressa. Coral Reefs, 33(3). 805-818. doi:10.1007/s00338-014-1151-4 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sima, A, Paul, A, Schulz, M and Oerlemans, J (2006) Modeling the oxygen-isotopic composition of the North American Ice Sheet and its effect on the oxygen-isotopic composition of the ocean during the last glacial cycle. Geophysical Research Letters, 33. L15706. doi:10.1029/2006GL026923

Weldeab, S, Schneider, RR, Kölling, M and Wefer, G (2005) Holocene African droughts relate to eastern equatorial Atlantic cooling. Geology, 33(12). 981-984. doi:10.1130/G21874.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, Donner, B and Zachos, JC (2018) Global extent of early Eocene hyperthermal events: A new Pacific benthic foraminiferal isotope record from Shatsky Rise (ODP Site 1209). Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 33(6). 626-642. doi:10.1029/2017PA003306 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Yasuhara, M, Huang, HH, Hull, P, Rillo, M, Condamine, F, Tittensor, D, Kučera, M, Costello, M, Finnegan, S, O’Dea, A, Hong, Y, Bonebrake, T, McKenzie, R, Doi, H, Wei, CL, Kubota, Y and Saupe, E (2020) Time machine biology: Cross-timescale integration of ecology, evolution, and oceanography. Oceanography, 33(2). doi:10.5670/oceanog.2020.225

de Pol-Holz, R, Ulloa, O, Dezileau, L, Kaiser, J, Lamy, F and Hebbeln, D (2006) Melting of the Patagonian Ice Sheet and deglacial perturbations of the nitrogen cycle in the Eastern South Pacific. Geophysical Research Letters, 33. Lo4704. doi:10.1029/2005GL024477

329

Yu, Y, Hathorne, E, Siebert, C, Felis, T, Rajendran, CP and Frank, M (2022) Monthly resolved coral barium isotopes record increased riverine inputs during the South Asian summer monsoon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 329. 152-167. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2022.05.001

328

Martinez-Garcia, A, Rosell-Melé, A, McClymont, EL, Gersonde, R and Haug, GH (2010) Subpolar Link to the Emergence of the Modern Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue. Science, 328(5985). 1550-1553. doi:10.1126/Science.1184480 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

326

Sepúlveda, J, Wendler, J, Summons, RE and Hinrichs, KU (2009) Rapid Resurgence of Marine Productivity After the Cretaceous-Paleogene Mass Extinction. Science, 326. 129-132. doi:10.1126/science.1176233

325

Drysdale, RN, Hellstrom, JC, Zanchetta, G, Fallick, AE, Sánchez-Goni, MF, Couchoud, I, McDonald, J, Maas, R, Lohmann, G and Isola, I (2009) Evidence for obliquity forcing of glacial Termination II. Science, 325. 1527-1531. doi:10.1126/science.1170371

322

Nascimento, RA, Johnstone, HJH, Kuhnert, H, Santos, TP, Venancio, IM, Chiessi, CM, Ballalai, JM, Campos, MC, Govin, A, Mulitza, S and Albuquerque, ALS (2023) Long-term variability of the western tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature driven by greenhouse gases and AMOC. Quaternary Science Reviews, 322. 108431. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108431

32

Dima, M and Lohmann, G (2009) Conceptual model for millennial climate variability: a possible combined solar-thermohaline circulation origin for the ~1,500-year cycle. Climate Dynamics, 32(2-3). 301-311. doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0471-x

Hernández-Almeida, I, Cortese, G, Yu, PS, Chen, MT and Kucera, M (2017) Environmental determinants of radiolarian assemblages in the western Pacific since the last deglaciation. Paleoceanography, 32(8). 830-847. doi:10.1002/2017PA003159 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hollstein, M, Mohtadi, M, Rosenthal, Y, Moffa Sanchez, P, Oppo, D, Martínez Méndez, G, Steinke, S and Hebbeln, D (2017) Stable oxygen isotopes and Mg/Ca in planktic foraminifera from modern surface sediments of the Western Pacific Warm Pool: implications for thermocline reconstructions. Paleoceanography, 32(11). 1174-1194. doi:10.1002/2017PA003122 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Huang, X, Stärz, M, Gohl, K, Knorr, G and Lohmann, G (2017) Impact of Weddell Sea shelf progradation on Antarctic bottom water formation during the Miocene. Paleoceanography, 32(3). 304-317. doi:10.1002/2016PA002987 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Klocker, A, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2005) Testing the influence of the Central American seaway on orbitally forced Northern Hemisphere glaciation. Geophysical Research Letters, 32. L03703. doi:10.1029/2004GL02

Kurahashi-Nakamura, T, Paul, A and Losch, M (2017) Dynamical reconstruction of the global ocean state during the Last Glacial Maximum. Paleoceanography, 32(4). 326-350. doi:10.1002/2016PA003001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Littler, K, Westerhold, T, Drury, AJ, Liebrand, D, Lisiecki, LE and Pälike, H (2019) Astronomical time keeping of Earth history: An invaluable contribution of scientific ocean drilling. Oceanography, 32(1). 72-76. doi:10.5670/oceanog.2019.122

Max, L, Rippert, N, Lembke-Jene, L, Mackensen, A, Nürnberg, D and Tiedemann, R (2017) Evidence for enhanced convection of North Pacific Intermediate Water to the low-latitude Pacific under glacial conditions. Paleoceanography, 32(1). 41-55. doi:10.1002/2016PA002994 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mulitza, S, Chiessi, CM, Schefuß, E, Lippold, J, Wichmann, D, Antz, B, Mackensen, A, Paul, A, Prange, M, Rehfeld, K, Werner, M, Bickert, T, Frank, N, Kuhnert, H, Lynch-Stieglitz, J, Portilho-Ramos, RC, Sawakuchi, AO, Schulz, M, Schwenk, T, Tiedemann, R, Vahlenkamp, M and Zhang, Y (2017) Synchronous and proportional deglacial changes in Atlantic meridional overturning and northeast Brazilian precipitation. Paleoceanography, 32(6). 622-633. doi:10.1002/2017PA003084 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Otto-Bliesner, BL, Schneider, RR, Brady, EC, Kucera, M, Abe-Ouchi, A, Bard, E, Braconnot, P, Crucifix, M, Hewitt, CD, Kageyama, M, Marti, O, Paul, A, Rosell-Melé, A, Waelbroeck, C, Weber, SL, Weinelt, M and Yu, Y (2009) A comparison of PMIP2 model simulations and the MARGO proxy reconstruction for tropical sea surface temperatures at last glacial maximum. Climate Dynamics, 32. 799-815. doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0509-0

Rachmayani, R, Prange, M, Lunt, DJ, Stone, EJ and Schulz, M (2017) Sensitivity of the Greenland Ice Sheet to interglacial climate forcing: MIS 5e versus MIS 11. Paleoceanography, 32(11). 1089-1101. doi:10.1002/2017PA003149 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rahmstorf, S, Crucifix, M, Ganopolski, A, Goosse, H, Kamenkovich, I, Knutti, R, Lohmann, G, Marsh, B, Mysak, LA, Wang, Z and Weaver, A (2005) Thermohaline circulation hysteresis: a model intercomparison. Geophysical Research Letters, 32. L23605. doi:10.1029/2005GL023655

Rhein, M, Fischer, J, Smethie, WM, Smythe-Wright, D, Mertens, C, Min, DH, Fleischmann, U and Putzka, A (2002) Labrador Sea Water: Pathways CFC inventory and formation rates. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 32. 648-665. doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2002)032<0648:LSWPCI>2.0.CO;2

Saraswat, R, Nigam, R, Weldeab, S, Mackensen, A and Naidu, PD (2005) A first look at past sea surface temperatures in the equatorial Indian Ocean from Mg/Ca in foraminifera. Geophysical Research Letters, 32. L24605. doi:10.1029/2005GL024093

Sarnthein, M, van Kreveld, SA, Erlenkeuser, H, Grootes, PM, Kucera, M, Pflaumann, U and Schulz, M (2003) Centennial-to-millennial-scale periodicities of Holocene climate and sediment injections off western Barents shelf, 75°N. Boreas, 32(3). 447-461. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3885.2003.tb01227.x PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schmittner, A, Bostock, HC, Cartapanis, O, Curry, WB, Filipsson, HL, Galbraith, ED, Gottschalk, J, Herguera, JC, Hoogakker, B, Jaccard, SL, Lisiecki, LE, Lund, DC, Martínez-Méndez, G, Lynch-Stieglitz, J, Mackensen, A, Michel, E, Mix, AC, Oppo, DW, Peterson, CD, Repschläger, J, Sikes, EL, Spero, HJ and Waelbroeck, C (2017) Calibration of the carbon isotope composition (δ13 C) of benthic foraminifera. Paleoceanography, 32(6). 512-530. doi:10.1002/2016PA003072

Stuut, JB, Crosta, X, van der Borg, K, Jansen, JHF and Schneider, RR (2004) Relationship between Antarctic sea ice and southwest African climate during the Late Quaternary. Geology, 32(10). 909-912. doi:10.1130/G20709.1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tanhua, T, Bulsiewicz, K and Rhein, M (2005) Spreading of Overflow Water from the Greenland to the Labrador Sea. Geophysical Research Letters, 32(10). L10605. doi:10.1029/2005GL022700

Voigt, I, Cruz, APS, Mulitza, S, Chiessi, CM, Mackensen, A, Lippold, J, Antz, B, Zabel, M, Zhang, Y, Barbosa, CF and Tisserand, AA (2017) Variability in mid-depth ventilation of the western Atlantic Ocean during the last deglaciation. Paleoceanography, 32(9). 948-965. doi:10.1002/2017PA003095 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Walter, M, Mertens, C and Rhein, M (2005) Mixing estimates from a large-scale hydrographic survey in the North Atlantic. Geophysical Research Letters, 32. L13605. doi:10.1029/2005GL022471

Warratz, G, Henrich, R, Voigt, I, Chiessi, CM, Kuhn, G and Lantzsch, H (2017) Deglacial changes in the strength of deep southern component water and sediment supply at the Argentine continental margin. Paleoceanography, 32(8). 796-812. doi:10.1002/2016PA003079 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zeebe, RE, Westerhold, T, Littler, K and Zachos, JC (2017) Orbital forcing of the Paleocene and Eocene carbon cycle. Paleoceanography, 32(5). 440-465. doi:10.1002/2016PA003054

319-32

Seuss, B, Titschack, J, Seifert, S, Neubauer, J and Nützel, A (2012) Oxygen and stable carbon isotopes from a nautiloid from the middle Pennsylvanian (Late Carboniferous) impregnation Lagerstätte ‘Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry’ — Primary paleo-environmental signals versus diagenesis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 319-32. 1-15. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.12.008

319

Bornemann, A, Norris, RD, Friedrich, O, Beckmann, B, Schouten, S, Damste, JSS, Vogel, J, Hofmann, P and Wagner, T (2008) Isotopic evidence for glaciation during the cretaceous supergreenhouse. Science, 319(5860). 189-192. doi:10.1126/science.1148777 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

318

Expedition 318 Scientists (2010) Wilkes Land glacial history: Cenozoic East Antarctic ice sheet evolution from Wilkes Land margin sediments. IODP Preliminary Report, 318. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc. doi:10.2204/iodp.pr.318.2010

317-31

Butzin, M, Prange, M and Lohmann, G (2012) Readjustment of glacial radiocarbon chronologies by self-consistent three-dimensional ocean circulation modeling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 317-31. 177-184. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.046 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Channell, JET, Hodell, DA, Romero, OE, Hillaire-Marcel, C, de Vernal, A, Stoner, JS, Mazaud, A and Röhl, U (2012) A 750-kyr detrital-layer stratigraphy for the North Atlantic (IODP Sites U1302-U1303, Orphan Knoll, Labrador Sea). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 317-31. 218-230. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.029 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zhang, X, Prange, M, Steph, S, Butzin, M, Krebs, U, Lunt, DJ, Nisancioglu, KH, Park, W, Schmittner, A, Schneider, B and Schulz, M (2012) Changes in equatorial Pacific thermocline depth in response to Panamanian seaway closure: Insights from a multi-model study. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 317-31. 76-84. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.028 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

317

Mackensen, A (2012) Strong thermodynamic imprint on Recent bottom-water and epibenthic d13C in the Weddell Sea revealed: Implications for glacial Southern Ocean ventilation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 317. 20-26. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.030

316

Lynch-Stieglitz, J, Adkins, J, Curry, WB, Dokken, T, Hall, IR, Herguera, JC, Hirschi, JJM, Ivanova, EV, Kissel, C, Marchal, O, Marchitto, TM, McCave, IN, McManus, JF, Mulitza, S, Ninnemann, U, Peeters, FJC, Yu, EF and Zahn, R (2007) Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum. Science, 316. 66-69. doi:10.1126/science.1137127

315

McGregor, HV, Dima, M, Fischer, HW and Mulitza, S (2007) Rapid 20th century increase in coastal upwelling off northwest Africa. Science, 315. 637-639. doi:10.1126/science.1134839 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Weijers, JWH, Schefuß, E, Schouten, S and Sinninghe Damsté, JS (2007) Coupled Thermal and Hydrological Evolution of Tropical Africa over the Last Deglaciation. Science, 315. 1701-1704. doi:10.1126/science.1138131 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

313

Steinsland, K, Grant, DM, Ninnemann, US, Fahl, K, Stein, R and De Schepper, S (2023) Sea ice variability in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre throughout the Last Interglacial. Quaternary Science Reviews, 313. 108198. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108198

311

Langebroek, PM, Werner, M and Lohmann, G (2011) Climate information imprinted in oxygen-isotopic composition of precipitation in Europe. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 311(1-2). 144-154. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.08.049

310

Daniau, AL, Loutre, MF, Swingedouw, D, Laepple, T, Bassinot, F, Malaizé, B, Kageyama, M, Charlier, K and Carfantan, H (2023) Precession and obliquity forcing of the South African monsoon revealed by sub-tropical fires. Quaternary Science Reviews, 310. 108128. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108128

März, C, Vogt, C, Schnetger, B and Brumsack, HJ (2011) Variable Eocene-Miocene sedimentation processes and bottom water redox conditions in the Central Arctic Ocean (IODP Expeditrion 302). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 310(3-4). 526-537. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.08.025 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Nürnberg, D, Dethleff, D, Tiedemann, R, Kaiser, A and Gorbarenko, SA (2011) Okhotsk Sea ice coverage and Kamchatka glaciation over the last 350 ka - Evidence from ice-rafted debris and planktonic d18O. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 310(3-4). 191-205. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.07.011

31

Baqloul, A, Schefuß, E, Kölling, M, Dupont, L, Groeneveld, J, Zhao, X, Reddad, H, Bouchaou, L and Bouimetarhan, I (2021) Climate and land-use effects on hydrological and vegetation signals during the last three millennia: Evidence from sedimentary leaf waxes in southwestern Morocco. The Holocene, 31(5). 699-708. doi:10.1177/0959683620988053

D'Onofrio, R, Luciani, V, Fornaciari, E, Giusberti, L, Boscolo Galazzo, F, Dallanave, E, Westerhold, T, Sprovieri, M and Telch, S (2016) Environmental perturbations at the early Eocene ETM2, H2, and I1 events as inferred by Tethyan calcareous plankton (Terche section, northeastern Italy). Paleoceanography, 31(9). 1225-1247. doi:10.1002/2016PA002940

Grützner, J, Rebesco, M, Cooper, AK, Forsberg, CF, Kryc, KA and Wefer, G (2003) Evidence for orbitally controlled size variations of the East Antarctic ice sheet during the late Miocene. Geology, 31. 777-780. doi:10.1130/G19574.1

Howe, JNW, Piotrowski, AM, Oppo, DW, Huang, KF, Mulitza, S, Chiessi, CM and Blusztajn, J (2016) Antarctic intermediate water circulation in the South Atlantic over the past 25,000 years. Paleoceanography, 31(10). 1302-1314. doi:10.1002/2016PA002975 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Ionita, M, Rimbu, N and Lohmann, G (2011) Decadal variability of the Elbe river streamflow. International Journal of Climatology, 31(1). 22-30. doi:10.1002/joc.2054

Klein, B and Rhein, M (2004) Equatorial Upwelling Rates inferred from helium isotope data: a novel approach. Geophysical Research Letters, 31. L23308. doi:10.1029/2004GL021262

Korff, L, von Dobeneck, T, Frederichs, T, Kasten, S, Kuhn, G, Gersonde, R and Diekmann, B (2016) Cyclic magnetite dissolution in Pleistocene sediments of the abyssal northwest Pacific Ocean: Evidence for glacial oxygen depletion and carbon trapping. Paleoceanography, 31(5). 600-624. doi:10.1002/2015PA002882 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kretschmer, K, Kucera, M and Schulz, M (2016) Modeling the distribution and seasonality of Neogloboquadrina pachydermain the North Atlantic Ocean during Heinrich Stadial 1. Paleoceanography, 31(7). 986-1010. doi:10.1002/2015PA002819 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kuhlmann, H, Meggers, H, Freudenthal, T and Wefer, G (2004) The transition of the monsoonal and the N Atlantic climate system off NW Africa during the Holocene. Geophysical Research Letters, 31. L22204. doi:10.1029/2004GL021267 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

McKay, CL, Filipsson, HL, Romero, OE, Stuut, JBW and Björck, S (2016) The interplay between the surface and bottom water environment within the Benguela Upwelling System over the last 70 ka. Paleoceanography, 31(2). 266-285. doi:10.1002/2015PA002792

Meyer, VD, Max, L, Hefter, J, Tiedemann, R and Mollenhauer, G (2016) Glacial-to-Holocene evolution of sea surface temperature and surface circulation in the subarctic northwest Pacific and the Western Bering Sea. Paleoceanography, 31(7). 916-927. doi:10.1002/2015PA002877 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Molina-Kescher, M, Frank, M, Tapia, R, Ronge, TA, Nürnberg, D and Tiedemann, R (2016) Reduced admixture of North Atlantic Deep Water to the deep central South Pacific during the last two glacial periods. Paleoceanography, 31(6). 651-668. doi:10.1002/2015PA002863 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Morard, R, Reinelt, M, Chiessi, CM, Groeneveld, J and Kucera, M (2016) Tracing shifts of oceanic fronts using the cryptic diversity of the planktonic foraminiferaGloborotalia inflata. Paleoceanography, 31(9). 1193-1205. doi:10.1002/2016PA002977 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Prange, M and Schulz, M (2004) A coastal upwelling seesaw in the Atlantic Ocean as a result of the closure of the Central American Seaway. Geophysical Research Letters, 31. L17207. doi:10.1029/2004GL020073

Preiß-Daimler, I, Baumann, KH and Henrich, R (2012) Carbonate budget mass estimates for Neogene discoasters from the Equatorial Atlantic (Ceara Rise: ODP Site 927). Journal of Micropalaeontology, 31. 169-178. doi:10.1144/0262-821X11-014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rhein, M, Walter, M, Mertens, C, Steinfeldt, R and Kieke, D (2004) Circulation of North Atlantic Deep Water at 16°N, 2000-2003. Geophysical Research Letters, 31. LI4305. doi:10.1029/2004GL019993

Tabel, J, Khater, C, Rhoujjati, A, Dezileau, L, Bouimetarhan, I, Carre, M, Vidal, L, Benkaddour, A, Nourelbait, M and Cheddadi, R (2016) Environmental changes over the past 25 000 years in the southern Middle Atlas, Morocco. Journal of Quaternary Science, 31(2). 93-102. doi:10.1002/jqs.2841

Ullermann, J, Lamy, F, Ninnemann, U, Lembke-Jene, L, Gersonde, R and Tiedemann, R (2016) Pacific-Atlantic Circumpolar Deep Water coupling during the last 500 ka. Paleoceanography, 31(6). 639-650. doi:10.1002/2016PA002932 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Voigt, J, Hathorne, EC, Frank, M and Holbourn, A (2016) Minimal influence of recrystallization on middle Miocene benthic foraminiferal stable isotope stratigraphy in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Paleoceanography, 31(1). 98-114. doi:10.1002/2015PA002822 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Xiao, W, Frederichs, T, Gersonde, R, Kuhn, G, Esper, O and Zhang, X (2016) Constraining the dating of late Quaternary marine sediment records from the Scotia Sea (Southern Ocean). Quaternary Geochronology, 31. 97-118. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2015.11.003

309

De Schepper, S, Fischer, EI, Groeneveld, J, Head, MJ and Matthiessen, J (2011) Deciphering the palaeoecology of Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene dinoflagellate cysts. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 309(1-2). 17-32. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.04.020 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Okuma, E, Hingst, J, Weiser, J, Madaj, L, Titschack, J, Vogt, C, Kienast, M, Hillaire-Marcel, C, Hebbeln, D and Kasemann, SA (2023) Deglacial and Holocene sediment dynamics and provenances off Lancaster Sound: implications for paleoenvironmental conditions in northern Baffin Bay. Quaternary Science Reviews, 309. 108101. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108101

308

Jaccard, SL, Haug, GH, Sigman, DM, Pedersen, TF, Thierstein, HR and Röhl, U (2005) Glacial/Interglacial changes in Subarctic North Pacific Stratification. Science, 308(5724). 1003-1006. doi:10.1126/science.1108696

Morley, AMV, Schulz, M, Rosenthal, Y, Mulitza, S, Paul, A and Rühlemann, C (2011) Solar modulation of North Atlantic central water formation at multidecadal timescales during the late Holocene. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 308. 161-171. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.05.043

Zachos, JC, Röhl, U, Schellenberg, SA, Sluijs, A, Hodell, DA, Kelly, DC, Thomas, E, Nicolo, MJ, Raffi, I, Lourens, LJ, McCarren, H and Kroon, D (2005) Rapid Acidification of the Ocean During the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Science, 308(5728). 1611-1615. doi:10.1126/science.1109004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

307

Chuang, PC, Dale, AW, Heuer, VB, Hinrichs, KU and Zabel, M (2021) Coupling of dissolved organic carbon, sulfur and iron cycling in Black Sea sediments over the Holocene and the late Pleistocene: Insights from an empirical dynamic model. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 307. 302-318. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2021.04.032

306

Jennerjahn, TC, Ittekkot, V, Arz, HW, Behling, H, Pätzold, J and Wefer, G (2004) Asynchronous terrestrial and marine signals of climate change during Heinrich Events. Science, 306. 2236-2239. doi:10.1126/science.1102490 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Müller, J, Wagner, A, Fahl, K, Stein, R, Prange, M and Lohmann, G (2011) Towards quantitative sea ice reconstructions in the northern North Atlantic: A combined biomarker and numerical modelling approach. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 306. 137-148. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.04.011

305

Hawthorne, D, Lawson, IT, Dargie, GC, Bocko, YE, Ifo, SA, Garcin, Y, Schefuß, E, Hiles, W, Jovani-Sancho, AJ, Tyrrell, G, Biddulph, GE, Boom, A, Chase, BM, Gulliver, P, Page, SE, Roucoux, KH, Sjögersten, S, Young, DM and Lewis, SL (2023) Genesis and development of an interfluvial peatland in the central Congo Basin since the Late Pleistocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 305. 107992. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.107992

304

Lamy, F, Kaiser, J, Ninnemann, U, Hebbeln, D, Arz, HW and Stoner, JS (2004) Antarctic timing of surface water changes off Chile and Patagonian ice-sheet response. Science, 304(5679). 1959-1962. doi:10.1126/science.1097863

303

Mackensen, A (2008) On the use of benthic foraminiferal d13C in paleoceanography: constraints from primary proxy relationships. In: Austin, WEN and James, RH (eds.) Biogeochemical controls on Palaeoceanographic Climate Proxies. Special Publications, 303. Geological Society of London, 121-133. doi:10.1144/SP303.9

302

Graham, CC, Röhl, U, Skinner, AC and Wallrabe-Adams, HJ (2006) Methods, Expedition 302 Scientists. In: Backman, J, Moran, K, McInroy, D, Mayer, LA and Expedition 302 Scientists (eds.) Proceedings of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc.. doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.302.2006

Kohn, M, Steinke, S, Baumann, KH, Donner, B, Meggers, H and Zonneveld, KAF (2011) Stable oxygen isotopes from the calcareous-walled dinoflagellate Thoracosphaera heimii as a proxy for changes in mixed layer temperatures off NW Africa during the last 45,000 yr. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 302(3-4). 311-322. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01.019 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

301

Karas, C, Nürnberg, D, Tiedemann, R and Garbe-Schönberg, CD (2011) Pliocene climate change of the Southwest Pacific and the impact of ocean gateways. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 301(1-2). 117-124. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.10.028 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mollenhauer, G, McManus, JF, Wagner, T, McCave, IN and Eglinton, TI (2011) Radiocarbon and Th-230 data reveal rapid redistribution and temporal changes in sediment focussing at a North Atlantic drift. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 301(1-2). 373-381. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.022 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Pahnke, K, Zahn, R, Elderfield, H and Schulz, M (2003) 340,000-Year Centennial-Scale Marine Record of Southern Hemisphere. Science, 301(5635). 948-952. doi:10.1126/science.1084451 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

300

Arz, HW, Lamy, F, Pätzold, J, Müller, PJ and Prins, MA (2003) Mediterranean Moisture Source for an Early-Holocene Humid Period in the Northern Red Sea. Science, 300(5616). 118-121. doi:10.1126/science.1080325 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lopes dos Santos, RA, Prange, M, Castañeda, IS, Schefuß, E, Mulitza, S, Schulz, M, Niedermeyer, EM, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Schouten, S (2010) Glacial-interglacial variability in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and thermocline adjustments in the tropical North Atlantic. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 300(3-4). 407-414. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.10.030

30,7

Schott, FA, Dengler, M, Brandt, LP, Affler, K, Fischer, J, Bourles, B, Gouriou, Y, Molinari, RL and Rhein, M (2003) The zonal currents and transports at 35°W in the tropical Atlantic. Geophysical Research Letters, 30,7. 1349. doi:10.1029/2002GL016849

30

Böning, CW, Rhein, M, Dengg, J and Dorow, C (2003) Modelling CFC inventories and formation rates of Labrador Sea Water. Geophysical Research Letters, 30. 1050. doi:10.1029/2002GL014855

Chen, L, Zonneveld, KAF and Versteegh, GJM (2011) Short term climate variability during "Roman Classical Period" in the eastern Mediterranean. Quaternary Science Reviews, 30(27-28). 3880-3891. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.09.024 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dupont, LM (2011) Orbital scale vegetation change in Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews, 30. 3589-3602. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.09.019

Kim, JH, Schneider, RR, Mulitza, S and Müller, PJ (2003) Reconstruction of SE trade wind intensity based on sea-surface temperature gradients in the SE Atlantic over the last 25 kyr. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(22). 2144. doi:10.1029/2003GL017557 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mackensen, A, Rudolph, M and Kuhn, G (2001) Late Pleistocene deep-water circulation in the subantarctic eastern Atlantic. Global and Planetary Change, 30(3-4). 197-229. doi:10.1016/S0921-8181(01)00102-3 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Maier, E, Méheust, M, Abelmann, A, Gersonde, R, Chapligin, B, Ren, J, Stein, R, Meyer, H and Tiedemann, R (2015) Deglacial subarctic Pacific surface water hydrography and nutrient dynamics and links to North Atlantic climate variability and atmospheric CO2. Paleoceanography, 30(7). 949-968. doi:10.1002/2014PA002763 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G, Kim, JH, Arz, HW and Schneider, RR (2003) Arctic/North Atlantic Oscillation signature in Holocene sea surface temperature trends as obtained from alkenone data. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(6). 1280. doi:10.1029/2002GL016570

Rippert, N, Baumann, KH and Pätzold, J (2015) Thermocline fluctuations in the western tropical Indian Ocean during the past 35 ka. Journal of Quaternary Science, 30(3). 201-210. doi:10.1002/jqs.2767 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Ronge, TA, Steph, S, Tiedemann, R, Prange, M, Merkel, U, Nürnberg, D and Kuhn, G (2015) Pushing the boundaries: Glacial/interglacial variability of intermediate and deep waters in the southwest Pacific over the last 350,000 years. Paleoceanography, 30(2). 23-38. doi:10.1002/2014PA002727 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Setiawan, RY, Mohtadi, M, Southon, J, Groeneveld, J, Steinke, S and Hebbeln, D (2015) The consequences of opening the Sunda Strait on the hydrography of the eastern tropical Indian Ocean. Paleoceanography, 30(10). 1358-1372. doi:10.1002/2015PA002802 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Studer, AS, Sigman, DM, Martinez-Garcia, A, Benz, V, Winckler, G, Kuhn, G, Esper, O, Lamy, F, Jaccard, SL, Wacker, L, Oleynik, S, Gersonde, R and Haug, GH (2015) Antarctic Zone nutrient conditions during the last two glacial cycles. Paleoceanography, 30(7). 845-862. doi:10.1002/2014PA002745 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Voigt, I, Chiessi, CM, Prange, M, Mulitza, S, Groeneveld, J, Varma, V and Henrich, R (2015) Holocene shifts of the southern westerlies across the South Atlantic. Paleoceanography, 30(2). 39-51. doi:10.1002/2014PA002677 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Winter, A, Paul, A, Nyberg, J, Oba, T, Lundberg, J, Schrag, DP and Taggart, B (2003) Orbital control of low-latitude seasonality during the Ecemian. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(4). 1163. doi:10.1029/2002GL016275

Zheng, W, Braconnot, P, Guilyardi, E, Merkel, U and Yu, Y (2008) ENSO at 6 ka and 21 ka from ocean-atmosphere coupled model simulations. Climate Dynamics, 30. 745-762. doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0320-3

van Beek, P, Reyss, JL, Paterne, M, Gersonde, R, Rutgers van der Loeff, MM and Kuhn, G (2002) 226Ra in barite: absolute dating in Holocene Southern Ocean sediments and reconstruction of sea-surface reservoir ages. Geology, 30(8). 731-734. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0731:RIBADO>2.0.CO;2

3

Couette, PO, Lajeunesse, P, Ghienne, JF, Dorschel, B, Gebhardt, C, Hebbeln, D and Brouard, E (2022) Evidence for an extensive ice shelf in northern Baffin Bay during the Last Glacial Maximum. Communications Earth & Environment, 3(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00559-7

Dowsett, HJ, Foley, KM, Stoll, DK, Chandler, MA, Sohl, LE, Bentsen, M, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Bragg, FJ, Chan, WL, Contoux, C, Dolan, AM, Haywood, AM, Jonas, JA, Jost, A, Kamae, Y, Lohmann, G, Lunt, DJ, Nisancioglu, KH, Abe-Ouchi, A, Ramstein, G, Riesselman, CR, Robinson, MM, Rosenbloom, NA, Salzmann, U, Stepanek, C, Strother, SL, Ueda, H, Yan, Q and Zhang, Z (2013) Sea surface temperature of the mid-Piacenzian Ocean: A data-model Comparison. Scientific Reports, 3. doi:10.1038/srep02013

Felis, T, Merkel, U, Asami, R, Deschamps, P, Hathorne, EC, Kölling, M, Bard, E, Cabioch, G, Durand, N, Prange, M, Schulz, M, Cahyarini, SY and Pfeiffer, M (2012) Pronounced interannual variability in tropical South Pacific temperatures during Heinrich Stadial 1. Nature Communications, 3. 965. doi:10.1038/ncomms1973 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Giraud, X (2006) Modelling an alkenone-like proxy record in the NW African upwelling. Biogeosciences, 3. 1-19. doi:10.5194/bg-3-251-2006

Grant, KM, Amarathunga, U, Amies, JD, Hu, P, Qian, Y, Penny, T, Rodriguez-Sanz, L, Zhao, X, Heslop, D, Liebrand, D, Hennekam, R, Westerhold, T, Gilmore, S, Lourens, LJ, Roberts, AP and Rohling, EJ (2022) Organic carbon burial in Mediterranean sapropels intensified during Green Sahara Periods since 3.2 Myr ago. Communications Earth & Environment, 3(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-021-00339-9

Knies, J, Schönenberger, J, Zwingmann, H, van der Lelij, R, Smelror, M, Vullum, PE, Brönner, M, Vogt, C, Fredin, O, Müller, A, Grasby, SE, Beauchamp, B and Viola, G (2022) Continental weathering and recovery from ocean nutrient stress during the Early Triassic Biotic Crisis. Communications Earth & Environment, 3(1). doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00480-z

Lamy, F, Kilian, R, Arz, HW, Francois, JP, Kaiser, J, Prange, M and Steinke, T (2010) Holocene changes in the position and intensity of the southern westerly wind belt. Nature Geoscience, 3(10). 695-699. doi:10.1038/NGEO959 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Salzmann, U, Dolan, AM, Haywood, AM, Chan, WL, Voss, J, Hill, DJ, Abe-Ouchi, A, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Bragg, FJ, Chandler, M, Contoux, C, Dowsett, HJ, Jost, A, Kamae, Y, Lohmann, G, Lunt, DJ, Pickering, SJ, Pound, MJ, Ramstein, G, Rosenbloom, NA, Sohl, L, Stepanek, C, Ueda, H and Zhang, Z (2013) Challenges in quantifying Pliocene terrestrial warming revealed by data–model discord. Nature Climate Change, 3(11). 969-974. doi:10.1038/NCLIMATE2008

Zaric, S, Schulz, M and Mulitza, S (2006) Global prediction of planktic foraminiferal fluxes from hydrographic and productivity data. Biogeosciences , 3. 187-207. doi:10.5194/bg-3-187-2006

de Pol-Holz, R, Keigwin, LD, Southon, JR, Hebbeln, D and Mohtadi, M (2010) No signature of abyssal carbon in intermediate waters off Chile during deglaciaition. Nature Geoscience, 3(3). 192-195. doi:10.1038/ngeo745 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

299

Fietz, S, Baker, A, Miller, CS, Naafs, BDA, Peterse, F, Finch, J, Humphries, M, Schefuß, E, Roychoudhury, AN and Routh, J (2023) Terrestrial temperature evolution of southern Africa during the late Pleistocene and Holocene: Evidence from the Mfabeni Peatland. Quaternary Science Reviews, 299. 107870. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107870

298

Kujau, A, Nürnberg, D, Zielhofer, C, Bahr, A and Röhl, U (2010) Mississippi River discharge over the last ~560,000 years - Indications from X-ray fluorescence core-scanning. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 298. 311-318. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.10.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Naafs, BDA, Stein, R, Hefter, J, Khélifi, N, De Schepper, S and Haug, GH (2010) Late Pliocene changes in the North Atlantic Current. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 298(3-4). 434-442. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.08.023 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wirtz, KW, Lohmann, G, Bernhardt, K and Lemmen, C (2010) Mid-Holocene regional reorganization of climate variability: Analyses of proxy data in the frequency domain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 298(3-4). 189-200. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.09.019

296

Kimmritz, M, Danilov, S and Losch, M (2015) On the convergence of the modified elastic–viscous–plastic method for solving the sea ice momentum equation. Journal of Computational Physics, 296. 90-100. doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2015.04.051

295-29

Thomas, AL, Fujita, K, Iryu, Y, Bard, E, Cabioch, G, Camoin, G, Cole, JE, Deschamps, P, Durand, N, Hamelin, B, Heindel, K, Henderson, GM, Mason, AJ, Matsuda, H, Menabreaz, L, Omori, A, Quinn, T, Sakai, S, Sato, T, Sugihara, K, Takahashi, Y, Thouveny, N, Tudhope, AW, Webster, JM, Westphal, H and Yokoyama, Y (2012) Assessing subsidence rates and paleo water-depths for Tahiti reefs using U-Th chronology of altered corals. Marine Geology, 295-29. 86-94. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2011.12.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

293

Haug, GH, Hughen, KA, Sigman, DM, Peterson, LC and Röhl, U (2001) Southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone through the Holocene. Science, 293(5533). 1304-1308. doi:10.1126/science.1059725 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kelly, DC, Nielsen, TMJ, McCarren, HK, Zachos, JC and Röhl, U (2010) Spatiotemporal patterns of carbonate sedimentation in the South Atlantic: Implications for carbon cycling during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 293(1-2). 30-40. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.04.027 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

292

Lešić, NM, Streuff, KT, Bohrmann, G and Kuhn, G (2022) Glacimarine sediments from outer Drygalski Trough, sub-Antarctic South Georgia – evidence for extensive glaciation during the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews, 292. 107657. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107657

Mohtadi, M, Steinke, S, Lückge, A, Groeneveld, J and Hathorne, EC (2010) Glacial to Holocene surface hydrography of the tropical eastern Indian Ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 292(1-2). 89-97. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.024 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Seki, O, Foster, GL, Schmidt, DN, Mackensen, A, Kawamura, K and Pancost, RD (2010) Alkenone and boron based Pliocene pCO2 records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 292(1-2). 201-211. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.037 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stolz, K and Baumann, KH (2010) Changes in palaeoceanography and palaeoecology during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 in the eastern North Atlantic (ODP Site 980) deduced from calcareous nannoplankton observations. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 292(1-2). 295-305. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.04.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

291

Bory, AJM, Wolff, E, Mulvaney, R, Jagoutz, E, Wegner, A, Ruth, U and Elderfield, H (2010) Multiple sources supply eolian mineral dust to the Atlantic sector of coastal Antarctica: Evidence from recent snow layers at the top of Berkner Island ice sheet. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 291(1-4). 138-148. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Holzwarth, U, Meggers, H, Esper, O, Kuhlmann, H, Freudenthal, T, Hensen, C and Zonneveld, KAF (2010) NW African climate variations during the last 47,000 years: Evidence from organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 291(3-4). 443-455. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.03.013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

290

Gussone, N and Filipsson, HL (2010) Calcium isotope ratios in calcitic tests of benthic foraminifers. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 290. 108-117. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.12.010

29

Arz, HW, Gerhardt, S, Pätzold, J and Röhl, U (2001) Millennial-scale changes of surface- and deep-water flow in the western tropical Atlantic linked to Northern Hemisphere high-latitude climate during the Holocene. Geology, 29(3). 239-242. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0239:MSCOSA>2.0.CO;2 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

D'haenens, S, Bornemann, A, Claeys, P, Röhl, U, Steurbaut, E and Speijer, RP (2014) A transient deep-sea circulation switch during Eocene Thermal Maximum 2. Paleoceanography, 29. doi:10.1002/2013PA002567 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dassié, EP, Linsley, BK, Corrège, T, Wu, HC, Lemley, GM, Howe, S and Cabioch, G (2014) A Fiji multi-coral δ18O composite approach to obtaining a more accurate reconstruction of the last two-centuries of the ocean-climate variability in the South Pacific Convergence Zone region. Paleoceanography, 29(12). 1196-1213. doi:10.1002/2013pa002591

Deplazes, G, Lückge, A, Stuut, JBW, Pätzold, J, Kuhlmann, H, Husson, D, Fant, M and Haug, GH (2014) Weakening and strengthening of the Indian monsoon during Heinrich events and Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations. Paleoceanography, 29(2). 99-114. doi:10.1002/2013PA002509 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dickson, AJ, Leng, MJ, Maslin, MA and Röhl, U (2010) Oceanic, atmospheric and ice-sheet forcing of South East Atlantic Ocean productivity and South African monsoon intensity during MIS-12 to 10. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(27-28). 3936-3947. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.09.014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dupont, LM, Donner, B, Schneider, RR and Wefer, G (2001) Mid-Pleistocene environmental change in tropical Africa began as early as 1.05 Ma (palynological results of ODP Sites 1075). Geology, 29(3). 195-198.

Fine, RA, Rhein, M and Andrié, C (2002) Using a CFC effective age to estimate propagation and storage of climate anomalies in the deep western North Atlantic Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 29. 80-1 - 80-4. doi:10.1029/2002GL015618

Fischer, H, Schmitt, J, Lüthi, D, Stocker, TF, Tschumi, T, Parekh, P, Joos, F, Köhler, P, Völker, C, Gersonde, R, Barbante, C, Le Floch, M, Raynaud, D and Wolff, E (2010) The role of Southern Ocean processes in orbital and millennial CO2 variations - A synthesis. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(1-2). 193-205. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.06.007

Forke, S, Rixen, T, Burdanowitz, N, Lückge, A, Ramaswamy, V, Munz, P, Wilhelms-Dick, D, Vogt, C, Kasten, S and Gaye, B (2019) Sources of laminated sediments in the northeastern Arabian Sea off Pakistan and implications for sediment transport mechanisms during the late Holocene. The Holocene, 29(1). 130-144. doi:10.1177/0959683618804627 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Gabrielli, P, Wegner, A, Petit, JR, Delmonte, B, de Deckker, P, Gaspari, V, Fischer, H, Ruth, U, Kriews, M, Boutron, CF, Cescon, P and Barbante, C (2010) A major glacial-interglacial change in aeolian dust composition inferred from Rare Earth Elements in Antarctic ice. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(1-2). 265-273. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.002

Hessler, I, Dupont, LM, Bonnefille, R, Behling, H, González, C, Helmens, KF, Hooghiemstra, H, Lebamba, J, Ledru, MP, Lézine, AM, Maley, J, Marret, F and Vincens, A (2010) Millennial-scale changes in vegetation records from tropical Africa and South America during the last glacial. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(21-22). 2882-2899. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.029

Kageyama, M, Paul, A, Roche, DM and Van Meerbeeck, CJ (2010) Modelling glacial climatic millennial-scale variability related to changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation: a review. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(21-22). 2931-2956. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.05.029

Kaiser, J and Lamy, F (2010) Links between Patagonian Ice Sheet fluctuations and Anarctic dust variability during the last glacial period (MIS 4-2). Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(11-12). 1464-1471. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.03.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kaufmann, PR, Fundel, F, Fischer, H, Bigler, M, Ruth, U, Udisti, R, Hansson, ME, de Angelis, M, Barbante, C, Wolff, EW, Hutterli, MA and Wagenbach, D (2010) Ammonium and non-sea salt sulfate in the EPICA ice cores as indicator of biological activity in the Southern Ocean. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(1-2). 313-323. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.009

Kuhnert, H, Kuhlmann, H, Mohtadi, M, Meggers, H, Baumann, KH and Pätzold, J (2014) Holocene tropical western Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures in covariation with climatic changes in the Indonesian region. Paleoceanography, 29(5). 423-437. doi:10.1002/2013PA002555 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Köhler, P, Bintanja, R, Fischer, H, Joos, F, Knutti, R, Lohmann, G and Masson-Delmotte, V (2010) What caused Earth's temperature variations during the last 800,000 years? Data-based evidence on radiative forcing and constraints on climate sensitivity. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(1-2). 129-145. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.026

Leduc, G, Schneider, RR, Kim, JH and Lohmann, G (2010) Holocene and Eemian Sea surface temperature trends as revealed by alkenone and Mg/Ca paleothermometry. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(7-8). 989-1004. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.01.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lewandowska, AM, Jonkers, L, Auel, H, Freund, JA, Hagen, W, Kucera, M, Hillebrand, H and Tomasovych, A (2020) Scale dependence of temporal biodiversity change in modern and fossil marine plankton. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 29(6). 1008-1019. doi:10.1111/geb.13078

Merkel, U, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2010) ENSO variability and teleconnections during glacial climates. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(1-2). 86-100. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mil-Homens, M, Branco, V, Vale, C, Boer, W, Alt-Epping, U, Abrantes, FF and Vicente, M (2009) Sedimentary record of anthropogenic metal inputs in the Tagus prodelta (Portugal). Continental Shelf Research, 29. 381-392. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2008.10.002

Mohtadi, M, Lückge, A, Steinke, S, Groeneveld, J, Hebbeln, D and Westphal, N (2010) Late Pleistocene surface and thermocline conditions of the eastern tropical Indian Ocean. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(7-8). 887-896. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.12.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Niedermeyer, EM, Schefuß, E, Sessions, AL, Mulitza, S, Mollenhauer, G, Schulz, M and Wefer, G (2010) Orbital- and millennial-scale changes in the hydrologic cycle and vegetation in the western African Sahel: Insights from individual plant wax delta D and d13C. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(23-24). 2996-3005. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.06.039 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Osborne, AH, Newkirk, DR, Groeneveld, J, Martin, EE, Tiedemann, R and Frank, M (2014) The seawater neodymium and lead isotope record of the final stages of Central American Seaway closure. Paleoceanography, 29(7). 715-729. doi:10.1002/2014PA002676 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Prange, M, Romanova, V and Lohmann, G (2002) The glacial thermohaline circulation: Stable or unstable? Geophysical Research Letters, 29(21). 2028. doi:10.1029/2002GL015337

Prange, M, Steph, S, Schulz, M and Keigwin, LD (2010) Inferring moisture transport across Central America: Can modern analogs of climate variability help reconcile paleosalinity records? Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(11-12). 1317-1321. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.029

Salgueiro, E, Voelker, AHL, de Abreu, L, Abrantes, FF, Meggers, H and Wefer, G (2010) Temperature and productivity changes off the western Iberian margin during the last 150 ky. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(5-6). 680-695. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.013 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schulz, M, Paul, A and Timmermann, A (2002) Relaxation oscillators in concert: A framework for climate change at millennial timescales during the late Pleistocene. Geophysical Research Letters, 29(24). 2193. doi:10.1029/2002GL016144

Timmermann, A, Menviel, L, Okumura, Y, Schilla, A, Merkel, U, Timm, O, Hu, A, Otto-Bliesner, BL and Schulz, M (2010) Towards a quantitative understanding of millennial-scale Antarctic Warming Events. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(1-2). 74-85. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.06.021

Titschack, J, Zuschin, M, Spötl, C and Baal, C (2010) The giant oyster Hyotissa hyotis from the northern Red Sea as a decadal-scale archive for seasonal environmental fluctuations in coral reef habitats. Coral Reefs, 29(4). 1061-1075. doi:10.1007/s00338-010-0665-7 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Young, DM, Baird, AJ, Morris, PJ, Dargie, GC, Mampouya Wenina, YE, Mbemba, M, Boom, A, Cook, P, Betts, R, Burke, E, Bocko, YE, Chadburn, S, Crabtree, DE, Crezee, B, Ewango, CEN, Garcin, Y, Georgiou, S, Girkin, NT, Gulliver, P, Hawthorne, D, Ifo, SA, Lawson, IT, Page, SE, Jovani‐Sancho, AJ, Schefuß, E, Sciumbata, M, Sjögersten, S and Lewis, SL (2023) Simulating carbon accumulation and loss in the central Congo peatlands. Global Change Biology, 29(23). 6812-6827. doi:10.1111/gcb.16966

Zhao, X, Dupont, LM, Schefuß, E, Granger, R and Wefer, G (2019) Late-Holocene oceanic variability in the southern Benguela region driven by interplay of upwelling, fluvial discharge, and Agulhas leakage. The Holocene, 29(2). 219-230. doi:10.1177/0959683618810396 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

289

Gussone, N, Zonneveld, KAF and Kuhnert, H (2010) Minor element and Ca isotope composition of calcareous dinoflagellate cysts of Thoracosphaera heimii. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 289. 180-188. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.11.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Steinke, S, Groeneveld, J, Johnstone, HJH and Rendle-Bühring, R (2010) East Asian summer monsoon weakening after 7.5 Ma: Evidence from combined planktonic foraminifera Mg/Ca and delta 0-18 (ODP Site 1146; northern South China Sea). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 289(1-4). 33-43. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.02.007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

288

Asami, R, Felis, T, Deschamps, P, Hanawa, K, Iryu, Y, Bard, E, Durand, N and Murayama, M (2009) Evidence for tropical South Pacific climate change during the Younger Dryas and the Bølling-Allerød from geochemical records of fossil Tahiti corals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 288(1-2). 96-107. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.09.011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

287

Esper, O, Gersonde, R and Kadagies, N (2010) Diatom distribution in southeastern Pacific surface sediments and their relation to modern environmental variables. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 287(1-4). 1-27. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.12.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, McCarren, HK and Zachos, JC (2009) Latest on the absolute age of the Paleocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM): New insights from exact stratigraphic position of key ash layers +19 and -17. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 287. 412-419. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.027 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

286

Santos, TP, Shimizu, MH, Nascimento, RA, Venancio, IM, Campos, MC, Portilho-Ramos, RC, Ballalai, JM, Lessa, DO, Crivellari, S, Nagai, RH, Chiessi, CM, Kuhnert, H, Bahr, A and Albuquerque, ALS (2022) A data-model perspective on the Brazilian margin surface warming from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 286. 107557. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107557

Schulz, H, Lückge, A, Emeis, KC and Mackensen, A (2011) Variability of Holocene to Late Pleistocene Zambezi riverine sedimentation at the upper continental slope off Mozambique, 15°-21°S. Marine Geology, 286(1-4). 21-34. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2011.05.003

284

Kuhnert, H, Bickert, T and Paulsen, H (2009) Southern Ocean frontal system changes precede Antarctic ice sheet growth during the middle Miocene. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 284(3-4). 630-638. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.05.030 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

O'Reilly, L, Lim, A, Titschack, J, Moore, N, O'Connor, OJ, Appah, J, Fentimen, R, Butschek, F, Harris, K, Vennemann, T and Wheeler, AJ (2022) Using novel methods to track British and Irish Ice Sheet dynamics since the Late Pleistocene, along the west Porcupine Bank, NE Atlantic. Quaternary Science Reviews, 284. 107463. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107463

280

Liu, X, Dong, H, Yang, X, Herzschuh, U, Zhang, E, Stuut, JB and Wang, Y (2009) Late Holocene forcing of the Asian winter and summer monsoon as evidenced by proxy records from the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 280(1-4). 276-284. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.01.041

Saukel, C, Lamy, F, Stuut, JB, Tiedemann, R and Vogt, C (2011) Distribution and provenance of wind-blown SE Pacific surface sediments. Marine Geology, 280(1-4). 130-142. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2010.12.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Warnaar, J, Bijl, PK, Huber, M, Sloan, L, Brinkhuis, H, Röhl, U, Sriver, R and Visscher, H (2009) Orbitally forced climate changes in the Tasman sector during the Middle Eocene. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 280(3-4). 361-370. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.06.023 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

28

Bender, VB, Hanebuth, TJJ and Chiessi, CM (2013) Holocene shifts of the Subtropical Shelf Front off southeastern South America controlled by high and low latitude atmospheric forcings. Paleoceanography, 28(3). 481-490. doi:10.1002/palo.20044 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Burdanowitz, N, Dupont, LM, Zabel, M and Schefuß, E (2018) Holocene hydrologic and vegetation developments in the Orange River catchment (South Africa) and their controls. The Holocene, 28(8). 1288-1300. doi:10.1177/0959683618771484 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Edgar, KM, Pälike, H and Wilson, PA (2013) Testing the impact of diagenesis on the δ18O and δ13C of benthic foraminiferal calcite from a sediment burial depth transect in the equatorial Pacific. Paleoceanography, 28(3). 468-480. doi:10.1002/palo.20045 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

González, C and Dupont, LM (2009) Tropical salt marsh succession as sea-level indicator during Heinrich events. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28(9-10). 939-946. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.023

Granger, R, Meadows, ME, Hahn, A, Zabel, M, Stuut, JBW, Herrmann, N and Schefuß, E (2018) Late-Holocene dynamics of sea-surface temperature and terrestrial hydrology in southwestern Africa. The Holocene, 28(5). 695-705. doi:10.1177/0959683617744259

Greco, M, Werner, K, Zamelczyk, K, Rasmussen, TL and Kucera, M (2022) Decadal trend of plankton community change and habitat shoaling in the Arctic gateway recorded by planktonic foraminifera. Global Change Biology, 28(5). 1798-1808. doi:10.1111/gcb.16037

Hanebuth, TJJ and Henrich, R (2009) Recurrent decadal-scale dust events over Holocene western Africa and their control on canyon turbidite activity (Mauritania). Quaternary Science Reviews, 28(3-4). 261-270. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.09.024

Hathorne, EC, Felis, T, Suzuki, A, Kawahata, H and Cabioch, G (2013) Lithium in the aragonite skeletons of massive Porites corals: A new tool to reconstruct tropical sea surface temperatures. Paleoceanography, 28. 143-152. doi:10.1029/2012PA002311 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hillenbrand, CD, Kuhn, G and Frederichs, T (2009) Record of a Mid-Pleistocene depositional anomaly in West Antarctic continental margin sediments: An indicator for ice-sheet collapse? Quaternary Science Reviews, 28(13-14). 1147-1159. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.010 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hébert, R, Rehfeld, K and Laepple, T (2021) Comparing estimation techniques for temporal scaling in palaeoclimate time series. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 28(3). 311-328. doi:10.5194/npg-28-311-2021

Lebreiro, SM, Voelker, AHL, Vizcaino, A, Abrantes, FF, Alt-Epping, U, Jung, S, Thouveny, N and Gràcia, E (2009) Sediment instability on the Portuguese continental margin under abrupt glacial climate changes (last 60 kyr). Quaternary Science Reviews, 28(27-28). 3211-3223. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.08.007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Maier, E, Chapligin, B, Abelmann, A, Gersonde, R, Esper, O, Ren, J, Friedrichsen, H, Meyer, H and Tiedemann, R (2013) Combined oxygen and silicon isotope analysis of diatom silica from a deglacial subarctic Pacific record. Journal of Quaternary Science, 28(6). 571-581. doi:10.1002/jqs.2649 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Martínez-Méndez, G, Hebbeln, D, Mohtadi, M, Lamy, F, de Pol-Holz, R, Reyes-Macaya, D and Freudenthal, T (2013) Changes in the advection of Antarctic Intermediate Water to the northern Chilean coast during the last 970 kyr. Paleoceanography, 28(4). 607-618. doi:10.1002/palo.20047 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

McGregor, HV, Dupont, LM, Stuut, JB and Kuhlmann, H (2009) Vegetation change, goats, and religion: a 2000-year history of land use in southern Morocco. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28(15-16). 1434-1448. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.02.012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Riethdorf, JR, Max, L, Nürnberg, D, Lembke-Jene, L and Tiedemann, R (2013) Deglacial development of (sub) sea surface temperature and salinity in the subarctic northwest Pacific: Implications for upper-ocean stratification. Paleoceanography, 28(1). 91-104. doi:10.1002/palo.20014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rillo, MC, Sugawara, MTC, Cabella, B, Jonkers, L, Baranowski, UK, Kučera, M, Ezard, THG and Tittensor, D (2019) On the mismatch in the strength of competition among fossil and modern species of planktonic Foraminifera. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 28(12). 1866-1878. doi:10.1111/geb.13000

Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G, Felis, T and Pätzold, J (2001) Arctic Oscillation signature in a Red Sea coral. Geophysical Research Letters, 28. 2959-2962. doi:10.1029/2001GL013083

Schlitzer, R (2002) Interactive analysis and visualization of geoscience data with Ocean Data View. Computers & Geosciences, 28(10). 1211-1218. doi:10.1016/S0098-3004(02)00040-7

279

Ferreira, JQ, Chiessi, CM, Hirota, M, Oliveira, RS, Prange, M, Häggi, C, Crivellari, S, Nandini-Weiss, SD, Bertassoli, DJ, Campos, MC, Mulitza, S, Albuquerque, ALS, Bahr, A and Schefuß, E (2022) Changes in obliquity drive tree cover shifts in eastern tropical South America. Quaternary Science Reviews, 279. 107402. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107402

Polag, D, Scholz, D, Mühlinghaus, C, Spötl, C, Schröder-Ritzrau, A, Segl, M and Mangini, A (2010) Stable isotope fractionation in speleothems: Laboratory experiments. Chemical Geology, 279(1-2). 31-39. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.09.016

274

Flögel, S, Beckmann, B, Hofmann, P, Bornemann, A, Westerhold, T, Norris, RD, Dullo, WC and Wagner, T (2008) Evolution of tropical watersheds and continental hydrology during the Late Cretaceous greenhouse; impact on marine carbon burial and possible implications for the future. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 274(1-2). 1-13. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.06.011

Weltje, GJ and Tjallingii, R (2008) Calibration of XRF core scanners for quantitative geochemical logging of sediment cores: theory and application. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 274. 423-438. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.07.054

273

Zhang, Z, Cao, Z, Grasse, P, Dai, M, Gao, L, Kuhnert, H, Gledhill, M, Chiessi, CM, Doering, K and Frank, M (2020) Dissolved silicon isotope dynamics in large river estuaries. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 273. 367-382. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2020.01.028

272

Gu, F, Pätzold, J and Behling, H (2020) Evidence of cooling in the tropical South Atlantic off southeastern Brazil during the last 50 kyr. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 272. 104128. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2019.104128

Hönisch, B, Bickert, T and Hemming, NG (2008) Modern and Pleistocene boron isotope composition of the benthic foraminifer Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 272(1-2). 309-318. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.047 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Meckler, AN, Schubert, CJ, Hochuli, PA, Plessen, B, Birgel, D, Flower, BP, Hinrichs, KU and Haug, GH (2008) Glacial to Holocene terrigenous organic matter input to sediments from Orca Basin, Gulf of Mexico - a combined optical and biomarker approach. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 272(1-2). 251-263. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.046

Mohtadi, M, Rossel, PE, Lange, CB, Pantoja, S, Böning, P, Repeta, DJ, Grunwald, M, Lamy, F, Hebbeln, D and Brumsack, HJ (2008) Deglacial pattern of circulation and marine productivity in the upwelling region off central-south Chile. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 272. 221-230. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.043 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Nascimento, RA, Santos, TP, Venancio, IM, Chiessi, CM, Ballalai, JM, Kuhnert, H, Govin, A, Portilho-Ramos, RC, Lessa, D, Dias, BB, Pinho, TML, Crivellari, S, Mulitza, S and Albuquerque, ALS (2021) Origin of δ13C minimum events in thermocline and intermediate waters of the western South Atlantic. Quaternary Science Reviews, 272. 107224. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107224

Nürnberg, D, Ziegler, M, Karas, C, Tiedemann, R and Schmidt, MW (2008) Interacting Loop current variability and Mississippi River discharge over the past 400 kyr. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 272(1-2). 278-289. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.051

270

Boettner, C, Klinghammer, G, Boers, N, Westerhold, T and Marwan, N (2021) Early-warning signals for Cenozoic climate transitions. Quaternary Science Reviews, 270. 107177. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107177

Du, X, Russell, JM, Liu, Z, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Gao, Y, Zhu, C, Oppo, DW, Mohtadi, M, Yan, Y, Galy, VV and He, C (2021) Deglacial trends in Indo-Pacific warm pool hydroclimate in an isotope-enabled Earth system model and implications for isotope-based paleoclimate reconstructions. Quaternary Science Reviews, 270. 107188. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107188

Legge, HL, Mutterlose, J, Arz, HW and Pätzold, J (2008) Nannoplankton successions in the northern Red Sea during the last glaciation (60 to 14.5 ka BP): Reactions to climate change. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 270(3-4). 271-279. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.03.030

Repschläger, J, Zhao, N, Rand, D, Lisiecki, L, Muglia, J, Mulitza, S, Schmittner, A, Cartapanis, O, Bauch, HA, Schiebel, R and Haug, GH (2021) Active North Atlantic deepwater formation during Heinrich Stadial 1. Quaternary Science Reviews, 270. 107145. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107145

27

Bahr, A, Pape, T, Abegg, F, Bohrmann, G, van Weering, TCE and Ivanov, MK (2010) Authigenic carbonates from the eastern Black Sea as an archive for shallow gas hydrate dynamics - results from the combination of CT imaging with mineralogical and stable isotope analyses. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 27. 1819-1829. doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.08.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Cortese, G, Gersonde, R, Maschner, K and Medley, P (2012) Glacial-interglacial size variability in the diatom Fragilariopsis kerguelensis: Possible iron/dust controls? Paleoceanography, 27. PA1208. doi:10.1029/2011PA002187 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Filipsson, HL and Nordberg, K (2004) Climate variations, an overlooked factor influencing the recent marine environment. An example from Gullmar Fjord, Sweden, illustrated by benthic foraminifera and hydrographic data. Estuaries, 27(5). 867-881. doi:10.1007/BF02912048

Fischel, A, Seidenkrantz, MS, Nürnberg, D, Kucera, M and Kuijpers, A (2017) Upper water mass variability in the Anegada–Jungfern Passage, NE Caribbean, during the last 11,100 cal. yr. The Holocene, 27(9). 1291-1307. doi:10.1177/0959683616687378

Hauck, J, Völker, C, Wang, T, Hoppema, M, Losch, M and Wolf-Gladrow, D (2013) Seasonally different carbon flux changes in the Southern Ocean in response to the southern annular mode. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 27(4). 1236-1245. doi:10.1002/2013GB004600

Ho, SL, Mollenhauer, G, Lamy, F, Martinez-Garcia, A, Mohtadi, M, Gersonde, R, Hebbeln, D, Nunez-Ricardo, S, Rosell-Melé, A and Tiedemann, R (2012) Sea surface temperature variability in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean over the past 700 kyr. Paleoceanography, 27. PA4202. doi:10.1029/2012PA002317 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Huang, E, Mulitza, S, Paul, A, Groeneveld, J, Steinke, S and Schulz, M (2012) Response of eastern tropical Atlantic central waters to Atlantic meridional overturning circulation changes during the Last Glacial Maximum and Heinrich Stadial 1. Paleoceanography, 27. doi:10.1029/2012PA002294 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kaiser, J, Schefuß, E, Lamy, F, Mohtadi, M and Hebbeln, D (2008) Glacial to Holocene changes in sea surface temperature and coastal vegetation in north central Chile: high versus low latitude forcing. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27(21-22). 2064-2075. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.08.025

Lindhorst, K, Krastel, S, Reicherter, K, Stipp, M, Wagner, B and Schwenk, T (2014) Sedimentary and tectonic evolution of Lake Ohrid (Macedonia/Albania). Basin Research, 27(1). 84-101. doi:10.1111/bre.12063

Lü, X, Versteegh, GJM, Song, J, Li, X, Yuan, H and Li, N (2016) Geochemistry of Middle Holocene sediments from south Yellow Sea: Implications to provenance and climate change. Journal of Earth Science, 27(5). 751-762. doi:10.1007/s12583-015-0577-0

Max, L, Riethdorf, JR, Tiedemann, R, Smirnova, M, Lembke-Jene, L, Fahl, K, Nürnberg, D, Matul, AG and Mollenhauer, G (2012) Sea surface temperature variability and sea-ice extent in the subarctic northwest Pacific during the past 15,000 years. Paleoceanography, 27(3). PA3213. doi:10.1029/2012PA002292 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Romero, OE, Mohtadi, M, Helmke, P and Hebbeln, D (2012) High interglacial diatom paleoproductivity in the westernmost Indo-Pacific Warm Pool during the past 130,000 years. Paleoceanography, 27. PA3209. doi:10.1029/2012PA002299 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Steinke, S, Kienast, M, Groeneveld, J, Lin, LC, Chen, MT and Rendle-Bühring, R (2008) Proxy dependence of the temporal patterns of deglacial warming in the tropical South China Sea: Toward resolving seasonality. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27(7-8). 688-700. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.12.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tauxe, L, Stickley, CE, Sugisaki, S, Bijl, PK, Bohaty, SM, Brinkhuis, H, Escutia, C, Flores, JA, Houben, AJP, Iwai, M, Jiménez-Espejo, FJ, McKay, R, Passchier, S, Pross, J, Riesselman, C, Röhl, U, Sangiorgi, F, Welsh, K, Klaus, A, Fehr, A, Bendle, JA, Dunbar, R, Gonzales, J, Hayden, T, Katsuki, K, Olney, MP, Pekar, SF, Shrivastva, PK, van de Flierdt, T, Williams, T and Yamane, M (2012) Chronostratigraphic framework for the IODP Expedition 318 cores from the Wilkes Land Margin: Constraints for paleoceanographic reconstruction. Paleoceanography, 27. PA2214. doi:10.1029/2012PA002308 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tian, F, Cao, X, Dallmeyer, A, Lohmann, G, Zhang, X, Ni, J, Andreev, A, Anderson, PM, Lozhkin, AV, Bezrukova, E, Rudaya, N, Xu, Q and Herzschuh, U (2018) Biome changes and their inferred climatic drivers in northern and eastern continental Asia at selected times since 40 cal ka bp. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 27(2). 365-379. doi:10.1007/s00334-017-0653-8

Yu, PS, Kienast, M, Chen, MT, Cacho, I, Flores, JA, Mohtadi, M and Mix, AC (2012) Influences of extratropical water masses on equatorial Pacific cold tongue variability during the past 160 ka as revealed by faunal evidence of planktic foraminifers. Journal of Quaternary Science, 27(9). 921-931. doi:10.1002/jqs.2582 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

268

Blumberg, S, Lamy, F, Arz, HW, Echtler, H, Wiedicke, M, Haug, GH and Oncken, O (2008) Turbiditic trench deposits at the South-Chilean active margin: A Pleistocene-Holocene record of climate and tectonics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 268(3-4). 526-539. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.02.007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Carré, M, Braconnot, P, Elliot, M, d’Agostino, R, Schurer, A, Shi, X, Marti, O, Lohmann, G, Jungclaus, J, Cheddadi, R, Abdelkader di Carlo, I, Cardich, J, Ochoa, D, Salas Gismondi, R, Pérez, A, Romero, PE, Turcq, B, Corrège, T and Harrison, SP (2021) High-resolution marine data and transient simulations support orbital forcing of ENSO amplitude since the mid-Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 268. 107125. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107125

262

Häggi, C, Schefuß, E, Sawakuchi, AO, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Bertassoli, DJ, Hefter, J, Zabel, M, Baker, PA and Schouten, S (2019) Modern and late Pleistocene particulate organic carbon transport by the Amazon River: Insights from long-chain alkyl diols. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 262. 1-19. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.018

261

Diepenbroek, M, Schindler, U, Huber, R, Pesant, S, Stocker, M, Felden, J, Buss, M and Weinrebe, M (2017) Terminology supported archiving and publication of environmental science data in PANGAEA. Journal of Biotechnology, 261. 177-186. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.07.016

Hahn, A, Neumann, FH, Miller, C, Finch, J, Frankland, T, Cawthra, HC, Schefuß, E and Zabel, M (2021) Mid-to Late Holocene climatic and anthropogenic influences in Mpondoland, South Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews, 261. 106938. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106938

Holbourn, AEL, Kuhnt, W, Schulz, M, Flores, JA and Andersen, N (2007) Orbitally-paced climate evolution during the middle Miocene "Monterey" carbon-isotope excursion. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 261(3-4). 534-550. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.07.026 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Klicpera, A, Carranza, A, Chiessi, CM, Franco-Fraguas, P, Hanebuth, TJJ and Westphal, H (2023) Western South Atlantic seasonal variability recorded in a mid-deglacial bivalve from the outer Uruguayan continental shelf. Continental Shelf Research, 261. 105014. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2023.105014

Wood, RA, Poulton, SW, Prave, AR, Hoffmann, KH, Clarkson, MO, Guilbaud, R, Lyne, JW, Tostevin, R, Bowyer, F, Penny, AM, Curtis, A and Kasemann, SA (2015) Dynamic redox conditions control late Ediacaran metazoan ecosystems in the Nama Group, Namibia. Precambrian Research, 261. 252-271. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2015.02.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

260

Gussone, N, Langer, G, Geisen, M, Steel, BA and Riebesell, U (2007) Calcium isotope fractionation in coccoliths of cultured Calcidiscus leptoporus, Helicosphaera carteri, Syracosphaera pulchra and Umbilicosphaera foliosa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 260(3-4). 505-515. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.06.001

26

Arz, HW, Lamy, F, Ganopolski, A, Nowaczyk, NR and Pätzold, J (2007) Dominant Northern Hemisphere climate control over millennial-scale glacial sea-level variability. Quaternary Science Reviews, 26(3-4). 312-321. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.07.016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Bison, KM, Versteegh, GJM, Hilgen, FJ and Willems, H (2007) Calcareous dinoflagellate turnover in relation to the Messinian salinity crisis in the Eastern Mediterranean Pissouri Basin; Cyprus. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 26. 103-116. doi:10.1144/jm.26.2.103

Butzin, M, Lohmann, G and Bickert, T (2011) Miocene ocean circulation inferred from marine carbon cycle modeling combined with benthic isotope records. Paleoceanography, 26. PA1203. doi:10.1029/2009PA001901

Caniupán, AM, Lamy, F, Lange, CB, Kaiser, J, Arz, HW, Kilian, R, Urrea, OB, Aracena, C, Hebbeln, D, Kissel, C, Laj, C, Mollenhauer, G and Tiedemann, R (2011) Millennial-scale sea surface temperature and Patagonian Ice Sheet changes off southernmost Chile (53°S) over the past ~60 kyr. Paleoceanography, 26. PA3221. doi:10.1029/2010PA002049 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Daniau, AL, Bartlein, PJ, Harrison, SP, Prentice, IC, Brewer, S, Friedlingstein, P, Harrison-Prentice, TI, Inoue, J, Izumi, K, Marlon, JR, Mooney, S, Power, MJ, Stevenson, J, Tinner, W, Andric, M, Atanassova, J, Behling, H, Black, M, Blarquez, O, Brown, KJ, Carcaillet, C, Colhoun, EA, Colombaroli, D, Davis, BAS, D'Costa, D, Dodson, J, Dupont, LM, Eshetu, Z, Gavin, DG, Genries, A, Haberle, S, Hallett, DJ, Hope, G, Horn, SP, Kassa, TG, Katamura, F, Kennedy, LM, Kershaw, P, Krivonogov, S, Long, C, Magri, D, Marinova, E, McKenzie, GM, Moreno, PI, Moss, P, Neumann, FH, Norstrom, E, Paitre, C, Rius, D, Roberts, N, Robinson, GS, Sasaki, N, Scott, L, Takahara, H, Terwilliger, V, Thevenon, F, Turner, R, Valsecchi, VG, Vanniere, B, Walsh, M, Williams, N and Zhang, Y (2012) Predictability of biomass burning in response to climate changes. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 26. doi:10.1029/2011GB004249 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Elvert, M, Pohlman, JW, Becker, KW, Gaglioti, B, Hinrichs, KU and Wooller, MJ (2016) Methane turnover and environmental change from Holocene lipid biomarker records in a thermokarst lake in Arctic Alaska. The Holocene, 26(11). 1766-1777. doi:10.1177/0959683616645942 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Filipsson, HL, Romero, OE, Stuut, JB and Donner, B (2011) Relationshiips between primary productivity and bottom-water oxygenation off northwest Africa during the last deglaciation. Journal of Quaternary Science, 26(4). 448-456. doi:10.1002/jqs.1473

Groeneveld, J and Chiessi, CM (2011) Mg/Ca ratios of Globorotalia inflata as a recorder of permanent thermocline temperatures in the South Atlantic. Paleoceanography, 26. PA2203. doi:10.1029/2010PA001940 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Haarmann, T, Hathorne, EC, Mohtadi, M, Groeneveld, J, Kölling, M and Bickert, T (2011) Mg/Ca ratios of single planktonic foraminifer shells and the potential to reconstruct the thermal seasonality of the water column. Paleoceanography, 26. PA3218. doi:10.1029/2010PA002091 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Heinrich, S, Zonneveld, KAF, Bickert, T and Willems, H (2011) The Benguela upwelling related to the Miocene cooling events and the development of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current: evidence from calcareous dinoflagellate cysts. Paleoceanography, 26. PA3209. doi:10.1029/2010PA002065 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hesse, T, Butzin, M, Bickert, T and Lohmann, G (2011) A model-data comparison of d13C in the glacial Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography, 26. PA3220. doi:10.1029/2010PA002085 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hessler, I, Steinke, S, Groeneveld, J, Dupont, LM and Wefer, G (2011) Impact of abrupt climate change in the tropical southeast Atlantic during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. Paleoceanography, 26. PA4209. doi:10.1029/2011PA002118 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hoffmann, R, Wochnik, AS, Heinzl, C, Betzler, SB, Matich, S, Griesshaber, E, Schulz, H, Kučera, M, Young, JR, Scheu, C and Schmahl, WW (2014) Nanoprobe crystallographic orientation studies of isolated shield elements of the coccolithophore species Emiliania huxleyi. European Journal of Mineralogy, 26(4). 473-483. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2014/0026-2365

Johnstone, HJH, Yu, J, Elderfield, H and Schulz, M (2011) Improving temperature estimates derived from Mg/Ca of planktonic foraminifera using X-ray computed tomography-based dissolution index, XDX. Paleoceanography, 26. PA1215. doi:10.1029/2009PA001902 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Karas, C, Nürnberg, D, Tiedemann, R and Garbe-Schönberg, CD (2011) Pliocene Indonesian Throughglow and Leeuwin Current dynamics: Implications for Indian Ocean polar heat flux. Paleoceanography, 26. PA2217. doi:10.1029/2010PA001949

Kuhnert, H and Mulitza, S (2011) Multidecadal variability and late medieval cooling of near-coastal sea surface temperatures in the eastern tropical North Atlantic. Paleoceanography, 26. PA4224. doi:10.1029/2011PA002130

Markus, T, Schlacke, S and Maier, N (2011) Legal Implementation of Integrated Ocean Policies: The EU's Marine Strategy Framework Directive. The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, 26. 59-90. doi:10.1163/157180811X541404

Mohtadi, M, Oppo, DW, Lückge, A, de Pol-Holz, R, Groeneveld, J, Steinke, S, Hemme, N and Hebbeln, D (2011) Reconstructing the thermal structure of the upper ocean: Insights from planktic foraminifera shell chemistry and alkenones in modern sediments of the tropical eastern Indian Ocean. Paleoceanography, 26. PA2119. doi:10.1029/2011PA002132 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mohtadi, M, Romero, OE, Kaiser, J and Hebbeln, D (2007) Cooling of the southern high latitudes during the Medieval Period and its effect on ENSO. Quaternary Science Reviews, 26(7-8). 1055-1066. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.12.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Morato, T, González‐Irusta, JM, Dominguez‐Carrió, C, Wei, CL, Davies, A, Sweetman, AK, Taranto, GH, Beazley, L, García‐Alegre, A, Grehan, A, Laffargue, P, Murillo, FJ, Sacau, M, Vaz, S, Kenchington, E, Arnaud‐Haond, S, Callery, O, Chimienti, G, Cordes, E, Egilsdottir, H, Freiwald, A, Gasbarro, R, Gutiérrez‐Zárate, C, Gianni, M, Gilkinson, K, Wareham Hayes, VE, Hebbeln, D, Hedges, K, Henry, LA, Johnson, D, Koen‐Alonso, M, Lirette, C, Mastrototaro, F, Menot, L, Molodtsova, T, Durán Muñoz, P, Orejas, C, Pennino, MG, Puerta, P, Ragnarsson, SÁ, Ramiro‐Sánchez, B, Rice, J, Rivera, J, Roberts, JM, Ross, SW, Rueda, JL, Sampaio, Í, Snelgrove, P, Stirling, D, Treble, MA, Urra, J, Vad, J, Oevelen, D, Watling, L, Walkusz, W, Wienberg, C, Woillez, M, Levin, LA and Carreiro‐Silva, M (2020) Climate‐induced changes in the suitable habitat of cold‐water corals and commercially important deep‐sea fishes in the North Atlantic. Global Change Biology, 26(4). 2181-2202. doi:10.1111/gcb.14996

Rackebrandt, N, Kuhnert, H, Groeneveld, J and Bickert, T (2011) Persisting maximum Agulhas leakage during MIS 14 indicated by massive Ethmodiscus oozes in the subtropical South Atlantic. Paleoceanography, 26. PA3202. doi:10.1029/2010PA001990 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G, König-Langlo, G, Necula, C and Ionita, M (2014) Daily to intraseasonal oscillations at Antarctic research station Neumayer. Antarctic Science, 26(02). 193-204. doi:10.1017/S0954102013000540 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Romero, OE, Leduc, G, Vidal, L and Fischer, G (2011) Millennial variability and long-term changes of the diatom production in the eastern equatorial Pacific during the last glacial cycle. Paleoceanography, 26. PA2212. doi:10.1029/2010PA002099 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rommerskirchen, F, Condon, T, Mollenhauer, G, Dupont, LM and Schefuß, E (2011) Miocene to Pliocene development of surface and subsurface temperatures in the Benguela Current system. Paleoceanography, 26. PA3216. doi:10.1029/2010PA002074 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Saavedra-Pellitero, M, Flores, JA, Lamy, F, Sierro, FJ and Cortina, A (2011) Coccolithophore estimates of paleotemperature and paleoproductivity changes in the southeast Pacific over the past ~27 kyr. Paleoceanography, 26. PA1201. doi:10.1029/2009PA001824 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Taylor, MH, Losch, M, Wenzel, M and Schröter, J (2013) On the sensitivity of field reconstruction and prediction using Empirical Orthogonal Functions derived from gappy data. Journal of Climate, 26(22). 9194-9205. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00089.1

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, Donner, B, McCarren, HK and Zachos, JC (2011) A complete high-resolution Paleocene benthic stable isotope record for the central Pacific (ODP Site 1209). Paleoceanography, 26. PA2216. doi:10.1029/2010PA002092 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zarriess, M and Mackensen, A (2011) Testing the impact of seasonal phytodetritus deposition on [delta]13C of epibenthic foraminifer Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi: A 31,000 year high-resolution record from the northwest African continental slope. Paleoceanography, 26. PA2202. doi:10.1029/2010PA001944 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

259

Drechsel, J, Khan, NS and Rovere, A (2021) PALEO-SEAL: A tool for the visualization and sharing of Holocene sea-level data. Quaternary Science Reviews, 259. 106884. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106884

Höppner, N, Chiessi, CM, Lucassen, F, Zavala, K, Becchio, RA and Kasemann, SA (2021) Modern isotopic signatures of Plata River sediments and changes in sediment supply to the western subtropical South Atlantic during the last 30 kyr. Quaternary Science Reviews, 259. 106910. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106910

Lamy, F, Kaiser, J, Arz, HW, Hebbeln, D, Ninnemann, U, Timm, O, Timmermann, A and Toggweiler, JR (2007) Modulation of the bipolar seesaw in the Southeast Pacific during Termination 1. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 259(3-4). 400-413. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.04.040 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

257

Cortese, G and Gersonde, R (2007) Morphometric variability in the diatom Fragilariopsis kerguelensis: implications for Southern Ocean paleoceanography. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 257(3/4). 526-544. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.03.021

Losch, M, Fuchs, A, Lemieux, JF and Vanselow, A (2014) A parallel Jacobian-free Newton–Krylov solver for a coupled sea ice-ocean model. Journal of Computational Physics, 257. 901-911. doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2013.09.026

Mann, T, Rovere, A, Schöne, T, Klicpera, A, Stocchi, P, Lukman, M and Westphal, H (2016) The magnitude of a mid-Holocene sea-level highstand in the Strait of Makassar. Geomorphology, 257. 155-163. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.12.023

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, Raffi, I, Fornaciari, E, Monechi, S, Reale, V, Bowles, J and Evans, HF (2008) Astronomical calibration of the Paleocene time. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 257(4). 377-403. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.09.016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

256

Weiser, J, Titschack, J, Kienast, M, McCave, IN, Lochte, AA, Saini, J, Stein, R and Hebbeln, D (2021) Atlantic water inflow to Labrador Sea and its interaction with ice sheet dynamics during the Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 256. 106833. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106833

254

Wan, S, Li, A, Clift, PD and Stuut, JB (2007) Development of the East Asian monsoon: Mineralogical and sedimentologic records in the northern South China Sea since 20 Ma. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 254(3-4). 561-582. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.07.009

253

Brijker, JM, Jung, SJA, Ganssen, GM, Bickert, T and Kroon, D (2007) ENSO related decadal scale climate variability from the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 253(1-2). 67-82. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.10.017

252

Cortese, G and Gersonde, R (2008) Plio/Pleistocene changes in the main biogenic silica carrier in the Southern Ocean, Atlantic Sector. Marine Geology, 252(3-4). 100-110. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2008.03.015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tachikawa, K, Rapuc, W, Vidal, L, Dubois-Dauphin, Q, Westerhold, T, Guihou, A, Bickert, T, Pérez-Asensio, JN, Deschamps, P and Skonieczny, C (2021) Eastern Atlantic deep-water circulation and carbon storage inferred from neodymium and carbon isotopic compositions over the past 1.1 million years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 252. 106752. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106752

Tharammal, T, Bala, G, Paul, A, Noone, D, Contreras-Rosales, A and Thirumalai, K (2021) Orbitally driven evolution of Asian monsoon and stable water isotope ratios during the Holocene: Isotope-enabled climate model simulations and proxy data comparisons. Quaternary Science Reviews, 252. 106743. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106743

Tian, J, Pak, DK, Wang, P, Lea, DW, Cheng, X and Zhao, Q (2006) Late Pliocene monsoon linkage in the tropical South China Sea. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 252(1-2). 72-81. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.028 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

250

Esteban, I, Bamford, MK, House, A, Miller, CS, Neumann, FH, Schefuß, E, Pargeter, J, Cawthra, HC and Fisher, EC (2020) Coastal palaeoenvironments and hunter-gatherer plant-use at Waterfall Bluff rock shelter in Mpondoland (South Africa) from MIS 3 to the Early Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 250. 106664. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106664

25

Castañeda, IS, Schefuß, E, Pätzold, J, Sinninghe Damsté, JS, Weldeab, S and Schouten, S (2010) Millennial-scale sea surface temperature changes in the eastern Mediterranean (Nile River Delta region) over the last 27,000 years. Paleoceanography, 25. PA1208. doi:10.1029/2009PA001740 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Damm, E, Mackensen, A, Budéus, G, Faber, E and Hanfland, C (2005) Pathways of methane in seawater: Plume spreading in an Arctic shelf environment (SW-Spitsbergen). Continental Shelf Research, 25(12-13). 1453-1472. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2005.03.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dima, M, Felis, T, Lohmann, G and Rimbu, N (2005) Distinct modes of bidecadal and multidecadal variability in a climate reconstruction of the last centuries from a South Pacific coral. Climate Dynamics, 25. 329-336. doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0043-2

Dima, M, Lohmann, G and Dima, I (2005) Solar-induced and internal climate variability at decadal timescales. International Journal of Climatology, 25. 713-733. doi:10.1002/joc.1156

Giraud, X and Paul, A (2010) Interpretation of the paleo-primary production record in the NW African coastal upwelling system as potentially biased by sea level change. Paleoceanography, 25. PA4224. doi:10.1029/2009PA001795

Gregory, FJ, Armstrong, HA, Boomer, I, Gersonde, R, Harding, IC, Herrle, JO, Lazarus, DB, Schmidt, DN, Schoenfeld, J and Young, J (2006) Celebrating 25 years of advances in micropalaeontology: a review. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 25. 97-112. doi:10.1144/jm.25.2.97

Hillenbrand, CD, Smith, JA, Kuhn, G, Esper, O, Gersonde, R, Larter, RD, Maher, BA, Moreton, SG, Shimmield, TM and Korte, M (2010) Age assignment of a diatomaceous ooze deposited in the western Amundsen Sea Embayment after the last glacial maximum. Journal of Quaternary Science, 25(3). 280-295. doi:10.1002/jqs.1308 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Itambi, AC, von Dobeneck, T and Adegbie, AT (2010) Millennial-scale precipitation changes over Central Africa during the late Quaternary and Holocene: evidence in sediments from the Gulf of Guinea. Journal of Quaternary Science, 25(3). 267-279. doi:10.1002/jqs.1306 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Köhler, P, Fischer, H and Schmitt, J (2010) Atmospheric delta (CO2)-C-13 and its relation to pCO(2) and deep ocean delta C-13 during the late Pleistocene. Paleoceanography, 25. PA1213. doi:10.1029/2008PA001703

Langebroek, PM, Paul, A and Schulz, M (2010) Simulating the sea lvel imprint on marine oxygen isotope records during the Middle Miocene using an ice sheet-climate model. Paleoceanography, 25. PA4203. doi:10.1029/2008PA001704

Martínez-Méndez, G, Zahn, R, Hall, IR, Peeters, FJC, Pena, LD, Cacho, I and Negre, C (2010) Contrasting multiproxy reconstructions of surface ocean hydrography in the Agulhas Corridor and implications for the Agulhas Leakage during the last 345,000 years. Paleoceanography, 25(4). PA4227. doi:10.1029/2009PA001879 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Munz, PM, Siccha, M, Lückge, A, Böll, A, Kucera, M and Schulz, H (2015) Decadal-resolution record of winter monsoon intensity over the last two millennia from planktic foraminiferal assemblages in the northeastern Arabian Sea. The Holocene, 25(11). 1756-1771. doi:10.1177/0959683615591357 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rickaby, REM, Elderfield, H, Roberts, NL, Hillenbrand, CD and Mackensen, A (2010) Evidence for elevated alkalinity in the glacial Southern Ocean. Paleoceanography, 25. PA1209. doi:10.1029/2009PA001762 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rincón-Martínez, D, Lamy, F, Contreras, S, Leduc, G, Bard, E, Saukel, C, Blanz, T, Mackensen, A and Tiedemann, R (2010) More humid interglacials in Ecuador during the past 500 kyr linked to latitudinal shifts of the equatorial front and the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the eastern tropical Pacific. Paleoceanography, 25. PA2210. doi:10.1029/2009PA001868

Romanova, V, Lohmann, G, Grosfeld, K and Butzin, M (2006) The relative role of oceanic heat transport and orography on glacial climate. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(7-8). 832-845. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.07.007

Steinke, S, Chiu, HY, Yu, PS, Shen, CC, Erlenkeuser, H, Löwemark, L and Chen, MT (2005) On the influence of sea level and monsoon climate on the southern South China Sea freshwater budget over the last 22,000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(13-14). 1475-1488. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.12.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Steinke, S, Mohtadi, M, Groeneveld, J, Lin, LC, Löwemark, L, Chen, MT and Rendle-Bühring, R (2010) Reconstructing the southern South China Sea upper water column structure since the Last Glacial Maximum: Implications for the East Asian winter monsoon development. Paleoceanography, 25. PA2219. doi:10.1029/2009PA001850 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Steph, S, Tiedemann, R, Prange, M, Groeneveld, J, Schulz, M, Timmermann, A, Nürnberg, D, Rühlemann, C, Saukel, C and Haug, GH (2010) Early Pliocene increase in thermohaline overturning: A precondition for the development of the modern equatorial Pacific cold tongue. Paleoceanography, 25. PA2202. doi:10.1029/2008PA001645

Wei, W and Lohmann, G (2012) Simulated Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation during the Holocene. Journal of Climate, 25. 6989-7002. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00667.1

Wien, K, Kölling, M and Schulz, HD (2005) Close correlation between Sr/Ca ratios in bulk sediments from the Southern Cape Basin and the SPECMAP record. Geo-Marine Letters, 25(4). 265-271. doi:10.1007/s00367-005-0211-8 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

249

Zhao, X, Koutsodendris, A, Caley, T and Dupont, L (2020) Hydroclimate change in subtropical South Africa during the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period. Quaternary Science Reviews, 249. 106643. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106643

247

Jahn, B, Schneider, RR, Müller, PJ, Donner, B and Röhl, U (2005) Response of tropical African and East Atlantic climates to orbital forcing over the last 1.7 Ma. In: Head, MJ and Gibbard, PL (eds.) Early-middle Pleistocene transitions: the land-ocean evidence. Geological Society of London, London, UK, 65-84. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2005.247.01.04 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Liu, Y, Li, X, Zeng, Z, Yu, HM, Huang, F, Felis, T and Shen, CC (2019) Annually-resolved coral skeletal δ138/134Ba records: A new proxy for oceanic Ba cycling. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 247. 27-39. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.12.022

Schefuß, E, Jansen, JHF and Sinninghe Damsté, JS (2005) Tropical environmental changes at the mid-Pleistocene transition: insights from lipid biomarkers. In: Head, MJ and Gibbard, PL (eds.) Early-middle Pleistocene transitions: the land-ocean evidence. Geological Society, Special Publications, 247. The Geological Society of London, 35-63.

246

Gould, J, Kienast, M, Dowd, M and Schefuß, E (2019) An open-ocean assessment of alkenone δD as a paleo-salinity proxy. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 246. 478-497. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.12.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

245

Brachert, TC, Reuter, M, Felis, T, Kroeger, KF, Lohmann, G, Micheels, A and Fassoulas, C (2006) Porites corals from Crete (Greece) open a window into Late Miocene (10 Ma) seasonal and interannual climate variability. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 245. 81-94. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.03.005

Obert, JC, Scholz, D, Felis, T, Lippold, J, Jochum, KP and Andreae, MO (2019) Improved constraints on open-system processes in fossil reef corals by combined Th/U, Pa/U and Ra/Th dating: A case study from Aqaba, Jordan. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 245. 459-478. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.11.024 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

242

Zhang, X and Prange, M (2020) Stability of the Atlantic overturning circulation under intermediate (MIS3) and full glacial (LGM) conditions and its relationship with Dansgaard-Oeschger climate variability. Quaternary Science Reviews, 242. 106443. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106443

241

Bahr, A, Arz, HW, Lamy, F and Wefer, G (2006) Late glacial to Holocene paleoenvironmental evolution of the Black Sea, reconstructed with stable oxygen isotope records obtained on ostracod shells. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 241. 863-875. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.10.036

Kastanja, MM, Diekmann, B and Henrich, R (2006) Controls on carbonate and terrigenous deposition in the incipient Benguela upwelling system during the middle to the late Miocene (ODP Sites 1085 and 1087). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 241(3-4). 515-530. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.05.004

Weldeab, S, Schneider, RR and Kölling, M (2006) Deglacial sea surface temperature and salinity increase in the western tropical Atlantic in synchrony with high latitude climate instabilities. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 241. 699-706. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

240

Evuk, D, Franz, G, Frei, D and Lucassen, F (2014) The Neoproterozoic evolution of the central-eastern Bayuda Desert (Sudan). Precambrian Research, 240. 108-125. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2013.10.015

Hofmann, D, Fabian, K, Schmieder, F, Donner, B and Bleil, U (2005) A stratigraphic network across the Subtropical Front in the central South Atlantic: Multi-parameter correlation of magnetic susceptibility, density, X-ray fluorescence and d18O records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 240(3-4). 694-709. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.048

24

Blanchet, CL, Thouveny, N and Vidal, L (2009) Formation and preservation of greigite (Fe3S4) in sediments from the Santa Barbara Basin: Implication for paleoenvironmental changes during the past 35 Kyr. Paleoceanography, 24. PA2224. doi:10.1029/2008PA001719

Cáceres, D, Marzeion, B, Malles, JH, Gutknecht, BD, Müller Schmied, H and Döll, P (2020) Assessing global water mass transfers from continents to oceans over the period 1948–2016. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 24(10). 4831-4851. doi:10.5194/hess-24-4831-2020

De Schepper, S, Head, MJ and Groeneveld, J (2009) North Atlantic Current variability through marine isotope stage M2 (circa 3.3 Ma) during the mid-Pliocene. Paleoceanography, 24. PA4206. doi:10.1029/2008PA001725 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dima, M and Lohmann, G (2011) Hysteresis Behavior of the Atlantic Ocean Circulation Identified in Observational Data. Journal of Climate, 24(2). 397-403. doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3467.1

Fraile, I, Schulz, M, Mulitza, S, Merkel, U, Prange, M and Paul, A (2009) Modeling the seasonal distribution of planktonic foraminifera during the Last Glacial Maximum. Paleoceanography, 24. PA2216. doi:10.1029/2008PA001686

Gersonde, R, Crosta, X, Abelmann, A and Armand, LK (2005) Sea-surface temperature and sea ice distribution of the Southern Ocean at the EPILOG Last Glacial Maximum: A circum-Antarctic view based on siliceous microfossil records. Quaternary Science Reviews, 24(7-9). 869-896. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.07.015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hathorne, EC, James, RH and Lampitt, RS (2009) Environmental versus biomineralization controls on the intratest variation in the trace element composition of the planktonic foraminifera G. inflata and G. Scitula. Paleoceanography, 24. PA4204. doi:10.1029/2009PA001742

Hollyday, A, Austermann, J, Lloyd, A, Hoggard, M, Richards, F and Rovere, A (2023) A revised estimate of early Pliocene global mean sea level using geodynamic models of the Patagonian slab window. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 24(2). doi:10.1029/2022GC010648

Itambi, AC, von Dobeneck, T, Mulitza, S, Bickert, T and Heslop, D (2009) Millennial-scale northwest African droughts related to Heinrich events and Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles: Evidence in marine sediments from offshore Senegal. Paleoceanography, 24. PA1205. doi:10.1029/2007PA001570 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Laepple, T and Lohmann, G (2009) Seasonal cycle as template for climate variability on astronomical timescales. Paleoceanography, 24. PA4201. doi:10.1029/2008PA001674

Lohmann, G, Rimbu, N and Dima, M (2004) Climate signature of solar irradiance variations: Analysis of long-term instrumental, historical, and proxy data. International Journal of Climatology, 24. 1045-1056. doi:10.1002/joc.1054

Lückge, A, Mohtadi, M, Rühlemann, C, Scheeder, G, Vink, A, Reinhardt, L and Wiedicke, M (2009) Monsoon versus ocean circulation controls on paleoenvironmental conditions off southern Sumatra during the past 300,000 years. Paleoceanography, 24. PA1208. doi:10.1029/2008PA001627 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Martinez-Garcia, A, Rosell-Melé, A, Geibert, W, Gersonde, R, Masqué, P, Gaspari, V and Barbante, C (2009) Links between iron supply, marine productivity, sea surface temperature and CO2 over the last 1.1 My. Paleoceanography, 24. PA1207. doi:10.1029/2008PA001657

Mohtadi, M, Steinke, S, Groeneveld, J, Fink, HG, Rixen, T, Hebbeln, D, Donner, B and Herunadi, B (2009) Low-latitude control on seasonal and interannual changes in planktonic foraminiferal flux and shell geochemistry off south Java: A sediment trap study. Paleoceanography, 24. PA1201. doi:10.1029/2008PA001636 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Romero, OE, Lange, CB and Wefer, G (2002) Interannual variability (1988-1991) of siliceous phytoplankton fluxes off NW Africa. Journal of Plankton Research, 24(10). 1035-1046. doi:10.1093/plankt/24.10.1035 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schäfer-Neth, C, Paul, A and Mulitza, S (2005) Perspectives on mapping the MARGO reconstructions by variogram analysis/kriging and objective analysis. Quaternary Science Reviews, 24(7-9). 1083-1093. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.06.017

239

Al-Rousan, S, Al-Moghrabi, SM, Pätzold, J and Wefer, G (2002) Environmental and biological effects on the stable oxygen isotope records of corals in the northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 239. 301-310. doi:10.3354/meps239301 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

237

Kastanja, MM and Henrich, R (2007) Grain size variations in pelagic carbonate oozes from the Walvis Ridge - SE Atlantic (ODP Site 1265): a Miocene record of carbonate sedimentation and preservation. Marine Geology, 237(1-2). 97-108. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2006.10.040

Santos, TP, Ballalai, JM, Franco, DR, Oliveira, RR, Lessa, DO, Venancio, IM, Chiessi, CM, Kuhnert, H, Johnstone, H and Albuquerque, ALS (2020) Asymmetric response of the subtropical western South Atlantic thermocline to the Dansgaard-Oeschger events of Marine Isotope Stages 5 and 3. Quaternary Science Reviews, 237. 106307. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106307

236

Crowhurst, SJ, Pälike, H and Rickaby, REM (2018) Carbonate ions, orbits and Mg/Ca at ODP 1123. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 236. 384-398. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.03.013

Humphries, M, Green, A, Higgs, C, Strachan, K, Hahn, A, Pillay, L and Zabel, M (2020) High-resolution geochemical records of extreme drought in southeastern Africa during the past 7000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 236. 106294. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106294

235

Butzin, M, Prange, M and Lohmann, G (2005) Radiocarbon simulations for the glacial ocean: The effects of wind stress, Southern Ocean sea ice and Heinrich events. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 235. 45-61. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.03.003

Romero, OE and Schmieder, F (2006) Occurrence of thick Ethmodiscus oozes associated with a terminal Mid-Pleistocene Transition event in the oligotrophic subtropical South Atlantic. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 235(4). 321-329. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.10.026 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

232

Frenz, M, Henrich, R and Zychla, B (2006) Carbonate preservation patterns at the Ceará Rise - Evidence for the Pliocene super conveyor. Marine Geology, 232(3-4). 173-180. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2006.07.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

231

Chen, Y, Huang, E, Schefuß, E, Mohtadi, M, Steinke, S, Liu, JJ, Martínez-Méndez, G and Tian, J (2020) Wetland expansion on the continental shelf of the northern South China Sea during deglacial sea level rise. Quaternary Science Reviews, 231. 106202. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106202

Hepp, DA, Mörz, T and Grützner, J (2006) Pliocene glacial cyclicity in deep-sea sediment drifts (Antarctic Peninsula Pacific Margin). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 231(1-2). 181-198. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.030

Klöcker, R and Henrich, R (2005) Recent and Late Quaternary pteropod preservation on the Pakistan shelf and continental slope. Marine Geology, 231(1-4). 103-112. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2006.05.014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Obreht, I, Wörmer, L, Brauer, A, Wendt, J, Alfken, S, De Vleeschouwer, D, Elvert, M and Hinrichs, KU (2020) An annually resolved record of Western European vegetation response to Younger Dryas cooling. Quaternary Science Reviews, 231. 106198. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106198

Syring, N, Stein, R, Fahl, K, Vahlenkamp, M, Zehnich, M, Spielhagen, RF and Niessen, F (2020) Holocene changes in sea-ice cover and polynya formation along the eastern North Greenland shelf: New insights from biomarker records. Quaternary Science Reviews, 231. 106173. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106173

230

Krammer, R, Baumann, KH and Henrich, R (2006) Middle to Late Miocene fluctuations in the incipient Benguela Upwelling System revealed by calcareous nannofossil assemblages (ODP Site 1085A). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 230(3-4). 319-334. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.07.022

23

Birgel, D and Hass, HC (2004) Oceanic and atmospheric variations during the last deglaciation in the Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean): a coupled high-resolution organic-geochemical and sedimentological study. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23(1-2). 29-47. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.10.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Bison, KM, Wendler, J, Versteegh, GJM and Willems, H (2004) Tetratropis terrina sp. nov., a new calcareous dinoflagellate cyst from the Upper Campanian polyplocum zone of Lägerdorf, (NW Germany). Journal of Micropalaeontology, 23(2). 127.132.

Chatziparaschos, M, Daskalakis, N, Myriokefalitakis, S, Kalivitis, N, Nenes, A, Gonçalves Ageitos, M, Costa-Surós, M, García-Pando, CP, Zanoli, M, Vrekoussis, M and Kanakidou, M (2023) Role of K-feldspar and quartz in global ice nucleation by mineral dust in mixed-phase clouds. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 23(3). 1785-1801. doi:10.5194/acp-23-1785-2023

Chen, L, Zonneveld, KA and Versteegh, GJ (2013) Paleoclimate of the Southern Adriatic Sea region during the 'Medieval Climate Anomaly' reflected by organic walled dinoflagellate cysts. The Holocene, 23(5). 645-655. doi:10.1177/0959683612467482

Christodoulou, A, Stavroulas, I, Vrekoussis, M, Desservettaz, M, Pikridas, M, Bimenyimana, E, Kushta, J, Ivančič, M, Rigler, M, Goloub, P, Oikonomou, K, Sarda-Estève, R, Savvides, C, Afif, C, Mihalopoulos, N, Sauvage, S and Sciare, J (2023) Ambient carbonaceous aerosol levels in Cyprus and the role of pollution transport from the Middle East. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 23(11). 6431-6456. doi:10.5194/acp-23-6431-2023

Dima, M and Lohmann, G (2010) Evidence for Two Distinct Modes of Large-Scale Ocean Circulation Changes over the Last Century. Journal of Climate, 23(1). 5-16. doi:10.1175/2009JCLI2867.1

Förster, E, Bönisch, H, Neumaier, M, Obersteiner, F, Zahn, A, Hilboll, A, Kalisz Hedegaard, AB, Daskalakis, N, Poulidis, AP, Vrekoussis, M, Lichtenstern, M and Braesicke, P (2023) Chemical and dynamical identification of emission outflows during the HALO campaign EMeRGe in Europe and Asia. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 23(3). 1893-1918. doi:10.5194/acp-23-1893-2023

Gebhardt, H, Sarnthein, M, Grootes, PM, Kiefer, T, Kühn, H, Schmieder, F and Röhl, U (2008) Paleonutrient and productivity records from the subarctic North Pacific for Pleistocene glacial terminations I to V. Paleoceanography, 23. PA4212. doi:10.1029/2007PA001513 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

González, C, Dupont, LM, Mertens, KN and Wefer, G (2008) Reconstructing marine productivity of the Cariaco Basin during Marine Isotope Stages 3 and 4 using organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts. Paleoceanography, 23. PA3215. doi:10.1029/2008PA001602

Hathorne, EC, James, RH, Savage, P and Alard, O (2008) Physical and chemical characteristics of particles produced by laser ablation of biogenic calcium carbonate. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 23. 240-243. doi:10.1039/b706727e

Hodell, DA, Channell, JET, Curtis, JH, Romero, OE and Röhl, U (2008) Onset of 'Hudson Strait' Heinrich Events in the eastern North Atlantic at the end of the middle Pleistocene transition (~640 ka)? Paleoceanography, 23. PA4218. doi:10.1029/2008PA001591 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kim, JH, Rimbu, N, Lorenz, SJ, Lohmann, G, Schneider, RR, Nam, SI, Schouten, S, Sirocko, F and Rühlemann, C (2004) North Pacific and North Atlantic sea-surface temperature variability during the Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23(20-22). 2141-2154. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.08.010 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lorenz, SJ and Lohmann, G (2004) Acceleration technique for Milankovitch type forcing in a coupled atmosphere-ocean circulation model: method and application for the Holocene. Climate Dynamics, 23. 727-743. doi:10.1007/s00382-0040469-y

Mulitza, S, Prange, M, Stuut, JB, Zabel, M, von Dobeneck, T, Itambi, AC, Nizou, J, Schulz, M and Wefer, G (2008) Sahel megadroughts triggered by glacial slowdowns of Atlantic meridional overturning. Paleoceanography, 23. PA4206. doi:10.1029/2008PA001637 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Prange, M, Lohmann, G, Romanova, V and Butzin, M (2003) Modelling tempo-spatial signatures of Heinrich Events: Influence of the climatic background state. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23(5-6). 521-527. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.11.004

Prange, M, Lohmann, G, Romanova, V and Butzin, M (2004) Modelling tempo-spatial signatures of Heinrich Events: Influence of the climatic background state. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23(5-6). 521-527. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.11.004

Qu, K, Wang, X, Cai, X, Yan, Y, Jin, X, Vrekoussis, M, Kanakidou, M, Brasseur, GP, Shen, J, Xiao, T, Zeng, L and Zhang, Y (2023) Rethinking the role of transport and photochemistry in regional ozone pollution: insights from ozone concentration and mass budgets. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 23(13). 7653-7671. doi:10.5194/acp-23-7653-2023

Rimbu, N and Lohmann, G (2010) Decadal Variability in a Central Greenland High-Resolution Deuterium Isotope Record and Its Relationship to the Frequency of Daily Atmospheric Circulation Patterns from the North Atlantic Region. Journal of Climate, 23(17). 4608-4618. doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3556.1

Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G, Lorenz, SJ, Kim, JH and Schneider, RR (2004) Holocene climate variability as derived from alkenone sea surface temperature and coupled ocean-atmosphere model experiments. Climate Dynamics, 23. 215-227. doi:10.1007/s00382-004-0435-8

Romero, OE, Kim, JH and Donner, B (2008) Submillennial-to-millennial variability of diatom production off Mauritania, NW Africa, during the last glacial cycle. Paleoceanography, 23. PA3218. doi:10.1029/2008PA001601 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Scheurle, C and Hebbeln, D (2003) Stable oxygen isotopes as recorders of salinity and river discharge in the German Bight, North Sea. Geo-Marine Letters, 23(2). 130-136. doi:10.1007/s00367-003-0133-2

Schulz, M, Paul, A and Timmermann, A (2004) Glacial-Interglacial Contrast in Climate Variability at Centennial-to-Millennial Timescales: Observations and Conceptual Model. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23(20-22). 2219-2230. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.08.014

Sluijs, A, Röhl, U, Schouten, S, Brumsack, HJ, Sangiorgi, F, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Brinkhuis, H (2008) Arctic late Paleocene - early Eocene paleoenvironments with special emphasis on the Paleocene - Eocene thermal maximum (Lomonosov Ridge, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 302). Paleoceanography, 23. PA1S11. doi:10.1029/2007PA001495

Steinfeldt, R, Rhein, M, Bullister, JL and Tanhua, T (2009) Inventory changes in anthropogenic carbon from 1997-2003 in the Atlantic Ocean between 20°S and 65°N. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 23. GB3010. doi:10.1029/2008GB003311 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Titelboim, D, Sadekov, A, Almogi-Labin, A, Herut, B, Kucera, M, Schmidt, C, Hyams-Kaphzan, O and Abramovich, S (2017) Geochemical signatures of benthic foraminiferal shells from a heat-polluted shallow marine environment provide field evidence for growth and calcification under extreme warmth. Global Change Biology, 23(10). 4346-4353. doi:10.1111/gcb.13729

229

Miller, C, Hahn, A, Liebrand, D, Zabel, M and Schefuß, E (2020) Mid- and low latitude effects on eastern South African rainfall over the Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 229. 106088. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106088

Pinho, TML, Chiessi, CM, Campos, MC, Portilho-Ramos, RC, Martínez-Méndez, G, Venancio, IM, Nascimento, RA, Crivellari, S, Albuquerque, ALS, Arz, HW, Tiedemann, R, Bahr, A and Mulitza, S (2023) Thermodynamic air-sea equilibration controls carbon isotopic composition of the South Atlantic thermocline during the last glacial period. Global and Planetary Change, 229. 104223. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104223

de Jager, C and Versteegh, GJM (2005) Do planetary motions drive solar variability? Solar Physics, 229(1). 175-179. doi:10.1007/s11207-005-4086-7

228

Bianchi, C and Gersonde, R (2004) Climate evolution at the last deglacial: the role of the Southern Ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 228(3-4). 407-424. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.10.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lamping, N, Müller, J, Esper, O, Hillenbrand, CD, Smith, JA and Kuhn, G (2020) Highly branched isoprenoids reveal onset of deglaciation followed by dynamic sea-ice conditions in the western Amundsen Sea, Antarctica. Quaternary Science Reviews, 228. 106103. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106103

Pérez-Asensio, JN, Frigola, J, Pena, LD, Sierro, FJ, Reguera, MI, Rodríguez-Tovar, FJ, Dorador, J, Asioli, A, Kuhlmann, J, Huhn, K and Cacho, I (2020) Changes in western Mediterranean thermohaline circulation in association with a deglacial Organic Rich Layer formation in the Alboran Sea. Quaternary Science Reviews, 228. 106075. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106075

227

Gussone, N, Eisenhauer, A, Tiedemann, R, Haug, GH, Heuser, A, Bock, B, Nägler, TF and Müller, A (2004) Reconstruction of Caribbean Sea surface temperature and salinity fluctuations in response to the Pliocene closure of the Central American gateway and radiative forcing, using d44/40Ca, d18O and Mg/Ca ratios. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 227(3-4). 201-214. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.09.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Quijada, M, Riboulleau, A, Strother, P, Taylor, W, Mezzetti, A and Versteegh, GJM (2016) Protosalvinia revisited, new evidence for a land plant affinity. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 227. 52-64. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.10.008

225

Campos, MC, Chiessi, CM, Prange, M, Mulitza, S, Kuhnert, H, Paul, A, Venancio, IM, Albuquerque, ALS, Cruz, FW and Bahr, A (2019) A new mechanism for millennial scale positive precipitation anomalies over tropical South America. Quaternary Science Reviews, 225. 105990. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105990

224

Cortese, G, Dolven, JK, Bjorklund, KR and Malmgren, B (2005) Late Pleistocene-Holocene radiolarian paleotemperatures in the Norwegian Sea based on Artificial Neural Networks. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 224(4). 311-332. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.04.015

Cortese, G, Gersonde, R, Hillenbrand, CD and Kuhn, G (2004) Opal sedimentation shifts in the World Ocean over last 15 Myr. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 224(3-4). 509-527. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.05.035

Hopmans, EC, Weijers, JWH, Schefuß, E, Herfort, L, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Schouten, S (2004) A novel proxy for terrestrial organic matter in sediments based on branched and isoprenoid tetraether lipids. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 224(1-2). 107-116. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.05.012

223

Armand, LK, Crosta, X, Romero, OE and Pichon, JJ (2005) The biogeography of major diatom taxa in Southern Ocean sediments: 1. Ice related species. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 223(1-2). 93-126. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.02.015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Crosta, X, Romero, OE, Armand, LK and Pichon, JJ (2005) The biogeography of major diatom taxa in Southern Ocean sediments: 2. Open ocean related species. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 223(1-2). 66-92. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.03.028 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Romero, OE, Armand, LK, Crosta, X and Pichon, JJ (2005) The biogeography of major diatom taxa in Southern Ocean sediments: 3. Subantarctic species. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 223(1-2). 49-65. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.03.027 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

222

Cortese, G, Abelmann, A and Gersonde, R (2004) A glacial warm water anomaly in the subantarctic Atlantic Ocean, near the Agulhas Retroflection. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 222(3-4). 767-778. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.029 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sima, A, Paul, A and Schulz, M (2004) The Younger Dryas - an intrinsic feature of late Pleistocene climate change at millennial timescales. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 222(3-4). 741-750. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.026

221

Benthien, A, Andersen, N, Schulte, S, Müller, PJ, Schneider, RR and Wefer, G (2005) The carbon isotopic record of the C37:2 alkenone in the South Atlantic: Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) vs. Holocene. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 221(1-2). 123-140. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.02.008

Zhao, X, Dupont, LM, Cheddadi, R, Kölling, M, Reddad, H, Groeneveld, J, Ain-Lhout, FZ and Bouimetarhan, I (2019) Recent climatic and anthropogenic impacts on endemic species in southwestern Morocco. Quaternary Science Reviews, 221. 105889. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105889

220

Khan, NS, Horton, BP, Engelhart, S, Rovere, A, Vacchi, M, Ashe, EL, Törnqvist, TE, Dutton, A, Hijma, MP and Shennan, I (2019) Inception of a global atlas of sea levels since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews, 220. 359-371. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.07.016

22

Al-Rousan, S, Al-Moghrabi, SM, Pätzold, J and Wefer, G (2003) Stable oxygen isotopes in Porites corals monitor weekly temperature variations in the northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Coral Reefs, 22(4). 346-356. doi:10.1007/s00338-003-0321-6 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Bozzano, G, Cerredo, ME, Remesal, M, Steinmann, L, Hanebuth, TJJ, Schwenk, T, Baqués, M, Hebbeln, D, Spoltore, D, Silvestri, O, Acevedo, RD, Spiess, V, Violante, RA and Kasten, S (2021) Dropstones in the Mar del Plata Canyon area (SW Atlantic): Evidence for provenance, transport, distribution, and oceanographic implications. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 22(1). doi:10.1029/2020GC009333

Daskalakis, N, Gallardo, L, Kanakidou, M, Nüß, JR, Menares, C, Rondanelli, R, Thompson, AM and Vrekoussis, M (2022) Impact of biomass burning and stratospheric intrusions in the remote South Pacific Ocean troposphere. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22(6). 4075-4099. doi:10.5194/acp-22-4075-2022

Dupont, LM and Wyputta, U (2003) Reconstructing pathways of aeolian pollen transport to the marine sediments along the coastline of SW Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews, 22(2-4). 157-174. doi:10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00032-X PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Felis, T, Pätzold, J and Loya, Y (2003) Mean oxygen-isotope signatures in Porites spp. corals: inter-colony variability and correction for extension-rate effects. Coral Reefs, 22(4). 328-336. doi:10.1007/s00338-003-0324-3

Friese, CA, van der Does, M, Merkel, U, Iversen, MH, Fischer, G and Stuut, JBW (2016) Environmental factors controlling the seasonal variability in particle size distribution of modern Saharan dust deposited off Cape Blanc. Aeolian Research, 22. 165-179. doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2016.04.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Giraud, X, Le Quéré, C and Cotrim da Cunha, L (2008) Importance of coastal nutrient supply for global ocean biogeochemistry. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 22. GB2025. doi:10.1029/2006GB002717

Jaeschke, A, Rühlemann, C, Arz, HW, Heil, GMN and Lohmann, G (2007) Coupling of millennial-scale changes in sea surface temperature and precipitation off northeastern Brazil with high-latitude climate shifts during the last glacial period. Paleoceanography, 22. PA4206. doi:10.1029/2006PA001391 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Maier, C, Pätzold, J and Bak, RPM (2003) The skeletal isotopic compositioon as an indicator of ecological and physiological plasticity in the coral genus Madracis. Coral Reefs, 22. 370-380. doi:10.1007/s00338-003-0348-8

Mayer, G, Müller, W, Schork, K, Uszkoreit, J, Weidemann, A, Wittig, U, Rey, M, Quast, C, Felden, J, Glöckner, FO, Lange, M, Arend, D, Beier, S, Junker, A, Scholz, U, Schüler, D, Kestler, HA, Wibberg, D, Pühler, A, Twardziok, S, Eils, J, Eils, R, Hoffmann, S, Eisenacher, M and Turewicz, M (2021) Implementing FAIR data management within the German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (de.NBI) exemplified by selected use cases. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 22(5). doi:10.1093/bib/bbab010

O'Regan, M, Moran, K, Baxter, CDP, Cartwright, J, Vogt, C and Kölling, M (2010) Towards ground truthing exploration in the central Arctic Ocean: a Cenozoic compaction history from the Lomonosov Ridge. Basin Research, 22(2). 215-235. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00403.x

Romanova, V, Prange, M and Lohmann, G (2004) Stability of the glacial thermohaline circulation and its dependence on the background hydrological cycle. Climate Dynamics, 22(5). 527-538. doi:10.1007/s00382-004-0395-z

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, Laskar, J, Raffi, I, Bowles, J, Lourens, LJ and Zachos, JC (2007) On the duration of magnetochrons C24r and C25n and the timing of early Eocene global warming events: Implications from the Ocean Drilling Program Leg 208 Walvis Ridge depth transect. Paleoceanography, 22. PA2201. doi:10.1029/2006PA001322 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Winkelbauer, H, Cordova‐Rodriguez, K, Reyes‐Macaya, D, Scott, J, Glock, N, Lu, Z, Hamilton, E, Chenery, S, Holdship, P, Dormon, C and Hoogakker, B (2021) Foraminifera iodine to calciumratios: approach and cleaning. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 22(11). doi:10.1029/2021GC009811

de Pol-Holz, R, Ulloa, O, Lamy, F, Dezileau, L, Sabatier, P and Hebbeln, D (2007) Late Quaternary variability of sedimentary nitrogen isotopes in the eastern South Pacific Ocean. Paleoceanography, 22. PA2207. doi:10.1029/2006PA001308 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

219

Capron, E, Rovere, A, Austermann, J, Axford, Y, Barlow, NLM, Carlson, AE, de Vernal, A, Dutton, A, Kopp, RE, McManus, JF, Menviel, L, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Robinson, A, Shakun, JD, Tzedakis, PC and Wolff, EW (2019) Challenges and research priorities to understand interactions between climate, ice sheets and global mean sea level during past interglacials. Quaternary Science Reviews, 219. 308-311. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.030

Mann, T, Bender, M, Lorscheid, T, Stocchi, P, Vacchi, M, Switzer, AD and Rovere, A (2019) Holocene sea levels in Southeast Asia, Maldives, India and Sri Lanka: The SEAMIS database. Quaternary Science Reviews, 219. 112-125. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.07.007

O'Regan, M, St. John, KEK, Moran, K, Backman, J, King, JW, Haley, BA, Jakobsson, M, Frank, M and Röhl, U (2010) Plio-Pleistocene trends in ice rafted debris on the Lomonosov Ridge. Quaternary International, 219(1-2). 168-176. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2009.08.010

218

Scholz, D, Mangini, A and Felis, T (2004) U-Series dating of diagenetically altered fossil reef corals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 218(1-2). 163-178. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00647-2

Yu, KF, Zhao, JX, Wei, GJ, Cheng, XR, Chen, TG, Felis, T, Wang, P and Liu, TS (2005) d18O, Sr/Ca, and Mg/Ca records of Porites lutea corals from Leizhou Peninsula, northern South China Sea and their applicability as paleoclimatic indicators. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 218(1-2). 57-73. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.12.003

217

Feng, H, Tian, J, Lyle, M, Westerhold, T and Wilkens, R (2022) High resolution benthic foraminiferal δ18O and δ13C records at ODP site 807 over the past 5 Ma, Ontong Java Plateau: Evolution of North Pacific ventilation, Pliocene to Holocene. Global and Planetary Change, 217. 103945. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103945

Westerhold, T, Bickert, T and Röhl, U (2005) Middle to late Miocene oxygen isotope stratigraphy of ODP site 1085 (SE Atlantic): new constrains on Miocene climate variability and sea-level fluctuations. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 217(3-4). 205-222. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.12.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

216

Andres, MS, Bernasconi, SM, McKenzie, JA and Röhl, U (2003) Southern Ocean deglacial record supports global Younger Dryas. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 216(4). 515-524. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00556-9 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mohtadi, M, Hebbeln, D and Marchant, M (2005) Upwelling and productivity along the Peru-Chile current derived from faunal and isotopic compositions of planktic foraminifera in surface sediments. Marine Geology, 216(3). 107-126. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2005.01.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

215

Contreras-Rosales, LA, Jennerjahn, T, Steinke, S, Mohtadi, M and Schefuß, E (2019) Holocene changes in biome size and tropical cyclone activity around the Northern South China Sea. Quaternary Science Reviews, 215. 45-63. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.004

Dauner, ALL, Mollenhauer, G, Bícego, MC, de Souza, MM, Nagai, RH, Figueira, RCL, de Mahiques, MM, Sousa, SHM and Martins, CC (2019) Multi-proxy reconstruction of sea surface and subsurface temperatures in the western South Atlantic over the last ∼75 kyr. Quaternary Science Reviews, 215. 22-34. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.04.020

Helmke, JP, Bauch, HA, Röhl, U and Mazaud, A (2005) Changes in sedimentation patterns of the Nordic seas region across the mid-Pleistocene. Marine Geology, 215(3-4). 107-122. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.12.006

Leng, W, von Dobeneck, T, Just, J, Govin, A, St-Onge, G and Piper, DJW (2019) Compositional changes in deglacial red mud event beds off the Laurentian Channel reveal source mixing, grain-size partitioning and ice retreat. Quaternary Science Reviews, 215. 98-115. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.04.031

Nascimento, RA, Shimizu, MH, Venancio, IM, Chiessi, CM, Kuhnert, H, Johnstone, HJH, Govin, A, Lessa, D, Ballalai, JM, Santos, TP, Piacsek, P, Mulitza, S and Albuquerque, ALS (2022) Warmer western tropical South Atlantic during the Last Interglacial relative to the current interglacial period. Global and Planetary Change, 215. 103889. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103889

214

Bahr, A, Lamy, F, Arz, HW, Kuhlmann, H and Wefer, G (2005) Late glacial to Holocene climate and sedimentation history in the NW Black Sea. Marine Geology, 214(4). 309-322. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.11.013

213

Milker, Y, Jorissen, FJ, Riller, U, Reicherter, K, Titschack, J, Weinkauf, MFG, Theodor, M and Schmiedl, G (2019) Paleo-ecologic and neotectonic evolution of a marine depositional environment in SE Rhodes (Greece) during the early Pleistocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 213. 120-132. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.04.021

21

Abelmann, A, Gersonde, R, Cortese, G, Kuhn, G and Smetacek, V (2006) Extensive phytoplankton blooms in the Atlantic sector of the glacial Southern Ocean. Paleoceanography, 21. PA1013. doi:10.1029/2005PA001199

Boroffka, N, Oberhänsli, H, Sorrel, P, Demory, F, Reinhardt, C, Wünnemann, B, Alimov, K, Baratov, S, Rakhimov, K, Saparov, N, Shirinov, T, Krivonogov, SK and Röhl, U (2006) Archaeology and Climate: settlement and lake-level changes at the Aral Sea. Geoarchaeology, 21(7). 721-734. doi:10.1002/gea.20135

Hoffmann, P and Pätzold, J (2001) The stabilisation of wet sediment cores by means of a polyethylene glycol/freeze-drying treatment for display and permanent storage. Geo-Marine Letters, 21(4). 245-252. doi:10.1007/s00367-001-0085-3

Ionita, M, Lohmann, G and Rimbu, N (2008) Prediction of Spring Elbe Discharge Based on Stable Teleconnections with Winter Global Temperature and Precipitation. Journal of Climate, 21(23). 6215-6226. doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2248.1

Kim, JH, Schneider, RR, Hebbeln, D, Müller, PJ and Wefer, G (2002) Last deglacial sea-surface temperature evolution in the Southeast Pacific compared to climate changes on the Sourth American continent. Quaternary Science Reviews, 21(18-19). 2085-2097. doi:10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00012-4 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kolling, HM, Stein, R, Fahl, K, Sadatzki, H, Vernal, A and Xiao, X (2020) Biomarker distributions in (sub)‐Arctic surface sediments and their potential for sea ice reconstructions. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(10). doi:10.1029/2019GC008629

Lamy, F, Arz, HW, Bond, GC, Bahr, A and Pätzold, J (2006) Multicentennial-scale hydrological changes in the Black Sea and northern Red Sea during the Holocene and the Arctic/North Atlantic Oscillation. Paleoceanography, 21. PA1008. doi:10.1029/2005PA001184 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lorenz, SJ, Kim, JH, Rimbu, N, Schneider, RR and Lohmann, G (2006) Orbitally driven insolation forcing on Holocene climate trends: evidence from alkenone data and climate modeling. Paleoceanography, 21. PA1002. doi:10.1029/2005PA001152

Mackensen, A, Wollenburg, JE and Licari, L (2006) Low d13C in tests of live epibenthic and endobenthic foraminifera at a site of active methane seepage. Paleoceanography, 21. PA2022. doi:10.1029/2005PA001196 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Marrero, A, Tudurí, A, Perez, L, Cuña, C, Muniz, P, Lopes Figueira, RC, de Mahiques, MM, de Lima Ferreira, PA, Pittauerová, D, Hanebuth, TJJ and García-Rodríguez, F (2015) Historical changes in terrigenous river supply from the Rio de la Plata basin to the inner shelf of Uruguay. Latin American Journal of Sedimentology and Basin Analysis, 21(2). 165-179.

Mohtadi, M, Hebbeln, D, Nunez-Ricardo, S and Lange, CB (2006) El Niño-like pattern in the Pacific during Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 13 and 11? Paleoceanography, 21. PA1015. doi:10.1029/2005PA001190 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Plewa, K, Meggers, H and Kasten, S (2006) Barium in sediments off NW Africa: A tracer for paleoproductivity or meltwater events? Paleoceanography, 21. PA2015. doi:10.1029/2005PA001136 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schmiedl, G and Mackensen, A (2006) Multispecies stable isotopes of benthic foraminifers reveal past changes of organic matter decomposition and deepwater oxygenation in the Arabian Sea. Paleoceanography, 21. PA4213. doi:10.1029/2006PA001284 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Steph, S, Tiedemann, R, Prange, M, Groeneveld, J, Nürnberg, D, Reuning, L, Schulz, M and Haug, GH (2006) Changes in Caribbean surface hydrography during the Pliocene shoaling of the Central American Seaway. Paleoceanography, 21. PA4221. doi:10.1029/2004PA001092 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Weiner, A, Aurahs, R, Kurasawa, A, Kitazato, H and Kucera, M (2012) Vertical niche partitioning between cryptic sibling species of a cosmopolitan marine planktonic protist. Molecular Ecology, 21. 4063-4073. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05686.x

209

Seeberg-Elverfeldt, IA, Lange, CB, Arz, HW, Pätzold, J and Pike, J (2004) The significance of diatoms in the formation of laminated sediments of the Shaban Deep, Northern Red Sea. Marine Geology, 209(1-4). 279-301. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.05.019 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Singh, DP, Saraswat, R, Mohtadi, M and Kumar, P (2022) Warm northern tropical Indian Ocean strengthened the ocean circulation prior to the last glacial termination. Global and Planetary Change, 209. 103733. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103733

208

Kroon, D, Zachos, JC, Blum, P, Bowles, J, Gailott, P, Hasegawa, T, Hathorne, EC, Hodell, DA, Kelly, DC, Jung, JH, Keller, SM, Lee, YS, Leuschner, DC, Kyger, ZL, Lohmann, C, Lourens, LJ, Monechi, S, Nicolo, M, Raffi, I, Riesselman, C, Röhl, U, Schellenberg, SA, Schmidt, D, Sluijs, A, Thomas, D and Vallius, H (2007) Leg 208 synthesis: Cenozoic climate cycles and excursions. In: Kroon, D, Zachos, JC and Richter, C (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific Results, 208. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-55. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.208.201.2007

Tapia, R, Nürnberg, D, Ho, SL, Lamy, F, Ullermann, J, Gersonde, R and Tiedemann, R (2019) Glacial differences of Southern Ocean Intermediate Waters in the Central South Pacific. Quaternary Science Reviews, 208. 105-117. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.01.016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

207

Kuhlmann, H, Freudenthal, T, Helmke, P and Meggers, H (2004) Reconstruction of paleoceanography off NW Africa during the last 40,000 years: influence of local and regional factors on sediment accumulation. Marine Geology, 207(1-4). 209-224. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.03.017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Maier, C, Felis, T, Pätzold, J and Bak, RPM (2004) Effect of skeletal growth and lack of species effects in the skeletal d18O isotope climate signal within the corals of the genus Porites spp. Marine Geology, 207(1-4). 193-208. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.03.008

Schulz, M and Paul, A (2004) Sensitivity of the ocean-atmosphere carbon cycle to ice-covered and ice-free conditions in the Nordic Seas during the Last Glacial Maximum. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 207(1-2). 127-141. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.02.005

204

Jaeschke, A, Wengler, M, Hefter, J, Ronge, TA, Geibert, W, Mollenhauer, G, Gersonde, R and Lamy, F (2017) A biomarker perspective on dust, productivity, and sea surface temperature in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 204. 120-139. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2017.01.045 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kaniewski, D, Marriner, N, Cheddadi, R, Morhange, C, Vacchi, M, Rovere, A, Faivre, S, Otto, T, Luce, F, Carre, MB, Benčić, G and Van Campo, E (2021) Coastal submersions in the north-eastern Adriatic during the last 5200 years. Global and Planetary Change, 204. 103570. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103570

Wollenburg, JE, Knies, J and Mackensen, A (2004) High-resolution palaeoproductivity fluctuations during the past 24 kyr as indicated by benthic foraminifera in the marginal Arctic Ocean. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 204(3-4). 209-238. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00726-0 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

203

Behling, H, DePatta Pillar, V, Orlóci, L and Bauermann, SG (2004) Late Quaternary Araucaria forest, grassland (Campos), fire and climate dynamics, studied by high-resolution pollen, charcoal and multivariate analysis of the Cambará do Sul core in southern Brazil. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 203(3-4). 277-297. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00687-4

Hanebuth, TJJ, Mersmeyer, H, Kudrass, HR and Westphal, H (2013) Aeolian to shallow-marine shelf architecture off a major desert since the Late Pleistocene (northern Mauritania). Geomorphology, 203. 132-147. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.08.031

2022

Rillo, MC, Woolley, S and Hillebrand, H (2022) Drivers of global pre‐industrial patterns of species turnover in planktonic foraminifera. Ecography, 2022(1). doi:10.1111/ecog.05892

202

Groeneveld, J, Steph, S, Tiedemann, R, Garbe-Schönberg, CD, Nürnberg, D and Sturm, A (2006) Pliocene Mixed-Layer Oceanography for Site 1241, Using Combined Mg/Ca and d18O Analyses of Globigerinoides Sacculifer. In: Tiedemann, R, Mix, AC, Richter, C and Ruddiman, WF (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-27. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.202.209.2006

Lund, SP, Stoner, J, Channell, J and Lamy, F (2007) Detailed paleomagnetic and rock magnetic variability within three high-resolution study intervals from Site 1233. In: Tiedemann, R, Mix, AC, Richter, C and Ruddiman, WF (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific Results, 202. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-30. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.202.212.2007

Lund, SP, Stoner, J and Lamy, F (2006) Late Quarternary paleomagnetic secular variation and chronostratigraphy from ODP Sites 1233 and 1234. In: Tiedemann, R, Mix, AC, Richter, C and Ruddiman, WF (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific Results, 202. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-22. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.202.208.2006

Mulitza, S, Boltovskoy, D, Donner, B, Meggers, H, Paul, A and Wefer, G (2003) Temperature: d18O relationships of planktic foraminifera collected from surface waters. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 202(1-2). 143-152. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00633-3 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Steph, S, Tiedemann, R, Groeneveld, J, Sturm, A and Nürnberg, D (2006) Pliocene changes in tropical east Pacific upper ocean stratification: Response to tropical gateways? In: Tiedemann, R, Mix, AC, Richter, C and Ruddiman, WF (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-51. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.202.211.2006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tiedemann, R and Mix, AC (2007) Leg 202 synthesis: southeast Pacific paleoceanography. In: Tiedemann, R, Mix, AC, Richter, C and Ruddiman, WF (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific Results, 202. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-56. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.202.201.2007

Tiedemann, R, Sturm, A, Steph, S, Lund, S and Stoner, JS (2007) Astronomically calibrated timescales from 6 to 2.5 Ma and benthic isotope stratigraphies, Sites 1236, 1237, 1239, and 1241. In: Tiedemann, R, Mix, AC, Richter, C and Ruddiman, WF (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific Results, 202. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-69. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.202.210.2007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

2014

Haberzettl, T, Baade, J, Compton, J, Daut, G, Dupont, LM, Finch, J, Frenzel, P, Green, A, Hahn, A, Hebbeln, D, Helmschrot, J, Humphries, M, Kasper, T, Kirsten, K, Mäusbacher, R, Meadows, M, Meschner, S, Quick, L, Schefuß, E, Wündsch, M and Zabel, M (2014) Paleoenvironmental investigations using a combination of terrestrial and marine sediments from South Africa - The RAIN (Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations) approach. Zentralblatt für Geologie und Paläontologie, Teil I, 2014(1). 55-73. doi:10.1127/zgpI/2014/0055-0073

201

Gröger, M, Henrich, R and Bickert, T (2003) Glacial-interglacial variability in lower North Atlantic deep water: inference from silt grain-size analysis and carbonate preservation in the western equatorial Atlantic. Marine Geology, 201(4). 321-332. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00263-9 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Gröger, M, Henrich, R and Bickert, T (2003) Variability of silt grain size and planktonic foraminiferal preservation in Plio/Pleistocene sediments from the western equatorial Atlantic and Caribbean. Marine Geology, 201(4). 307-320. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00264-0 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hollstein, M, Mohtadi, M, Rosenthal, Y, Prange, M, Oppo, DW, Martínez Méndez, G, Tachikawa, K, Moffa Sanchez, P, Steinke, S and Hebbeln, D (2018) Variations in Western Pacific Warm Pool surface and thermocline conditions over the past 110,000 years: Forcing mechanisms and implications for the glacial Walker circulation. Quaternary Science Reviews, 201. 429-445. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.030 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Jang, K, Ahn, Y, Joe, YJ, Braun, CA, Joo, YJ, Kim, JH, Bayon, G, Forwick, M, Vogt, C and Nam, SI (2021) Glacial and environmental changes in northern Svalbard over the last 16.3 ka inferred from neodymium isotopes. Global and Planetary Change, 201. 103483. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103483

Vacchi, M, Ghilardi, M, Melis, RT, Spada, G, Giaime, M, Marriner, N, Lorscheid, T, Morhange, C, Burjachs, F and Rovere, A (2018) New relative sea-level insights into the isostatic history of the Western Mediterranean. Quaternary Science Reviews, 201. 396-408. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.025

20

Alvarado, LMA, Richter, A, Vrekoussis, M, Hilboll, A, Kalisz Hedegaard, AB, Schneising, O and Burrows, JP (2020) Unexpected long-range transport of glyoxal and formaldehyde observed from the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite during the 2018 Canadian wildfires. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 20(4). 2057-2072. doi:10.5194/acp-20-2057-2020

Cornuault, P, Westerhold, T, Pälike, H, Bickert, T, Baumann, KH and Kucera, M (2023) Nature and origin of variations in pelagic carbonate production in the tropical ocean since the mid-Miocene (ODP Site 927). Biogeosciences, 20(3). 597-618. doi:10.5194/bg-20-597-2023

Crow, BR, Tarasov, L, Schulz, M and Prange, M (2024) Uncertainties originating from GCM downscaling and bias correction with application to the MIS-11c Greenland Ice Sheet. Climate of the Past, 20(2). 281-296. doi:10.5194/cp-20-281-2024

Dima, M and Lohmann, G (2007) A hemispheric mechanism for the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Journal of Climate, 20(11). 2706-2719. doi:10.1175/JCLI4174.1

Gaviria-Lugo, N, Läuchli, C, Wittmann, H, Bernhardt, A, Frings, P, Mohtadi, M, Rach, O and Sachse, D (2023) Climatic controls on leaf wax hydrogen isotope ratios in terrestrial and marine sediments along a hyperarid-to-humid gradient. Biogeosciences, 20(21). 4433-4453. doi:10.5194/bg-20-4433-2023

Kaiser, J, Lamy, F and Hebbeln, D (2005) A 70-kyr sea surface temperature record off southern Chile (Ocean Drilling Programm Site 1233). Paleoceanography, 20. PA4009. doi:10.1029/2005PA001146 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kim, JH, Dupont, LM, Behling, H and Versteegh, GJM (2005) Impacts of rapid sea-level rise on mangrove deposit erosion: Application of taraxerol and Rhizophora records. Journal of Quaternary Science, 20(3). 221-225. doi:10.1002/jqs.904

Kuhn, LA, Zonneveld, KAF, Souza, PA and Cancelli, RR (2023) Late Quaternary palaeoenvironmental evolution and sea level oscillation of Santa Catarina Island (southern Brazil). Biogeosciences, 20(10). 1843-1861. doi:10.5194/bg-20-1843-2023

Meyer, VD, Pätzold, J, Mollenhauer, G, Castañeda, IS, Schouten, S and Schefuß, E (2024) Evolution of winter precipitation in the Nile river watershed since the last glacial. Climate of the Past, 20(3). 523-546. doi:10.5194/cp-20-523-2024

Queiroz Alves, E, Wong, W, Hefter, J, Grotheer, H, Tesi, T, Gentz, T, Zonneveld, K and Mollenhauer, G (2024) Deglacial export of pre-aged terrigenous carbon to the Bay of Biscay. Climate of the Past, 20(1). 121-136. doi:10.5194/cp-20-121-2024

Stammeier, JA, Hippler, D, Nebel, O, Leis, A, Grengg, C, Mittermayr, F, Kasemann, SA and Dietzel, M (2019) Radiogenic Sr and Stable C and O isotopes across Precambrian-Cambrian transition in marine carbonatic phosphorites of Malyi Karatau (Kazakhstan)- implications for paleo-environmental change. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 20(1). 3-23. doi:10.1029/2018GC007767

Weitzel, N, Andres, H, Baudouin, JP, Kapsch, ML, Mikolajewicz, U, Jonkers, L, Bothe, O, Ziegler, E, Kleinen, T, Paul, A and Rehfeld, K (2024) Towards spatio-temporal comparison of simulated and reconstructed sea surface temperatures for the last deglaciation. Climate of the Past, 20(4). 865-890. doi:10.5194/cp-20-865-2024

von Suchodoletz, H, Oberhänsli, H, Faust, D, Fuchs, M, Blanchet, CL, Goldhammer, T and Zöller, L (2010) The evolution of Saharan dust input on Lanzarote (Canary Islands) - influenced by human activity in the Northwest Sahara during the early Holocene? The Holocene, 20(2). 169-179. doi:10.1177/0959683609350385 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

2

Devaraju, A and Huber, R (2021) An automated solution for measuring the progress toward FAIR research data. Patterns, 2(11). 100370. doi:10.1016/j.patter.2021.100370

Karas, C, Nürnberg, D, Gupta, AK, Tiedemann, R, Mohan, K and Bickert, T (2009) Mid-Pliocene climate change amplified by a switch in Indonesian subsurface throughflow. Nature Geoscience, 2. 434-438. doi:10.1038/NGEO520

Lohmann, G, Butzin, M, Micheels, A, Bickert, T and Mosbrugger, V (2006) Effect of vegetation on the Late Miocene ocean circulation. Climate of the Past, 2. 605-631. doi:10.5194/cpd-2-605-2006

MARGO Project Members, Waelbroeck, C, Paul, A, Kucera, M, Rosell-Melé, A, Weinelt, M, Schneider, RR, Mix, AC, Abelmann, A, Armand, LK, Bard, E, Barker, S, Barrows, TT, Benway, HM, Cacho Lascorz, I, Chen, MT, Cortijo, E, Crosta, X, de Vernal, A, Dokken, T, Duprat, J, Elderfield, H, Eynaud, F, Gersonde, R, Hayes, A, Henry, M, Hillaire-Marcel, C, Huang, CC, Jansen, E, Juggins, S, Kallel, N, Kiefer, T, Kienast, M, Labeyrie, LD, Leclaire, H, Londeix, L, Mangin, S, Matthiessen, J, Marret, F, Meland, MY, Morey, AE, Mulitza, S, Pflaumann, U, Pisias, NG, Radi, T, Rochon, A, Rohling, EJ, Sbaffi, L, Schäfer-Neth, C, Solignac, S, Spero, H, Tachikawa, K and Turon, JL (2009) Constraints on the magnitude and patterns of ocean cooling at the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature Geoscience, 2(2). 127-132. doi:10.1038/ngeo411 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rubin-Blum, M, Antony, CP, Borowski, C, Sayavedra, L, Pape, T, Sahling, H, Bohrmann, G, Kleiner, M, Redmond, MC, Valentine, DL and Dubilier, N (2017) Short-chain alkanes fuel mussel and sponge Cycloclasticus symbionts from deep-sea gas and oil seeps. Nature Microbiology, 2. 17093. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.93 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schulz, M, Prange, M and Klocker, A (2007) Low-frequency oscillations of the Atlantic Ocean meridional overturning circulation in a coupled climate model. Climate of the Past, 2. 97-107. doi:10.5194/cp-3-97-2007

Sluijs, A, Schouten, S, Donders, TH, Schoon, PL, Röhl, U, Reichart, GJ, Sangiorgi, F, Kim, JH, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Brinkhuis, H (2009) Warm and wet conditions in the Arctic region during Eocene Thermal Maximum 2. Nature Geosciences, 2. 777-780. doi:10.1038/NGEO668 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stepanjants, SD, Cortese, G, Kruglikova, SB and Bjorklund, KR (2006) A review of bipolarity concepts: history and examples from Radiolaria and Medusozoa (Cnidaria). Marine Biology Research, 2. 200-241. doi:10.1080/17451000600781767

Weinkauf, MFG, Moller, T, Koch, MC and Kučera, M (2014) Disruptive selection and bet-hedging in planktonic Foraminifera: shell morphology as predictor of extinctions. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2. doi:10.3389/fevo.2014.00064 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

199

Sinnesael, M, De Vleeschouwer, D, Zeeden, C, Batenburg, SJ, Da Silva, AC, de Winter, NJ, Dinarès-Turell, J, Drury, AJ, Gambacorta, G, Hilgen, FJ, Hinnov, LA, Hudson, AJL, Kemp, DB, Lantink, ML, Laurin, J, Li, M, Liebrand, D, Ma, C, Meyers, SR, Monkenbusch, J, Montanari, A, Nohl, T, Pälike, H, Pas, D, Ruhl, M, Thibault, N, Vahlenkamp, M, Valero, L, Wouters, S, Wu, H and Claeys, P (2019) The Cyclostratigraphy Intercomparison Project (CIP): consistency, merits and pitfalls. Earth-Science Reviews, 199. 102965. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102965

198

Bralower, TJ, Premoli Silva, I and Malone, MJ (2006) Leg 198 Synthesis: A remarkable 120-m.y. record of climate and oceanography from Shatsky Rise, northwest Pacific Ocean. In: Bralower, TJ, Premoli Silva, I and Malone, MJ (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific Results, 198. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-47. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.198.101.2006

Nelson, DB, Knohl, A, Sachse, D, Schefuß, E and Kahmen, A (2017) Sources and abundances of leaf waxes in aerosols in central Europe. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 198. 299-314. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Westerhold, T and Röhl, U (2006) Data report: Revised composite records for Shatsky Rise Sites 1209, 1210, and 1211. In: Bralower, TJ, Primoli-Silva, I and Malone, MJ (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Volume 198. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-26. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.198.122.2006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

197

Adegbie, AT, Schneider, RR, Röhl, U and Wefer, G (2003) Glacial millennial-scale fluctuations in central African precipitation recorded in terrigenous sediment supply and freshwater signals offshore Cameroon. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 197(3-4). 323-333. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00474-7 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

196

Liu, X, Rendle-Bühring, R and Henrich, R (2018) High-and low-latitude forcing of the East African climate since the LGM: Inferred from the elemental composition of marine sediments off Tanzania. Quaternary Science Reviews, 196. 124-136. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.08.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

195

Venancio, IM, Shimizu, MH, Santos, TP, Lessa, DO, Dias, BB, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Kuhnert, H, Tiedemann, R, Vahlenkamp, M, Bickert, T, Belem, AL, Sampaio, G, Albuquerque, ALS and Nobr, C (2020) Ocean-atmosphere interactions over the western South Atlantic during Heinrich stadials. Global and Planetary Change, 195. 103352. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103352

194

Kim, JH, Schneider, RR, Müller, PJ and Wefer, G (2002) Interhemispheric comparison of deglacial sea-surface temperature patterns in Atlantic eastern boundary currents. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 194(3-4). 383-393. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00545-3 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

193

Jahn, B, Donner, B, Müller, PJ, Röhl, U, Schneider, RR and Wefer, G (2003) Pleistocene variations in dust input and marine productivity in the northern Benguela Current: Evidence of evolution of global glacial-interglacial cycles. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 193(3-4). 515-533. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00264-5 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Pälike, H, Shackleton, NJ and Röhl, U (2001) Astronomical forcing in late Eocene sediments. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 193(3-4). 589-602. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00501-5 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

192

Bouimetarhan, I, Chiessi, CM, González-Arango, C, Dupont, LM, Voigt, I, Prange, M and Zonneveld, KAF (2018) Intermittent development of forest corridors in northeastern Brazil during the last deglaciation: Climatic and ecologic evidence. Quaternary Science Reviews, 192. 86-96. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.026 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Häggi, C, Sawakuchi, AO, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Mollenhauer, G, Sawakuchi, HO, Baker, PA, Zabel, M and Schefuß, E (2016) Origin, transport and deposition of leaf-wax biomarkers in the Amazon Basin and the adjacent Atlantic. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 192. 149-165. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2016.07.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wang, X, Jian, Z, Lückge, A, Wang, Y, Dang, H and Mohtadi, M (2018) Precession-paced thermocline water temperature changes in response to upwelling conditions off southern Sumatra over the past 300,000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 192. 123-134. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.035 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

191

Cavaleiro, C, Voelker, AHL, Stoll, H, Baumann, KH, Kulhanek, DK, Naafs, BDA, Stein, R, Grützner, J, Ventura, C and Kucera, M (2018) Insolation forcing of coccolithophore productivity in the North Atlantic during the Middle Pleistocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 191. 318-336. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.027 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Pikridas, M, Vrekoussis, M, Sciare, J, Kleanthous, S, Vasiliadou, E, Kizas, C, Savvides, C and Mihalopoulos, N (2018) Spatial and temporal (short and long-term) variability of submicron, fine and sub-10 μm particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5, PM10) in Cyprus. Atmospheric Environment, 191. 79-93. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.07.048

Zonneveld, KAF, Marret, F, Versteegh, GJM, Bogus, K, Bonnet, S, Bouimetarhan, I, Crouch, E, de Vernal, A, Elshanawany, R, Edwards, L, Esper, O, Forke, S, Grøsfjeld, K, Henry, M, Holzwarth, U, Kielt, JF, Kim, SY, Ladouceur, S, Ledu, D, Liang, C, Limoges, A, Londeix, L, Lu, SH, Mahmoud, MS, Marino, G, Matsouka, K, Matthiessen, J, Mildenhal, DC, Mudie, PJ, Neil, HL, Pospelova, V, Qi, Y, Radi, T, Richerol, T, Rochon, A, Sangiorgi, F, Solignac, S, Turon, JL, Verleye, T, Wang, Y, Wang, Z and Young, MD (2013) Atlas of modern dinoflagellate cyst distribution based on 2405 datapoints. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 191. 1-197. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.08.003

190

Höppner, N, Lucassen, F, Chiessi, CM, Sawakuchi, AO and Kasemann, SA (2018) Holocene provenance shift of suspended particulate matter in the Amazon River basin. Quaternary Science Reviews, 190. 66-80. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.04.021 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

19, 4

Thomas, E, Brinkhuis, H, Huber, M and Röhl, U (2006) An ocean View of the Early Cenozoic Greenhouse World. Oceanography, Special Volume on Ocean Drilling, 19, 4. 94-103. doi:10.5670/oceanog.2006.08

19

Ansmann, A, Mamouri, RE, Bühl, J, Seifert, P, Engelmann, R, Hofer, J, Nisantzi, A, Atkinson, JD, Kanji, ZA, Sierau, B, Vrekoussis, M and Sciare, J (2019) Ice-nucleating particle versus ice crystal number concentrationin altocumulus and cirrus layers embedded in Saharan dust:a closure study. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19(23). 15087-15115. doi:10.5194/acp-19-15087-2019

Behrens, LK, Hilboll, A, Richter, A, Peters, E, Alvarado, LMA, Kalisz Hedegaard, AB, Wittrock, F, Burrows, JP and Vrekoussis, M (2019) Detection of outflow of formaldehyde and glyoxal from the African continent to the Atlantic Ocean with a MAX-DOAS instrument. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19(15). 10257-10278. doi:10.5194/acp-19-10257-2019

Bickert, T, Haug, GH and Tiedemann, R (2004) Late Neogene benthic stable isotope record of ODP Site 999: Implications for Caribbean paleoceanography, organic carbon burial and the Messininian Salinity Crisis. Paleoceanography, 19. PA1023. doi:10.1029/2002PA000799 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Calmer, R, Roberts, GC, Sanchez, KJ, Sciare, J, Sellegri, K, Picard, D, Vrekoussis, M and Pikridas, M (2019) Aerosol–cloud closure study on cloud optical properties using remotely piloted aircraft measurements during a BACCHUS field campaign in Cyprus. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19(22). 13989-14007. doi:10.5194/acp-19-13989-2019

Cao, M, Hefter, J, Tiedemann, R, Lembke-Jene, L, Meyer, VD and Mollenhauer, G (2023) Deglacial records of terrigenous organic matter accumulation off the Yukon and Amur rivers based on lignin phenols and long-chain n-alkanes. Climate of the Past, 19(1). 159-178. doi:10.5194/cp-19-159-2023

Cauquoin, A, Abe-Ouchi, A, Obase, T, Chan, WL, Paul, A and Werner, M (2023) Effects of Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) sea surface temperature and sea ice extent on the isotope–temperature slope at polar ice core sites. Climate of the Past, 19(6). 1275-1294. doi:10.5194/cp-19-1275-2023

Dezileau, L, Ulloa, O, Hebbeln, D, Lamy, F and Reyss, JL (2004) Andean iron control of past productivity in the coastal upwelling system off the Atacama desert, Chile. Paleoceanography, 19. PA3012. doi:10.1029/2004PA001006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Diester-Haass, L, Meyers, PA and Bickert, T (2004) Carbonate crash and biogenic bloom in the late Miocene: Evidence from ODP Sites 1085, 1086, and 1087 in the Cape Basin, southeast Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography, 19(PA1007). doi:10.1029/2003PA000933 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Gensel, J, Humphries, MS, Zabel, M, Sebag, D, Hahn, A and Schefuß, E (2022) Origin, transport, and retention of fluvial sedimentary organic matter in South Africa's largest freshwater wetland, Mkhuze Wetland System. Biogeosciences, 19(11). 2881-2902. doi:10.5194/bg-19-2881-2022

Hohmann, S, Kucera, M and de Vernal, A (2023) Disentangling environmental drivers of subarctic dinocyst assemblage compositional change during the Holocene. Climate of the Past, 19(10). 2027-2051. doi:10.5194/cp-19-2027-2023

Jones, PD, Briffa, KR, Osborn, TJ, Lough, JM, van Ommen, TD, Vinther, BM, Luterbacher, J, Wahl, ER, Zwiers, FW, Mann, ME, Schmidt, GA, Ammann, CM, Buckley, BM, Cobb, KM, Esper, J, Goosse, H, Graham, N, Jansen, E, Kiefer, T, Kull, C, Küttel, M, Mosley-Thompson, E, Overpeck, JT, Riedwyl, N, Schulz, M, Tudhope, AW, Villalba, R, Wanner, H, Wolff, E and Xoplaki, E (2009) High-resolution palaeoclimatology of the last millennium: a review of current status and future prospects. The Holocene, 19(1). 3-49. doi:10.1177/0959683608098952

Labuhn, I, Tell, F, von Grafenstein, U, Hammarlund, D, Kuhnert, H and Minster, B (2022) A modern snapshot of the isotopic composition of lacustrine biogenic carbonates – records of seasonal water temperature variability. Biogeosciences, 19(11). 2759-2777. doi:10.5194/bg-19-2759-2022

Liebrand, D, de Bakker, ATM, Johnstone, HJH and Miller, CS (2023) Disparate energy sources for slow and fast Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles. Climate of the Past, 19(7). 1447-1459. doi:10.5194/cp-19-1447-2023

Malmierca-Vallet, I, Sime, LC and D-O community members (2023) Dansgaard–Oeschger events in climate models: review and baseline Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) protocol. Climate of the Past, 19(5). 915-942. doi:10.5194/cp-19-915-2023

Meier, KJS, Zonneveld, KAF, Kasten, S and Willems, H (2004) Different nutrient sources forcing increased productivity during eastern Mediterranean S1 sapropel formation as reflected by calcareous dinoflagellate cysts. Paleoceanography, 19. PA1012. doi:10.1029/2003PA000895 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Meinhold, G, Arslan, A, Lehnert, O and Stampfli, GM (2011) Global mass wasting during the Middle Ordovician: Meteoritic trigger or plate-tectonic environment? Gondwana Research, 19. 535-541. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.001

Mezger, EM, Nooijer, LJ, Siccha, M, Brummer, GJA, Kucera, M and Reichart, GJ (2018) Taphonomic and ontogenetic effects on Na/Ca and Mg/Ca in spinose planktonic foraminifera from the Red Sea. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 19(11). 4174-4194. doi:10.1029/2018GC007852

Mohtadi, M and Hebbeln, D (2004) Mechanisms and variations of the paleoproductivity off northern Chile (24°S-33°S) during the last 40,000 years. Paleoceanography, 19. PA2023. doi:10.1029/2004PA001003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mohtadi, M, Romero, OE and Hebbeln, D (2004) Changing marine productivity off northern Chile during the last 19,000 years: A multivariable approach. Journal of Quaternary Science, 19(4). 347-360. doi:10.1002/jqs.832 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rühlemann, C, Mulitza, S, Lohmann, G, Paul, A, Prange, M and Wefer, G (2004) Intermediate depth warming in the tropical Atlantic related to weakened thermohaline circulation: Combining paleoclimate and modeling data for the last deglaciation. Paleoceanography, 19. PA1025. doi:10.1029/2003PA000948 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schefuß, E, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Jansen, JHF (2004) Forcing of tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures during the mid-Pleistocene transition. Paleoceanography, 19. PA4029. doi:10.1029/2003PA000892 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schmittner, A, Oschlies, A, Giraud, X, Eby, M and Simmons, HL (2005) A global model of the marine ecosystem for long-term simulations: Sensitivity to ocean mixing, buoyancy forcing, particle sinking, and dissolved organic matter cycling. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 19. GB3004. doi:10.1029/2004GB002283

Schneider, B, Oschlies, A, Karstensen, J and Schlitzer, R (2005) Model-based evaluation of methods to determine C:N and N:P regeneration ratios from dissolved nutrients. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 19. GB2009. doi:10.1029/2004GB002256

Schulte, S, Benthien, A, Müller, PJ and Rühlemann, C (2004) Carbon isotopic fractionation (ep) of C37 alkenones in deep sea sediments: its potential as a paleo-nutrient proxy. Paleoceanography, 19. PA1011. doi:10.1029/2002PA000811 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Scussolini, P, Dullaart, J, Muis, S, Rovere, A, Bakker, P, Coumou, D, Renssen, H, Ward, PJ and Aerts, JCJH (2023) Modeled storm surge changes in a warmer world: the Last Interglacial. Climate of the Past, 19(1). 141-157. doi:10.5194/cp-19-141-2023

Stickley, CE, Brinkhuis, H, Schellenberg, SA, Sluijs, A, Fuller, MD, Grauert, M, Röhl, U, Warnaar, J and Wiliams, GL (2004) Timing and nature of the deepening of the Tasmanian Gateway. Paleoceanography, 19. PA4026. doi:10.1029/2004PA001022 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Tapia, R, Ho, SL, Wang, HY, Groeneveld, J and Mohtadi, M (2022) Contrasting vertical distributions of recent planktic foraminifera off Indonesia during the southeast monsoon: implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions. Biogeosciences, 19(13). 3185-3208. doi:10.5194/bg-19-3185-2022

Versteegh, GJM, Zonneveld, KAF, Hefter, J, Romero, OE, Fischer, G and Mollenhauer, G (2022) Performance of temperature and productivity proxies based on long-chain alkane-1, mid-chain diols at test: a 5-year sediment trap record from the Mauritanian upwelling. Biogeosciences, 19(5). 1587-1610. doi:10.5194/bg-19-1587-2022

Visbeck, M, Araújo, M, Boetius, A, Buch, E, Claustre, H, Dabrowski, T, Delory, E, deYoung, B, Drinkwater, K, Fischer, A, Fritz, JS, Horsburgh, KJ, Karstensen, J, Lampitt, R, Larkin, K, Le Traon, PY, Lherminier, P, Monteiro, P, Mowlem, MC, Pearlman, J, Pinardi, N, Pouliquen, S, Saraceno, M, Speich, S, Waldmann, C, Wallace, D, Weller, B and Whoriskey, F (2015) More integrated and more sustainable Atlantic Ocean Observing (AtlantOS). CLIVAR Exchanges No 67, 19(2). 18-20.

Vorrath, ME, Müller, J, Cárdenas, P, Opel, T, Mieruch, S, Esper, O, Lembke-Jene, L, Etourneau, J, Vieth-Hillebrand, A, Lahajnar, N, Lange, CB, Leventer, A, Evangelinos, D, Escutia, C and Mollenhauer, G (2023) Deglacial and Holocene sea-ice and climate dynamics in the Bransfield Strait, northern Antarctic Peninsula. Climate of the Past, 19(5). 1061-1079. doi:10.5194/cp-19-1061-2023

Weiffenbach, JE, Baatsen, MLJ, Dijkstra, HA, von der Heydt, AS, Abe-Ouchi, A, Brady, EC, Chan, WL, Chandan, D, Chandler, MA, Contoux, C, Feng, R, Guo, C, Han, Z, Haywood, AM, Li, Q, Li, X, Lohmann, G, Lunt, DJ, Nisancioglu, KH, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Peltier, WR, Ramstein, G, Sohl, LE, Stepanek, C, Tan, N, Tindall, JC, Williams, CJR, Zhang, Q and Zhang, Z (2023) Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2. Climate of the Past, 19(1). 61-85. doi:10.5194/cp-19-61-2023

188

Kusch, S, Rethemeyer, J, Hopmans, EC, Wacker, L and Mollenhauer, G (2016) Factors influencing 14C concentrations of algal and archaeal lipids and their associated sea surface temperature proxies in the Black Sea. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 188. 35-57. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.025 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

187

Bianchi, C and Gersonde, R (2002) The Southern Ocean surface between Marine Isotope Stages 6 and 5d: Shape and timing of climate changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 187(1-2). 151-177. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(02)00516-3

Breuer, S, Kilian, R, Baeza, O, Lamy, F and Arz, HW (2013) Holocene denudation rates from the superhumid southernmost Chilean Patagonian Andes (53°S) deduced from lake sediment budgets. Geomorphology, 187. 135-152. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.01.009

Eichner, D, Schmiedl, G, Titschack, J, Ferreira, M, Triantaphyllou, M, Andersen, N and Milker, Y (2024) Humid climate phases on the Island of Rhodes (Greece) during the late Pliocene at times of sapropel formation. Marine Micropaleontology, 187. 102341. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2024.102341

Shi, N, Schneider, RR, Beug, HJ and Dupont, LM (2001) Southeast trade wind variations during the last 135 kyr: evidence from pollen spectra in eastern South Atlantic sediments. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 187(3-4). 311-321. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00267-9 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Uliana, E, Lange, CB and Wefer, G (2002) Evidence for Congo River freshwater load in Late Quaternary sediments of ODP Site 1077 (5°S, 10°E). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 187(1-2). 137-150. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(02)00514-X PANGAEA Supplementary Data

186

Gingele, F and Schmieder, F (2001) Anomalous South Atlantic lithologies confirm global scale of unusual mid-Pleistocene climate excursion. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 186(1). 93-101. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00234-5

Hebbeln, D, Marchant, M and Wefer, G (2002) Paleoproductivity in the southern Peru-Chile Current through the last 33,000 years. Marine Geology, 186(3-4). 487-504. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00331-6

Huang, Z, Chen, A, Mii, HS, Mohtadi, M and Steinke, S (2024) Calcification depth of pteropods in the Coral Sea using stable oxygen isotopes. Marine Micropaleontology, 186. 102322. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2023.102322

Leng, W, von Dobeneck, T, Bergmann, F, Just, J, Mulitza, S, Chiessi, CM, St-Onge, G and Piper, DJW (2018) Sedimentary and rock magnetic signatures and event scenarios of deglacial outburst floods from the Laurentian Channel Ice Stream. Quaternary Science Reviews, 186. 27-46. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.01.016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Pittauer, D, Roos, P, Qiao, J, Geibert, W, Elvert, M and Fischer, HW (2018) Pacific Proving Grounds radioisotope imprint in the Philippine Sea sediments. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 186. 131-141. doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.06.021 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Volbers, ANA and Henrich, R (2002) Present water mass calcium carbonate corrosiveness in the eastern South Atlantic inferred from ultrastructural breakdown of Globigerina bulloides in surface sediments. Marine Geology, 186(3-4). 471-486. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00333-X PANGAEA Supplementary Data

185

Lamy, F, Hebbeln, D, Röhl, U and Wefer, G (2001) Holocene rainfall variability in southern Chile: a marine record of latitudinal shifts of the Southern Westerlies. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 185. 369-382.

Stocchi, P, Vacchi, M, Lorscheid, T, de Boer, B, Simms, AR, van de Wal, RSW, Vermeersen, BLA, Pappalardo, M and Rovere, A (2018) MIS 5e relative sea-level changes in the Mediterranean Sea: contribution of isostatic disequilibrium. Quaternary Science Reviews, 185. 122-134. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.01.004

184

Hemingway, JD, Schefuß, E, Dinga, BJ, Pryer, H and Galy, VV (2016) Multiple plant-wax compounds record differential sources and ecosystem structure in large river catchments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 184. 20-40. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2016.04.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Niedermeyer, EM, Forrest, M, Beckmann, B, Sessions, AL, Mulch, A and Schefuß, E (2016) The stable hydrogen isotopic composition of sedimentary plant waxes as quantitative proxy for rainfall in the West African Sahel. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 184. 55-70. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2016.03.034 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Venancio, IM, Shimizu, MH, Santos, TP, Lessa, DO, Portilho-Ramos, RC, Chiessi, CM, Crivellari, S, Mulitza, S, Kuhnert, H, Tiedemann, R, Vahlenkamp, M, Bickert, T, Sampaio, G, Albuquerque, ALS, Veiga, S, Nobre, P and Nobre, C (2020) Changes in surface hydrography at the western tropical Atlantic during the Younger Dryas. Global and Planetary Change, 184. 103047. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103047

183

Bogus, K, Harding, IC, King, A, Charles, AJ, Zonneveld, KAF and Versteegh, GJM (2012) The composition and diversity of dinosprin in species of the Apectodinium complex (Dinoflagellata). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 183. 21-31. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.07.001

182

Cortese, G and Abelmann, A (2002) Radiolarian-based paleotemperatures during the last 160 kyrs at ODP Site 1089 (Southern Ocean, Atlantic Sector). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 182(3-4). 259-286. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00499-0 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Danek, C, Scholz, P and Lohmann, G (2023) Decadal variability of eddy temperature fluxes in the Labrador Sea. Ocean Modelling, 182. 102170. doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2023.102170

181

Crivellari, S, Chiessi, CM, Kuhnert, H, Häggi, C, da Costa Portilho-Ramos, R, Zeng, JY, Zhang, Y, Schefuß, E, Mollenhauer, G, Hefter, J, Alexandre, F, Sampaio, G and Mulitza, S (2018) Increased Amazon freshwater discharge during late Heinrich Stadial 1. Quaternary Science Reviews, 181. 144-155. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.12.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Röhl, U, Brinkhuis, H, Fuller, MD, Schellenberg, SA, Stickley, CE and Williams, GL (2004) Cyclostratigraphy of middle and late Eocene sediments drilled on the East Tasman Plateau (Site 1172). In: Exon, NF, Malone, M and Kennett, JP (eds.) Climate evolution in the Southern Ocean and Australia's Cenozoic flight northward from Antarctica. American Geophysical Union, 127-152.

180

Aharonovich, S, Lipp, JS and George, SC (2023) Global sea level changes or local tectonics? Pliocene, Miocene and Oligocene biomarkers in cored sedimentary rocks from IODP Expedition 317, Canterbury Basin, New Zealand. Organic Geochemistry, 180. 104590. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2023.104590

Berger, WH and Wefer, G (2002) On the reconstruction of upwelling history: Namibia upwelling in context. Marine Geology, 180(1-4). 3-28. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00203-1

Stuut, JB, Prins, MA, Schneider, RR, Weltje, GJ, Jansen, JHF and Postma, G (2002) A 300-kyr record of aridity and wind strength in southwestern Africa: inferences from grain-size distributions of sediments on Walvis Ridge, SE Atlantic. Marine Geology, 180(1-4). 221-233. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00215-8 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Vidal, L, Bickert, T, Wefer, G and Röhl, U (2002) Late Miocene stable isotope stratigraphy of SE Atlantic ODP Site 1085: Relation to Messinian events. Marine Geology, 180. 71-85.

Volbers, ANA and Henrich, R (2002) Late Quaternary variations in calcium carbonate preservation of deep-sea sediments in the northern Cape Basin: results from a multiproxy approach. Marine Geology, 180(1-4). 203-220. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00214-6 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

18

Arz, HW, Pätzold, J, Müller, PJ and Moammar, MO (2003) Influence of Northern Hemisphere climate and global sea level rise on the restricted Red Sea marine environment during termination I. Paleoceanography, 18(2). 1053. doi:10.1029/2002PA000864 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Chen, L, Heslop, D, Roberts, AP, Chang, L, Zhao, X, McGregor, HV, Marino, G, Rodriguez-Sanz, L, Rohling, EJ and Pälike, H (2017) Remanence acquisition efficiency in biogenic and detrital magnetite and recording of geomagnetic paleointensity. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 18(4). 1435-1450. doi:10.1002/2016GC006753

Crosta, X, Kohfeld, KE, Bostock, HC, Chadwick, M, Du Vivier, A, Esper, O, Etourneau, J, Jones, J, Leventer, A, Müller, J, Rhodes, RH, Allen, CS, Ghadi, P, Lamping, N, Lange, CB, Lawler, KA, Lund, D, Marzocchi, A, Meissner, KJ, Menviel, L, Nair, A, Patterson, M, Pike, J, Prebble, JG, Riesselman, C, Sadatzki, H, Sime, LC, Shukla, SK, Thöle, L, Vorrath, ME, Xiao, W and Yang, J (2022) Antarctic sea ice over the past 130 000 years – Part 1: a review of what proxy records tell us. Climate of the Past, 18(8). 1729-1756. doi:10.5194/cp-18-1729-2022

Crow, BR, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2022) Dynamic boreal summer atmospheric circulation response as negative feedback to Greenland melt during the MIS-11 interglacial. Climate of the Past, 18(4). 775-792. doi:10.5194/cp-18-775-2022

De Vleeschouwer, D, Peral, M, Marchegiano, M, Füllberg, A, Meinicke, N, Pälike, H, Auer, G, Petrick, B, Snoeck, C, Goderis, S and Claeys, P (2022) Plio-Pleistocene Perth Basin water temperatures and Leeuwin Current dynamics (Indian Ocean) derived from oxygen and clumped-isotope paleothermometry. Climate of the Past, 18(5). 1231-1253. doi:10.5194/cp-18-1231-2022

De Vleeschouwer, D, Dunlea, AG, Auer, G, Anderson, CH, Brumsack, HJ, de Loach, A, Gurnis, M, Huh, Y, Ishiwa, T, Jang, K, Kominz, MA, März, C, Schnetger, B, Murray, RW and Pälike, H (2017) Quantifying K, U, and Th contents of marine sediments using shipboard natural gamma radiation spectra measured on DV JOIDES Resolution. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 18(3). 1053-1064. doi:10.1002/2016GC006715 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dupont, LM, Zhao, X, Charles, C, Faith, JT and Braun, D (2022) Continuous vegetation record of the Greater Cape Floristic Region (South Africa) covering the past 300 000 years (IODP U1479). Climate of the Past, 18(1). 1-21. doi:10.5194/cp-18-1-2022

Emeis, KC, Schulz, H, Struck, U, Rossignol-Strick, M, Erlenkeuser, H, Howell, MW, Kroon, D, Mackensen, A, Ishizuka, S, Oba, T, Sakamoto, T and Koizumi, I (2003) Eastern Mediterranean surface water temperatures and d18O composition during deposition of sapropels in the late Quaternary. Paleoceanography, 18(1). 1005. doi:10.1029/2000PA000617 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Gersonde, R, Abelmann, A, Brathauer, U, Becquey, S, Bianchi, C, Cortese, G, Grobe, H, Kuhn, G, Niebler, HS, Segl, M, Sieger, R, Zielinski, U and Fütterer, DK (2003) Last glacial sea surface temperatures and sea-ice extent in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic-Indian sector): A multiproxy approach. Paleoceanography, 18(3). 1061. doi:10.1029/2002PA000809

Giry, C, Felis, T, Scheffers, S and Fensterer, C (2010) Monthly Holocene temperature variability from Caribbean corals. PAGES news, 18(1). 49.

Grieger, B and Niebler, HS (2003) Glacial South Atlantic surface temperatures interpolated with a semi-inverse ocean model. Paleoceanography, 18(3). 1056. doi:10.1029/2002PA000773

Jonkers, L, Brummer, GJA, Meilland, J, Groeneveld, J and Kucera, M (2022) Variability in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma stable isotope ratios from isothermal conditions: implications for individual foraminifera analysis. Climate of the Past, 18(1). 89-101. doi:10.5194/cp-18-89-2022

Kim, JE, Westerhold, T, Alegret, L, Drury, AJ, Röhl, U and Griffith, EM (2022) Precessional pacing of tropical ocean carbon export during the Late Cretaceous. Climate of the Past, 18(12). 2631-2641. doi:10.5194/cp-18-2631-2022

Kurahashi-Nakamura, T, Paul, A, Merkel, U and Schulz, M (2022) Glacial state of the global carbon cycle: time-slice simulations for the last glacial maximum with an Earth-system model. Climate of the Past, 18(9). 1997-2019. doi:10.5194/cp-18-1997-2022

Meilland, J, Siccha, M, Kaffenberger, M, Bijma, J and Kucera, M (2021) Population dynamics and reproduction strategies of planktonic foraminifera in the open ocean. Biogeosciences, 18(20). 5789-5809. doi:10.5194/bg-18-5789-2021

Miksch, S, Orellana, LH, Oggerin de Orube, M, Vidal-Melgosa, S, Solanki, V, Hehemann, JH, Amann, R and Knittel, K (2024) Taxonomic and functional stability overrules seasonality in polar benthic microbiomes. The ISME Journal, 18(1). doi:10.1093/ismejo/wrad005

Niebler, HS, Arz, HW, Donner, B, Mulitza, S, Pätzold, J and Wefer, G (2003) Sea surface temperatures in the equatorial and South Atlantic Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum (23-19 ka). Paleoceanography, 18(3). 1069. doi:10.1029/2003PA000902 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Panmei, C, Divakar Naidu, P and Mohtadi, M (2017) Bay of Bengal exhibits warming trend during the Younger Dryas: Implications of AMOC. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 18(12). 4317-4325. doi:10.1002/2017GC007075

Paul, A and Schäfer-Neth, C (2003) Glacial water masses in a global ocean model. Paleoceanography, 18(3). 1058. doi:10.1029/2002PA000783

Purkiani, K, Haeckel, M, Haalboom, S, Schmidt, K, Urban, P, Gazis, IZ, de Stigter, H, Paul, A, Walter, M and Vink, A (2022) Impact of a long-lived anticyclonic mesoscale eddy on seawater anomalies in the northeastern tropical Pacific Ocean: a composite analysis from hydrographic measurements, sea level altimetry data, and reanalysis model products. Ocean Science, 18(4). 1163-1181. doi:10.5194/os-18-1163-2022

Romero, OE, Ramondenc, S and Fischer, G (2021) A 2-decade (1988–2009) record of diatom fluxes in the Mauritanian coastal upwelling: impact of low-frequency forcing and a two-step shift in the species composition. Biogeosciences, 18(5). 1873-1891. doi:10.5194/bg-18-1873-2021

Romero, OE, Mollenhauer, G, Schneider, RR and Wefer, G (2003) Oscillations of the siliceous imprint in the central Benguela Upwelling System from MIS3 through the early Holocene: the influence of the Southern Ocean. Journal of Quaternary Science, 18(8). 733-743. doi:10.1002/jqs.789 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Sarnthein, M, Gersonde, R, Niebler, HS, Pflaumann, U, Spielhagen, RF, Thiede, J, Wefer, G and Weinelt, M (2003) Overview of Glacial Atlantic Ocean Mapping (GLAMAP 2000). Paleoceanography, 18(2). 1030. doi:10.1029/2002PA000769

Schneider, B and Schlitzer, R (2004) Effects of depth- and CO2-dependent C:N ratios of particulate organic matter (POM) on the marine carbon cycle. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 18(2). doi:10.1029/2003GB002184

Shi, X, Werner, M, Krug, C, Brierley, CM, Zhao, A, Igbinosa, E, Braconnot, P, Brady, E, Cao, J, D'Agostino, R, Jungclaus, J, Liu, X, Otto-Bliesner, B, Sidorenko, D, Tomas, R, Volodin, EM, Yang, H, Zhang, Q, Zheng, W and Lohmann, G (2022) Calendar effects on surface air temperature and precipitation based on model-ensemble equilibrium and transient simulations from PMIP4 and PACMEDY. Climate of the Past, 18(5). 1047-1070. doi:10.5194/cp-18-1047-2022

Spencer-Jones, CL, McClymont, EL, Bale, NJ, Hopmans, EC, Schouten, S, Müller, J, Abrahamsen, EP, Allen, C, Bickert, T, Hillenbrand, CD, Mawbey, E, Peck, V, Svalova, A and Smith, JA (2021) Archaeal intact polar lipids in polar waters: a comparison between the Amundsen and Scotia seas. Biogeosciences, 18(11). 3485-3504. doi:10.5194/bg-18-3485-2021

Vaideanu, P, Stepanek, C, Dima, M, Schrepfer, J, Matos, F, Ionita, M and Lohmann, G (2023) Large-scale sea ice–Surface temperature variability linked to Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. PLOS ONE, 18(8). e0290437. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0290437

179

Azibeiro, LA, Kucera, M, Jonkers, L, Cloke-Hayes, A and Sierro, FJ (2023) Nutrients and hydrography explain the composition of recent Mediterranean planktonic foraminiferal assemblages. Marine Micropaleontology, 179. 102201. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2022.102201

Behling, H, Arz, HW, Pätzold, J and Wefer, G (2002) Late Quaternary vegetational and climate dynamics in southeastern Brazil, inferences from marine cores GeoB 3229-2 and GeoB 3202-1. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 179(3-4). 227-243. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00435-7

Kuhnert, H, Pätzold, J, Schnetger, B and Wefer, G (2002) Sea-surface temperature variability in the 16th century at Bermuda inferred from coral records. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 179(3-4). 159-171. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00410-2 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

178

Obert, JC, Scholz, D, Felis, T, Brocas, WM, Jochum, KP and Andreae, MO (2016) 230Th/U dating of Last Interglacial brain corals from Bonaire (southern Caribbean) using bulk and theca wall material. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 178. 20-40. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2016.01.011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Vink, A, Brune, A, Höll, C, Zonneveld, KAF and Willems, H (2002) On the response of calcareous dinoflagellates to oligotrophy and stratification of the water column in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 178(1-2). 53-66. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00368-6 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

177

Niezgodzki, I, Tyszka, J, Knorr, G and Lohmann, G (2019) Was the Arctic Ocean ice free during the latest Cretaceous? The role of CO2 and gateway configurations. Global and Planetary Change, 177. 201-212. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.03.011

Zhang, Y, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Sawakuchi, AO, Häggi, C, Zabel, M, Portilho-Ramos, RC, Schefuß, E, Crivellari, S and Wefer, G (2017) Different precipitation patterns across tropical South America during Heinrich and Dansgaard-Oeschger stadials. Quaternary Science Reviews, 177. 1-9. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.10.012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

176

Cardinal, D, Hamelin, B, Bard, E and Pätzold, J (2001) Sr/Ca, U/Ca and δ18O records in recent massive corals from Bermuda: relationships with sea surface temperature. Chemical Geology, 176(1-4). 213-233. doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(00)00396-X PANGAEA Supplementary Data

175

Berger, WH, Lange, CB and Wefer, G (2002) Upwelling history of the Benguela-Namibia system: a synthesis of Leg 175 results. In: Wefer, G, Berger, WH and Richter, C (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-103. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.175.235.2002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Brathauer, U, Abelmann, A, Gersonde, R, Niebler, HS and Fütterer, DK (2001) Calibration of Cycladophora davisiana events versus oxygen isotope stratigraphy in the subantarctic Atlantic Ocean - a stratigraphic tool for carbonate-poor Quaternary sediments. Marine Geology, 175(1-4). 167-181. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00141-4 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Richter, C, Blum, P and Röhl, U (2001) Data report: Magnetic properties and XRF-scanner data of Site 1075 (Lower Congo Basin). In: Wefer, G, Berger, WH and Richter, C (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 1-31. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.175.214.2001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Samtleben, C, Munnecke, A, Bickert, T and Pätzold, J (2001) Shell succession, assemblage and species dependent effects on the C/O-isotopic composition of brachiopods — examples from the Silurian of Gotland. Chemical Geology, 175(1-2). 61-107. doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(00)00364-8

173

Gussone, N, Filipsson, HL and Kuhnert, H (2016) Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Ca isotope ratios in benthonic foraminifers related to test structure, mineralogy and environmental controls. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 173. 142-159. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.10.018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lantzsch, H, Hanebuth, TJJ, Horry, J, Grave, M, Rebesco, M and Schwenk, T (2017) Deglacial to Holocene history of ice-sheet retreat and bottom current strength on the western Barents Sea shelf. Quaternary Science Reviews, 173. 40-57. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.08.016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Marchal, O, Jackson, C, Nilsson, J, Paul, A and Stocker, TF (2007) Buoyancy-Driven Flow and Nature of Vertical Mixing in a Zonally Averaged Model. In: Schmittner, A, Chiang, JCH and Hemming, SR (eds.) Ocean Circulation: Mechanisms and impacts. Geophysical Monograph Series, 173. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D. C., 33-52. doi:10.1029/173GM05

Smethie, WM, LeBel, DA, Fine, RA, Rhein, M and Kieke, D (2007) Strength and variability of the deep limb of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation from chlorofluorocarbon inventories. In: Schmittner, A, Chiang, J and Hemming, S (eds.) Ocean Circulation: Mechanisms and impacts. Geophysical Monograph Series, 173. American Geophysical Union, 119-130. doi:10.1029/173GM09

172

Gu, F, Zonneveld, KAF, Chiessi, CM, Arz, HW, Pätzold, J and Behling, H (2017) Long-term vegetation, climate and ocean dynamics inferred from a 73,500 years old marine sediment core (GeoB2107-3) off southern Brazil. Quaternary Science Reviews, 172. 55-71. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.06.028 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zonneveld, KAF, Versteegh, GJM and de Lange, GJ (2001) Palaeoproductivity and post-depositional aerobic organic matter decay reflected by dinoflagellate cyst assemblages of the Eastern Mediterranean S1 sapropel. Marine Geology, 172(3-4). 181-195. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(00)00134-1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

171

Elling, FJ, Könneke, M, Mußmann, M, Greve, A and Hinrichs, KU (2015) Influence of temperature, pH, and salinity on membrane lipid composition and TEX86 of marine planktonic thaumarchaeal isolates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 171. 238-255. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.09.004

Grant, KM, Rohling, EJ, Westerhold, T, Zabel, M, Heslop, D, Konijnendijk, T and Lourens, L (2017) A 3 million year index for North African humidity/aridity and the implication of potential pan-African Humid periods. Quaternary Science Reviews, 171. 100-118. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.07.005

17

Bahr, A, Doubrawa, M, Titschack, J, Austermann, G, Koutsodendris, A, Nürnberg, D, Albuquerque, ALS, Friedrich, O and Raddatz, J (2020) Monsoonal forcing of cold-water coral growth off southeastern Brazil during the past 160 kyr. Biogeosciences, 17(23). 5883-5908. doi:10.5194/bg-17-5883-2020

Börgel, F, Meier, HEM, Gröger, M, Rhein, M, Dutheil, C and Kaiser, JM (2022) Atlantic multidecadal variability and the implications for North European precipitation. Environmental Research Letters, 17(4). 044040. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac5ca1

Dolman, AM, Kunz, T, Groeneveld, J and Laepple, T (2021) A spectral approach to estimating the timescale-dependent uncertainty of paleoclimate records – Part 2: Application and interpretation. Climate of the Past, 17(2). 825-841. doi:10.5194/cp-17-825-2021

Dolven, JK, Cortese, G and Bjorklund, KR (2002) A high-resolution radiolarian-derived paleotemperature record for the Late Pleistocene-Holocene in the Norwegian Sea. Paleoceanography, 17(4). 1072. doi:10.1029/2002PA000780 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Drury, AJ, Liebrand, D, Westerhold, T, Beddow, HM, Hodell, DA, Rohlfs, N, Wilkens, RH, Lyle, M, Bell, DB, Kroon, D, Pälike, H and Lourens, LJ (2021) Climate, cryosphere and carbon cycle controls on Southeast Atlantic orbital-scale carbonate deposition since the Oligocene (30–0 Ma). Climate of the Past, 17(5). 2091-2117. doi:10.5194/cp-17-2091-2021

Drury, AJ and John, CM (2016) Exploring the potential of clumped isotope thermometry on coccolith-rich sediments as a sea surface temperature proxy. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 17(10). 4092-4104. doi:10.1002/2016GC006459 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dubois-Dauphin, Q, Bonneau, L, Colin, C, Montero-Serrano, JC, Montagna, P, Blamart, D, Hebbeln, D, Van Rooij, D, Pons-Branchu, E, Hemsing, F, Wefing, AM and Frank, N (2016) South Atlantic intermediate water advances into the North-east Atlantic with reduced Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the last glacial period. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 17(6). 2336-2353. doi:10.1002/2016GC006281

Dummann, W, Steinig, S, Hofmann, P, Lenz, M, Kusch, S, Flögel, S, Herrle, JO, Hallmann, C, Rethemeyer, J, Kasper, HU and Wagner, T (2021) Driving mechanisms of organic carbon burial in the Early Cretaceous South Atlantic Cape Basin (DSDP Site 361). Climate of the Past, 17(1). 469-490. doi:10.5194/cp-17-469-2021

Frank, M, Whiteley, N, Kasten, S, Hein, JR and O'Nions, RK (2002) North Atlantic Deep Water export to the Southern Ocean over the past 14 Myr: Evidence from Nd and Pb isotopes in ferromanganese crusts. Paleoceanography, 17(2). 1022. doi:10.1029/2000PA000606 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Friese, CA, van Hateren, JA, Vogt, C, Fischer, G and Stuut, JBW (2017) Seasonal provenance changes in present-day Saharan dust collected in and off Mauritania. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17(16). 10163-10193. doi:10.5194/acp-17-10163-2017

Hahn, A, Schefuß, E, Groeneveld, J, Miller, C and Zabel, M (2021) Glacial to interglacial climate variability in the southeastern African subtropics (25–20° S). Climate of the Past, 17(1). 345-360. doi:10.5194/cp-17-345-2021

Hendry, K, Romero, O and Pashley, V (2021) Nutrient utilization and diatom productivity changes in the low-latitude south-eastern Atlantic over the past 70 ka: response to Southern Ocean leakage. Climate of the Past, 17(2). 603-614. doi:10.5194/cp-17-603-2021

Hirsch, N, Zuhr, A, Münch, T, Hörhold, M, Freitag, J, Dallmayr, R and Laepple, T (2023) Stratigraphic noise and its potential drivers across the plateau of Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. The Cryosphere, 17(10). 4207-4221. doi:10.5194/tc-17-4207-2023

Johnstone, HJH, Steinke, S, Kuhnert, H, Bickert, T, Pälike, H and Mohtadi, M (2016) Automated cleaning of foraminifera shells before Mg/Ca analysis using a pipette robot. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 17(8). 3502-3511. doi:10.1002/2016GC006422

Jonkers, L, Bothe, O and Kucera, M (2021) Preface: Advances in paleoclimate data synthesis and analysis of associated uncertainty: towards data–model integration to understand the climate. Climate of the Past, 17(6). 2577-2581. doi:10.5194/cp-17-2577-2021

Kageyama, M, Harrison, SP, Kapsch, ML, Lofverstrom, M, Lora, JM, Mikolajewicz, U, Sherriff-Tadano, S, Vadsaria, T, Abe-Ouchi, A, Bouttes, N, Chandan, D, Gregoire, LJ, Ivanovic, RF, Izumi, K, LeGrande, AN, Lhardy, F, Lohmann, G, Morozova, PA, Ohgaito, R, Paul, A, Peltier, WR, Poulsen, CJ, Quiquet, A, Roche, DM, Shi, X, Tierney, JE, Valdes, PJ, Volodin, E and Zhu, J (2021) The PMIP4 Last Glacial Maximum experiments: preliminary results and comparison with the PMIP3 simulations. Climate of the Past, 17(3). 1065-1089. doi:10.5194/cp-17-1065-2021

Kageyama, M, Sime, LC, Sicard, M, Guarino, MV, de Vernal, A, Stein, R, Schroeder, D, Malmierca-Vallet, I, Abe-Ouchi, A, Bitz, C, Braconnot, P, Brady, EC, Cao, J, Chamberlain, MA, Feltham, D, Guo, C, LeGrande, AN, Lohmann, G, Meissner, KJ, Menviel, L, Morozova, P, Nisancioglu, KH, Otto-Bliesner, BL, O'ishi, R, Ramos Buarque, S, Salas y Melia, D, Sherriff-Tadano, S, Stroeve, J, Shi, X, Sun, B, Tomas, RA, Volodin, E, Yeung, NKH, Zhang, Q, Zhang, Z, Zheng, W and Ziehn, T (2021) A multi-model CMIP6-PMIP4 study of Arctic sea ice at 127 ka: sea ice data compilation and model differences. Climate of the Past, 17(1). 37-62. doi:10.5194/cp-17-37-2021

Krebs-Kanzow, U, Rodehacke, CB and Lohmann, G (2023) Brief communication: surface energy balance differences over Greenland between ERA5 and ERA-Interim. The Cryosphere, 17(12). 5131-5136. doi:10.5194/tc-17-5131-2023

Lamping, N, Müller, J, Hefter, J, Mollenhauer, G, Haas, C, Shi, X, Vorrath, ME, Lohmann, G and Hillenbrand, CD (2021) Evaluation of lipid biomarkers as proxies for sea ice and ocean temperatures along the Antarctic continental margin. Climate of the Past, 17(5). 2305-2326. doi:10.5194/cp-17-2305-2021

Lamy, F, Rühlemann, C, Hebbeln, D and Wefer, G (2002) High- and low-latitude climate control on the position of the southern Peru-Chile Current during the Holocene. Paleoceanography, 17(2). 1028. doi:10.1029/2001PA000727 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lessa, D, Morard, R, Jonkers, L, Venancio, IM, Reuter, R, Baumeister, A, Albuquerque, AL and Kucera, M (2020) Distribution of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical South Atlantic: depth hierarchy of controlling factors. Biogeosciences, 17(16). 4313-4342. doi:10.5194/bg-17-4313-2020

Münch, T, Werner, M and Laepple, T (2021) How precipitation intermittency sets an optimal sampling distance for temperature reconstructions from Antarctic ice cores. Climate of the Past, 17(4). 1587-1605. doi:10.5194/cp-17-1587-2021

Paul, A, Mulitza, S, Stein, R and Werner, M (2021) A global climatology of the ocean surface during the Last Glacial Maximum mapped on a regular grid (GLOMAP). Climate of the Past, 17(2). 805-824. doi:10.5194/cp-17-805-2021

Purkiani, K, Paul, A, Vink, A, Walter, M, Schulz, M and Haeckel, M (2020) Evidence of eddy-related deep-ocean current variability in the northeast tropical Pacific Ocean induced by remote gap winds. Biogeosciences, 17(24). 6527-6544. doi:10.5194/bg-17-6527-2020

Raitzsch, M, Bijma, J, Bickert, T, Schulz, M, Holbourn, A and Kučera, M (2021) Atmospheric carbon dioxide variations across the middle Miocene climate transition. Climate of the Past, 17(2). 703-719. doi:10.5194/cp-17-703-2021

Schrod, J, Weber, D, Drücke, J, Keleshis, C, Pikridas, M, Ebert, M, Cvetković, B, Nickovic, S, Marinou, E, Baars, H, Ansmann, A, Vrekoussis, M, Mihalopoulos, N, Sciare, J, Curtius, J and Bingemer, HG (2017) Ice nucleating particles over the Eastern Mediterranean measured by unmanned aircraft systems. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17(7). 4817-4835. doi:10.5194/acp-17-4817-2017

Shao, J, Stott, LD, Menviel, L, Ridgwell, A, Ödalen, M and Mohtadi, M (2021) The atmospheric bridge communicated the delta C-13 decline during the last deglaciation to the global upper ocean. Climate of the Past, 17(4). 1507-1521. doi:10.5194/cp-17-1507-2021

Stadelmaier, KH, Ludwig, P, Bertran, P, Antoine, P, Shi, X, Lohmann, G and Pinto, JG (2021) A new perspective on permafrost boundaries in France during the Last Glacial Maximum. Climate of the Past, 17(6). 2559-2576. doi:10.5194/cp-17-2559-2021

Wei, B, Jia, G, Hefter, J, Kang, M, Park, E, Wang, S and Mollenhauer, G (2020) Comparison of the U-37(K'), LDI, TEX86H, and RI-OH temperature proxies in sediments from the northern shelf of the South China Sea. Biogeosciences, 17(17). 4489-4508. doi:10.5194/bg-17-4489-2020

Weltje, GJ, Bloemsma, MR, Tjallingii, R, Heslop, D, Röhl, U and Croudace, IW (2015) Prediction of geochemical composition from XRF core scanner data: A new multivariate approach including automatic selection of calibration samples and quantification of uncertainties. In: Croudace, IW and Rothwell, RG (eds.) Micro-XRF Studies of Sediment Cores. Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research, 17. Springer, 507-534. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9849-5_21

165

Zhao, X, Dupont, L, Schefuß, E, Bouimetarhan, I and Wefer, G (2017) Palynological evidence for Holocene climatic and oceanographic changes off western South Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews, 165. 88-101. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.022 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

164

Jackson, R, Carlson, AE, Hillaire-Marcel, C, Wacker, L, Vogt, C and Kucera, M (2017) Asynchronous instability of the North American-Arctic and Greenland ice sheets during the last deglaciation. Quaternary Science Reviews, 164. 140-153. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.03.020 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kilian, R, Lamy, F and Arz, H (2013) Late Quaternary variations of the southern westerly wind belt and its influences on aquatic ecosystems and glacier extend within the southernmost Andes. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften, 164(2). 279-294. doi:10.1127/1860-1804/2013/0027

163

Wündsch, M, Haberzettl, T, Cawthra, HC, Kirsten, KL, Quick, LJ, Zabel, M, Frenzel, P, Hahn, A, Baade, J, Daut, G, Kasper, T, Meadows, ME and Mäusbacher, R (2018) Holocene environmental change along the southern Cape coast of South Africa – Insights from the Eilandvlei sediment record spanning the last 8.9 kyr. Global and Planetary Change, 163. 51-66. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.02.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

162

Buchwitz, M, Reuter, M, Schneising, O, Boesch, H, Guerlet, S, Dils, B, Aben, I, Armante, R, Bergamaschi, P, Blumenstock, T, Bovensmann, H, Brunner, D, Buchmann, B, Burrows, JP, Butz, A, Chédin, A, Chevallier, F, Crevoisier, CD, Deutscher, NM, Frankenberg, C, Hase, F, Hasekamp, OP, Heymann, J, Kaminski, T, Laeng, A, Lichtenberg, G, De Mazière, M, Noël, S, Notholt, J, Orphal, J, Popp, C, Parker, R, Scholze, M, Sussmann, R, Stiller, GP, Warneke, T, Zehner, C, Bril, A, Crisp, D, Griffith, DWT, Kuze, A, O'Dell, C, Oshchepkov, S, Sherlock, V, Suto, H, Wennberg, P, Wunch, D, Yokota, T and Yoshida, Y (2015) The Greenhouse Gas Climate Change Initiative (GHG-CCI): Comparison and quality assessment of near-surface-sensitive satellite-derived CO2 and CH4 global data sets. Remote Sensing of Environment, 162. 344-362. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.04.024

de Leeuw, G, Holzer-Popp, T, Bevan, S, Davies, WH, Descloitres, J, Grainger, RG, Griesfeller, J, Heckel, A, Kinne, S, Klüser, L, Kolmonen, P, Litvinov, P, Martynenko, D, North, P, Ovigneur, B, Pascal, N, Poulsen, C, Ramon, D, Schulz, M, Siddans, R, Sogacheva, L, Tanré, D, Thomas, GE, Virtanen, TH, von Hoyningen Huene, W, Vountas, M and Pinnock, S (2015) Evaluation of seven European aerosol optical depth retrieval algorithms for climate analysis. Remote Sensing of Environment, 162. 295-315. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.04.023

161

Behling, H, Dupont, LM, Safford, HDF and Wefer, G (2007) Late Quaternary vegetation and climate dynamics in the Serra da Bocaina, southeastern Brazil. Quaternary International, 161(1). 22-31. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2006.10.021

Kaiser, J, Lamy, F, Arz, HW and Hebbeln, D (2007) Dynamics of the millennial-scale sea surface temperature and Patagonian Ice Sheet fluctuations in southern Chile during the last 70 kyr (ODP Site 1233). Special Issue: High-Resolution Archives of Climatic and Environmental Variability Across Latin-America, Quaternary International, 161(1). 77-89. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2006.10.024

160

Lembke-Jene, L, Tiedemann, R, Nürnberg, D, Kokfelt, U, Kozdon, R, Max, L, Röhl, U and Gorbarenko, SA (2017) Deglacial variability in Okhotsk Sea Intermediate Water ventilation and biogeochemistry: Implications for North Pacific nutrient supply and productivity. Quaternary Science Reviews, 160. 116-137. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.01.016

16

Bakker, P, Rogozhina, I, Merkel, U and Prange, M (2020) Hypersensitivity of glacial summer temperatures in Siberia. Climate of the Past, 16(1). 371-386. doi:10.5194/cp-16-371-2020

Behling, H (2007) Late Quaternary vegetation, fire and climate dynamics of Serra Aracatuba in the Atlantic coastal mountains of Parana State, southern Brazil. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 16. 77-85. doi:10.1007/s00334-006-0078-2

Bender, M, Mann, T, Stocchi, P, Kneer, D, Schöne, T, Illigner, J, Jompa, J and Rovere, A (2020) Late Holocene (0–6 ka) sea-level changes in the Makassar Strait, Indonesia. Climate of the Past, 16(4). 1187-1205. doi:10.5194/cp-16-1187-2020

Brückner, S and Mackensen, A (2006) Deep-water renewal in the Skagerrak during the last 1200 years triggered by the North Atlantic Oscillation: evidence from benthic foraminiferal d18O. The Holocene, 16(3). 331-340. doi:10.1191/0959683605hl931rp PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Casado, M, Münch, T and Laepple, T (2020) Climatic information archived in ice cores: impact of intermittency and diffusion on the recorded isotopic signal in Antarctica. Climate of the Past, 16(4). 1581-1598. doi:10.5194/cp-16-1581-2020

Cavaleiro, C, Voelker, AHL, Stoll, H, Baumann, KH and Kucera, M (2020) Coccolithophore productivity at the western Iberian Margin during the Middle Pleistocene (310–455 ka) – evidence from coccolith Sr∕Ca data. Climate of the Past, 16(6). 2017-2037. doi:10.5194/cp-16-2017-2020

Clyde, WC, Gingerich, PD, Wing, SL, Röhl, U, Westerhold, T, Bowen, G, Johnson, K, Baczynski, AA, Diefendorf, A, McInerney, F, Schnurrenberger, D, Noren, A and Brady, K (2013) Bighorn Basin Coring Project (BBCP): a continental perspective on early Paleogene hyperthermals. Scientific Drilling, 16. 21-31. doi:10.5194/sd-16-21-2013

Dupont, LM, Behling, H, Jahns, S, Marret, F and Kim, JH (2007) Variability in glacial and Holocene marine pollen records offshore from west southern Africa. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 16. 87-100. doi:10.1007/s00334-006-0080-8 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dupont, LM, Schlütz, F, Teboh Ewah, C, Jennerjahn, TC, Paul, A and Behling, H (2010) Two-step vegetation response to enhanced precipitation in Northeast Brazil during Heinrich event 1. Global Change Biology, 16(6). 1647-1660. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02023.x PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Epplé, VM, Brey, T, Witbaard, R, Kuhnert, H and Pätzold, J (2006) Sclerochronological records of Arctica islandica from the inner German Bight. The Holocene, 16(5). 763-769. doi:10.1191/0959683606hl970rr PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Greco, M, Jonkers, L, Kretschmer, K, Bijma, J and Kucera, M (2019) Depth habitat of the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma in the northern high latitudes explained by sea-ice and chlorophyll concentrations. Biogeosciences, 16(17). 3425-3437. doi:10.5194/bg-16-3425-2019

Haberle, SG, Behling, H, Dupont, LM and Kirleis, W (2010) Introduction: Tropical palaeoecology and global change. Global Change Biology, 16(6). 1645-1646. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02231.x

Hebbeln, D, Knudsen, KL, Gyllencreutz, R, Kristensen, P, Klitgaard-Kristensen, D, Backman, J, Scheurle, C, Jiang, H, Gil, IM, Smelror, M, Jones, PD and Sejrup, HP (2006) Late Holocene coastal hydrographic and climate changes in the eastern North Sea. The Holocene, 16(7). 987-1001. doi:10.1177/0959683606hl989rp

Hinck, S, Gowan, EJ, Zhang, X and Lohmann, G (2022) PISM-LakeCC: Implementing an adaptive proglacial lake boundary in an ice sheet model. The Cryosphere, 16(3). 941-965. doi:10.5194/tc-16-941-2022

Ionita, M, Dima, M, Lohmann, G, Scholz, P and Rimbu, N (2015) Predicting the June 2013 European flooding based on precipitation, soil moisture, and sea level pressure. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 16(2). 598-614. doi:10.1175/JHM-D-14-0156.1

Jonkers, L, Laepple, T, Rillo, MC, Shi, X, Dolman, AM, Lohmann, G, Paul, A, Mix, A and Kucera, M (2023) Strong temperature gradients in the ice age North Atlantic Ocean revealed by plankton biogeography. Nature Geoscience, 16(12). 1114-1119. doi:10.1038/s41561-023-01328-7

Kunz, T, Dolman, AM and Laepple, T (2020) A spectral approach to estimating the timescale-dependent uncertainty of paleoclimate records – Part 1: Theoretical concept. Climate of the Past, 16(4). 1469-1492. doi:10.5194/cp-16-1469-2020

Laepple, T, Ziegler, E, Weitzel, N, Hébert, R, Ellerhoff, B, Schoch, P, Martrat, B, Bothe, O, Moreno-Chamarro, E, Chevalier, M, Herbert, A and Rehfeld, K (2023) Regional but not global temperature variability underestimated by climate models at supradecadal timescales. Nature Geoscience, 16(11). 958-966. doi:10.1038/s41561-023-01299-9

MacLeod, KG, Huber, BT, Pletsch, T, Röhl, U and Kucera, M (2001) Maastrichtian foraminiferal and paleoceanographic changes on Milankovitch time scales. Paleoceanography, 16(2). 133-154. doi:10.1029/2000PA000514 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Mackensen, A (2004) Changing Southern Ocean palaeocirculation and effects on global climate. Antarctic Science, 16(4). 369-386. doi:10.1017/S0954102004002202

McClymont, EL, Ford, HL, Ho, SL, Tindall, JC, Haywood, AM, Alonso-Garcia, M, Bailey, I, Berke, MA, Littler, K, Patterson, MO, Petrick, B, Peterse, F, Ravelo, AC, Risebrobakken, B, De Schepper, S, Swann, GEA, Thirumalai, K, Tierney, JE, van der Weijst, C, White, S, Abe-Ouchi, A, Baatsen, MLJ, Brady, EC, Chan, WL, Chandan, D, Feng, R, Guo, C, von der Heydt, AS, Hunter, S, Li, X, Lohmann, G, Nisancioglu, KH, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Peltier, WR, Stepanek, C and Zhang, Z (2020) Lessons from a high-CO2 world: an ocean view from ∼ 3 million years ago. Climate of the Past, 16(4). 1599-1615. doi:10.5194/cp-16-1599-2020

Meusel, H, Kuhn, U, Reiffs, A, Mallik, C, Harder, H, Martinez, M, Schuladen, J, Bohn, B, Parchatka, U, Crowley, JN, Fischer, H, Tomsche, L, Novelli, A, Hoffmann, T, Janssen, RHH, Hartogensis, O, Pikridas, M, Vrekoussis, M, Bourtsoukidis, E, Weber, B, Lelieveld, J, Williams, J, Pöschl, U, Cheng, Y and Su, H (2016) Daytime formation of nitrous acid at a coastal remote site in Cyprus indicating a common ground source of atmospheric HONO and NO. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 16(22). 14475-14493. doi:10.5194/acp-16-14475-2016

Rimbu, N, Felis, T, Lohmann, G and Pätzold, J (2006) Winter and summer climate patterns in the European-Middle East during recent centuries as documented in a northern Red Sea coral record. The Holocene, 16(3). 321-330. doi:10.1191/0959683606hl930rp

Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G, Felis, T and Pätzold, J (2003) Shift in ENSO teleconnections recorded by a northern Red Sea coral. Journal of Climate, 16. 1414-1422. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2003)16<1414:SIETRB>2.0.CO;2

Saavedra-Pellitero, M, Baumann, KH, Fuertes, MÁ, Schulz, H, Marcon, Y, Vollmar, NM, Flores, JA and Lamy, F (2019) Calcification and latitudinal distribution of extant coccolithophores across the Drake Passage during late austral summer 2016. Biogeosciences, 16(19). 3679-3702. doi:10.5194/bg-16-3679-2019

Samakinwa, E, Stepanek, C and Lohmann, G (2020) Sensitivity of mid-Pliocene climate to changes in orbital forcing and PlioMIP's boundary conditions. Climate of the Past, 16(4). 1643-1665. doi:10.5194/cp-16-1643-2020

Shi, X, Cauquoin, A, Lohmann, G, Jonkers, L, Wang, Q, Yang, H, Sun, Y and Werner, M (2023) Simulated stable water isotopes during the mid-Holocene and pre-industrial periods using AWI-ESM-2.1-wiso. Geoscientific Model Development, 16(17). 5153-5178. doi:10.5194/gmd-16-5153-2023

Siriwardane-de Zoysa, R, Schöne, T, Herbeck, J, Illigner, J, Haghighi, M, Simarmata, H, Porio, E, Rovere, A and Hornidge, AK (2021) The ‘wickedness’ of governing land subsidence: Policy perspectives from urban Southeast Asia. PLOS ONE, 16(6). e0250208. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0250208

Stepanek, C, Samakinwa, E, Knorr, G and Lohmann, G (2020) Contribution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–vegetation model COSMOS to the PlioMIP2. Climate of the Past, 16(6). 2275-2323. doi:10.5194/cp-16-2275-2020

Sánchez-Montes, ML, McClymont, EL, Lloyd, JM, Müller, J, Cowan, EA and Zorzi, C (2020) Late Pliocene Cordilleran Ice Sheet development with warm northeast Pacific sea surface temperatures. Climate of the Past, 16(1). 299-313. doi:10.5194/cp-16-299-2020

Takagi, H, Kimoto, K, Fujiki, T, Saito, H, Schmidt, C, Kucera, M and Moriya, K (2019) Characterizing photosymbiosis in modern planktonic foraminifera. Biogeosciences, 16(17). 3377-3396. doi:10.5194/bg-16-3377-2019

Timmermann, A, Gildor, H, Schulz, M and Tziperman, E (2003) Coherent resonant millennial-scale climate oscillations triggered by massive meltwater pulses. Journal of Climate, 16(15). 2569-2585. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<2569:CRMCOT>2.0.CO;2

Vink, A, Rühlemann, C, Zonneveld, KAF, Mulitza, S, Hüls, M and Willems, H (2001) Shifts in the Position of the North Equatorial Current and Rapid Productivity Changes in the western Tropical Atlantic during the Last Glacial. Paleoceanography, 16(5). 479-490. doi:10.1029/2000PA000582 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Vorrath, ME, Müller, J, Rebolledo, L, Cárdenas, P, Shi, X, Esper, O, Opel, T, Geibert, W, Muñoz, P, Haas, C, Kuhn, G, Lange, CB, Lohmann, G and Mollenhauer, G (2020) Sea ice dynamics in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Peninsula, during the past 240 years: a multi-proxy intercomparison study. Climate of the Past, 16(6). 2459-2483. doi:10.5194/cp-16-2459-2020

Vorrath, ME, Müller, J, Esper, O, Mollenhauer, G, Haas, C, Schefuß, E and Fahl, K (2019) Highly branched isoprenoids for Southern Ocean sea ice reconstructions: a pilot study from the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Biogeosciences, 16(15). 2961-2981. doi:10.5194/bg-16-2961-2019

Wang, S, Gong, X, Qiao, F, Gowan, EJ, Streffing, J and Lohmann, G (2021) The impact of non-breaking surface waves in upper-ocean temperature simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum. Environmental Research Letters, 16(3). 034008. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/abe14e

Wollenburg, JE, Kuhnt, W and Mackensen, A (2001) Changes in Arctic Ocean paleoproductivity and hydrography during the last 145 kyr: the benthic foraminiferal record. Paleoceanography, 16(1). 65-77. doi:10.1029/1999PA000454 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zimmermann, HH, Stoof-Leichsenring, KR, Kruse, S, Müller, J, Stein, R, Tiedemann, R and Herzschuh, U (2020) Changes in the composition of marine and sea-ice diatoms derived from sedimentary ancient DNA of the eastern Fram Strait over the past 30 000 years. Ocean Science, 16(5). 1017-1032. doi:10.5194/os-16-1017-2020

159

Hohmann, S, Kucera, M and de Vernal, A (2020) Identifying the signature of sea-surface properties in dinocyst assemblages: Implications for quantitative palaeoceanographical reconstructions by transfer functions and analogue techniques. Marine Micropaleontology, 159. 101816. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2019.101816

Holzwarth, U, Esper, O and Zonneveld, KAF (2010) Organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts as indicators of oceanographic conditions and terrigenous input in the NW African upwelling region. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 159(1-2). 35-55. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2009.10.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Romero, OE and Fischer, G (2017) Shift in the species composition of the diatom community in the eutrophic Mauritanian coastal upwelling: Results from a multi-year sediment trap experiment (2003–2010). Progress in Oceanography, 159. 31-44. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2017.09.010

Rovere, A, Raymo, ME, Vacchi, M, Lorscheid, T, Stocchi, P, Gómez-Pujol, L, Harris, DL, Casella, E, O'Leary, MJ and Hearty, PJ (2016) The analysis of Last Interglacial (MIS 5e) relative sea-level indicators: Reconstructing sea-level in a warmer world. Earth-Science Reviews, 159. 404-427. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.06.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

158

Fraile, I, Arrizabalaga, H, Groeneveld, J, Kölling, M, Santos, MN, Macías, D, Addis, P, Dettman, DL, Karakulak, S, Deguara, S and Rooker, JR (2016) The imprint of anthropogenic CO2 emissions on Atlantic bluefin tuna otoliths. Journal of Marine Systems, 158. 26-33. doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2015.12.012

Lohmann, G, Lorenz, S and Prange, M (2005) Northern high-latitude climate changes during the Holocene as simulated by circulation models. In: Drange, H, Dokken, T, Furevik, T, Gerdes, R and Berger, WH (eds.) The Nordic Seas: An Integrated Perspective Oceanography, Climatology, Biogeochemistry, and Modeling. Geophysical Monograph, 158. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D. C., 273-288. doi:10.1029/GM158

Saavedra-Pellitero, M, Baumann, KH, Ullermann, J and Lamy, F (2017) Marine Isotope Stage 11 in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean; a coccolithophore perspective. Quaternary Science Reviews, 158. 1-14. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.12.020 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

157

Mertens, KN, Amorim, A, Chitolie, J, Deaf, AS, De Schepper, S, de Vernal, A and et al (2009) Determining the absolute abundance of dinoflagellate cysts in recent marine sediments: The Lycopodium marker-grain method put to the test. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 157(3-4). 238-252. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2009.05.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

156

Evans, HF, Westerhold, T and Channell, JET (2004) ODP Site 1092: revised composite depth section has implications for Upper Miocene 'cryptochrons'. Geophysical Journal International, 156(2). 195-199. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2003.02189.x

155

Dupont, LM and Kuhlmann, H (2017) Glacial-interglacial vegetation change in the Zambezi catchment. Quaternary Science Reviews, 155. 127-135. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.11.019 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Vacchi, M, Marriner, N, Morhange, C, Spada, G, Fontana, A and Rovere, A (2016) Multiproxy assessment of Holocene relative sea-level changes in the western Mediterranean: Sea-level variability and improvements in the definition of the isostatic signal. Earth-Science Reviews, 155. 172-197. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.02.002

154

Slabon, P, Dorschel, B, Jokat, W, Myklebust, R, Hebbeln, D and Gebhardt, C (2016) Greenland ice sheet retreat history in the northeast Baffin Bay based on high-resolution bathymetry. Quaternary Science Reviews, 154. 182-198. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.10.022

153

Blomdin, R, Stroeven, AP, Harbor, JM, Lifton, NA, Heymann, J, Gribenski, N, Petrakov, DA, Caffee, MW, Ivanov, MN, Hättestrand, C, Rogozhina, I and Usubaliev, R (2016) Evaluating the timing of former glacier expansions in the Tian Shan: A key step towards robust spatial correlations. Quaternary Science Reviews, 153. 78-96. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.07.029

Häggi, C, Pätzold, J, Bouillon, S and Schefuß, E (2021) Impact of selective degradation on molecular isotope compositions in oxic and anoxic marine sediments. Organic Geochemistry, 153. 104192. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2021.104192

152

Kodrans-Nsiah, M, de Lange, GJ and Zonneveld, KAF (2008) A natural exposure experiment on short-term species-selective aerobic degradation of dinoflagellate cysts. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 152(1-2). 32-39. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2008.04.002

151

Röhl, U, Brinkhuis, H, Stickley, CE, Fuller, MD, Schellenberg, SA, Wefer, G and Wiliams, GL (2004) Sea Level and astronomically induced environmental changes in middle and late Eocene sediments from the East Tasman Plateau. In: Exon, NF, Kennett, JP and Malone, M (eds.) The Cenozoic Southern Ocean: Tectonics, Sedimentation, and Climate Change Between Australia and Antarctica. Geophysical Monograph Series, 151. American Geophysical Union (AGU), 127-151. ISBN 9780875904160 doi:10.1029/151GM09 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

150

Bagherpour, B, Nkemata, AF, Vaziri–Moghaddam, H, Blattmann, TM and Mohtadi, M (2023) Paleoenvironmental significance of the carbon isotope record across the Cenomanian–Turonian transition and the Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) in the southeastern Neotethys, Zagros, Iran. Cretaceous Research, 150. 105574. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105574

15

Badger, MPS, Chalk, TB, Foster, GL, Bown, PR, Gibbs, SJ, Sexton, PF, Schmidt, DN, Pälike, H, Mackensen, A and Pancost, RD (2019) Insensitivity of alkenone carbon isotopes to atmospheric CO2 at low to moderate CO2 levels. Climate of the Past, 15(2). 539-554. doi:10.5194/cp-15-539-2019 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Bahr, A, Jiménez-Espejo, FJ, Kolasinac, N, Grunert, P, Hernández-Molina, FJ, Röhl, U, Voelker, AHL, Escutia, C, Stow, DAV, Hodell, DA and Alvarez-Zarikian, CA (2014) Deciphering bottom current velocity and paleoclimate signals from contourite deposits in the Gulf of Cádiz during the last 140 kyr: An inorganic geochemical approach. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 15. doi:10.1002/2014GC005356 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Corella, JP, Maffezzoli, N, Cuevas, CA, Vallelonga, P, Spolaor, A, Cozzi, G, Müller, J, Vinther, BM, Barbante, C, Kjær, HA, Edwards, R and Saiz-Lopez, A (2019) Holocene atmospheric iodine evolution over the North Atlantic. Climate of the Past, 15(6). 2019-2030. doi:10.5194/cp-15-2019-2019

Dupont, LM, Caley, T and Castañeda, IS (2019) Effects of atmospheric CO2 variability of the past 800 kyr on the biomes of southeast Africa. Climate of the Past, 15(3). 1083-1097. doi:10.5194/cp-15-1083-2019

Foerster, V, Asrat, A, Bronk Ramsey, C, Brown, ET, Chapot, MS, Deino, A, Duesing, W, Grove, M, Hahn, A, Junginger, A, Kaboth-Bahr, S, Lane, CS, Opitz, S, Noren, A, Roberts, HM, Stockhecke, M, Tiedemann, R, Vidal, CM, Vogelsang, R, Cohen, AS, Lamb, HF, Schaebitz, F and Trauth, MH (2022) Pleistocene climate variability in eastern Africa influenced hominin evolution. Nature Geoscience, 15(10). 805-811. doi:10.1038/s41561-022-01032-y

Green, AN, Cooper, JAG, Loureiro, C, Dixon, S, Hahn, A and Zabel, M (2022) Stormier mid-Holocene southwest Indian Ocean due to poleward trending tropical cyclones. Nature Geoscience, 15(1). 60-66. doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00842-w

Heuzé, C, Huhn, O, Walter, M, Sukhikh, N, Karam, S, Körtke, W, Vredenborg, M, Bulsiewicz, K, Sültenfuß, J, Fang, YC, Mertens, C, Rabe, B, Tippenhauer, S, Allerholt, J, He, H, Kuhlmey, D, Kuznetsov, I and Mallet, M (2023) A year of transient tracers (chlorofluorocarbon 12 and sulfur hexafluoride), noble gases (helium and neon), and tritium in the Arctic Ocean from the MOSAiC expedition (2019–2020). Earth System Science Data, 15(12). 5517-5534. doi:10.5194/essd-15-5517-2023

Hébert, R, Herzschuh, U and Laepple, T (2022) Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations. Nature Geoscience, 15(11). 899-905. doi:10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4

Johnstone, HJH, Kiefer, T, Elderfield, H and Schulz, M (2014) Calcite saturation, foraminiferal test mass, and Mg/Ca-based temperatures dissolution corrected using XDX-A 150 ka record from the western Indian Ocean. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 15(3). 781-797. doi:10.1002/2013GC004994 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Jonkers, L and Kučera, M (2019) Sensitivity to species selection indicates the effect of nuisance variables on marine microfossil transfer functions. Climate of the Past, 15(3). 881-891. doi:10.5194/cp-15-881-2019

Krebs-Kanzow, U, Gierz, P, Rodehacke, CB, Xu, S, Yang, H and Lohmann, G (2021) The diurnal Energy Balance Model (dEBM): a convenient surface mass balance solution for ice sheets in Earth system modeling. The Cryosphere, 15(5). 2295-2313. doi:10.5194/tc-15-2295-2021

Kretschmer, K, Jonkers, L, Kucera, M and Schulz, M (2018) Modeling seasonal and vertical habitats of planktonic foraminifera on a global scale. Biogeosciences, 15(14). 4405-4429. doi:10.5194/bg-15-4405-2018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Langner, M and Mulitza, S (2019) Technical note: PaleoDataView - a software toolbox for the collection, homogenization and visualization of marine proxy data. Climate of the Past, 15(6). 2067-2072. doi:10.5194/cp-15-2067-2019

Liebrand, D and de Bakker, ATM (2019) Bispectra of climate cycles show how ice ages are fuelled. Climate of the Past, 15(6). 1959-1983. doi:10.5194/cp-15-1959-2019

Liu, Y, Paris, JD, Vrekoussis, M, Antoniou, P, Constantinides, C, Desservettaz, M, Keleshis, C, Laurent, O, Leonidou, A, Philippon, C, Vouterakos, P, Quéhé, PY, Bousquet, P and Sciare, J (2022) Improvements of a low-cost CO 2 commercial nondispersive near-infrared (NDIR) sensor for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) atmospheric mapping applications. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 15(15). 4431-4442. doi:10.5194/amt-15-4431-2022

Ludwigsen, CB, Andersen, OB, Marzeion, B, Malles, JH, Müller Schmied, H, Döll, P, Watson, C and King, MA (2024) Global and regional ocean mass budget closure since 2003. Nature Communications, 15(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-024-45726-w

Lyle, M, Drury, AJ, Tian, J, Wilkens, R and Westerhold, T (2019) Late Miocene to Holocene high-resolution eastern equatorial Pacific carbonate records: stratigraphy linked by dissolution and paleoproductivity. Climate of the Past, 15(5). 1715-1739. doi:10.5194/cp-15-1715-2019

Malles, JH and Marzeion, B (2021) Twentieth century global glacier mass change: an ensemble-based model reconstruction. The Cryosphere, 15(7). 3135-3157. doi:10.5194/tc-15-3135-2021

Mas e Braga, M, Bernales, J, Prange, M, Stroeven, AP and Rogozhina, I (2021) Sensitivity of the Antarctic ice sheets to the warming of marine isotope substage 11c. The Cryosphere, 15(1). 459-478. doi:10.5194/tc-15-459-2021

Miller, C, Finch, J, Hill, T, Peterse, F, Humphries, M, Zabel, M and Schefuß, E (2019) Late Quaternary climate variability at Mfabeni peatland, eastern South Africa. Climate of the Past, 15(3). 1153-1170. doi:10.5194/cp-15-1153-2019

Morard, R, Darling, KF, Mahé, F, Audic, S, Ujiié, Y, Weiner, AKM, André, A, Seears, HA, Wade, CM, Quillévéré, F, Douady, CJ, Escarguel, G, de Garidel-Thoron, T, Siccha, M, Kucera, M and de Vargas, C (2015) PFR2: a curated database of planktonic foraminifera 18S ribosomal DNA as a resource for studies of plankton ecology, biogeography and evolution. Molecular Ecology Resources, 15(6). 1472-1485. doi:10.1111/1755-0998.12410

Noël, S, Reuter, M, Buchwitz, M, Borchardt, J, Hilker, M, Schneising, O, Bovensmann, H, Burrows, JP, Di Noia, A, Parker, RJ, Suto, H, Yoshida, Y, Buschmann, M, Deutscher, NM, Feist, DG, Griffith, DWT, Hase, F, Kivi, R, Liu, C, Morino, I, Notholt, J, Oh, YS, Ohyama, H, Petri, C, Pollard, DF, Rettinger, M, Roehl, C, Rousogenous, C, Sha, MK, Shiomi, K, Strong, K, Sussmann, R, Té, Y, Velazco, VA, Vrekoussis, M and Warneke, T (2022) Retrieval of greenhouse gases from GOSAT and GOSAT-2 using the FOCAL algorithm. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 15(11). 3401-3437. doi:10.5194/amt-15-3401-2022

Obreht, I, De Vleeschouwer, D, Wörmer, L, Kucera, M, Varma, D, Prange, M, Laepple, T, Wendt, J, Nandini-Weiss, SD, Schulz, H and Hinrichs, KU (2022) Last Interglacial decadal sea surface temperature variability in the eastern Mediterranean. Nature Geoscience, 15(10). 812-818. doi:10.1038/s41561-022-01016-y

Richter, K, Meyssignac, B, Slangen, ABA, Melet, A, Church, JA, Fettweis, X, Marzeion, B, Agosta, C, Ligtenberg, SRM, Spada, G, Palmer, MD, Roberts, CD and Champollion, N (2020) Detecting a forced signal in satellite-era sea-level change. Environmental Research Letters, 15(9). 094079. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab986e

Rovere, A, Ryan, DD, Vacchi, M, Dutton, A, Simms, AR and Murray-Wallace, CV (2023) The World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (version 1.0). Earth System Science Data, 15(1). 1-23. doi:10.5194/essd-15-1-2023

Saraswat, R, Suokhrie, T, Naik, DK, Singh, DP, Saalim, SM, Salman, M, Kumar, G, Bhadra, SR, Mohtadi, M, Kurtarkar, SR and Maurya, AS (2023) Large freshwater-influx-induced salinity gradient and diagenetic changes in the northern Indian Ocean dominate the stable oxygen isotopic variation in Globigerinoides ruber. Earth System Science Data, 15(1). 171-187. doi:10.5194/essd-15-171-2023

Walter, RM, Sayani, HR, Felis, T, Cobb, KM, Abram, NJ, Arzey, AK, Atwood, AR, Brenner, LD, Dassié, EP, DeLong, KL, Ellis, B, Emile-Geay, J, Fischer, MJ, Goodkin, NF, Hargreaves, JA, Kilbourne, KH, Krawczyk, H, McKay, NP, Moore, AL, Murty, SA, Ong, MR, Ramos, RD, Reed, EV, Samanta, D, Sanchez, SC and Zinke, J (2023) The CoralHydro2k database: a global, actively curated compilation of coral δ18O and Sr ∕ Ca proxy records of tropical ocean hydrology and temperature for the Common Era. Earth System Science Data, 15(5). 2081-2116. doi:10.5194/essd-15-2081-2023

Zuhr, AM, Münch, T, Steen-Larsen, HC, Hörhold, M and Laepple, T (2021) Local-scale deposition of surface snow on the Greenland ice sheet. The Cryosphere, 15(10). 4873-4900. doi:10.5194/tc-15-4873-2021

da Costa Portilho-Ramos, R, Pinho, TML, Chiessi, CM and Barbosa, CF (2019) Understanding the mechanisms behind high glacial productivity in the southern Brazilian margin. Climate of the Past, 15(3). 943-955. doi:10.5194/cp-15-943-2019 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

von Schuckmann, K, Minière, A, Gues, F, Cuesta-Valero, FJ, Kirchengast, G, Adusumilli, S, Straneo, F, Ablain, M, Allan, RP, Barker, PM, Beltrami, H, Blazquez, A, Boyer, T, Cheng, L, Church, J, Desbruyères, D, Dolman, H, Domingues, CM, García-García, A, Giglio, D, Gilson, JE, Gorfer, M, Haimberger, L, Hakuba, MZ, Hendricks, S, Hosoda, S, Johnson, GC, Killick, R, King, B, Kolodziejczyk, N, Korosov, A, Krinner, G, Kuusela, M, Landerer, FW, Langer, M, Lavergne, T, Lawrence, I, Li, Y, Lyman, J, Marti, F, Marzeion, B, Mayer, M, MacDougall, AH, McDougall, T, Monselesan, DP, Nitzbon, J, Otosaka, I, Peng, J, Purkey, S, Roemmich, D, Sato, K, Sato, K, Savita, A, Schweiger, A, Shepherd, A, Seneviratne, SI, Simons, L, Slater, DA, Slater, T, Steiner, AK, Suga, T, Szekely, T, Thiery, W, Timmermans, ML, Vanderkelen, I, Wjiffels, SE, Wu, T and Zemp, M (2023) Heat stored in the Earth system 1960–2020: where does the energy go? Earth System Science Data, 15(4). 1675-1709. doi:10.5194/essd-15-1675-2023

149

Casella, E, Rovere, A, Pedroncini, A, Mucerino, L, Casella, M, Cusati, LA, Vacchi, M, Ferrari, M and Firpo, M (2014) Study of wave runup using numerical models and low-altitude aerial photogrammetry: A tool for coastal management. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 149. 160-167. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2014.08.012 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Herrmann, N, Boom, A, Carr, AS, Chase, BM, Granger, R, Hahn, A, Zabel, M and Schefuß, E (2016) Sources, transport and deposition of terrestrial organic material: A case study from southwestern Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews, 149. 215-229. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.07.028 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Holbourn, AEL, Kuhnt, W and Schulz, M (2004) Orbitally paced climate variability during the middle Miocene: High-resolution benthic stable isotope records from the tropical western Pacific. In: Clift, PD, Wang, P, Kuhnt, W and Hayes, D (eds.) Continent-ocean interactions within East Asian marginal seas. Geophysical Monograph Series, 149. American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, 321-337. doi:10.1029/149GM17 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

148

Dupont, LM and Behling, H (2006) Land-sea linkages during deglaciation: high resolution records from the eastern Atlantic off the coast of Namibia and Angola (ODP Site 1078). Quaternary International, 148(1). 19-28. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2005.11.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hooghiemstra, H, Lézine, AM, Leroy, SAG, Dupont, LM and Marret, F (2006) Late Quaternary palynology in marine sediments: A synthesis of the understanding of pollen distribution patterns in the NW African setting. Quaternary International, 148(1). 29-44. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2005.11.005

Reymond, CE, Mateu-Vicens, G and Westphal, H (2014) Foraminiferal assemblages from a transitional tropical upwelling zone in the Golfe d'Arguin, Mauritania. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 148. 70-84. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2014.05.034 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

147

Romero, OE, Fischer, G, Karstensen, J and Cermeño, P (2016) Eddies as trigger for diatom productivity in the open-ocean Northeast Atlantic. Progress in Oceanography, 147. 38-48. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2016.07.011 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

146

Benz, V, Esper, O, Gersonde, R, Lamy, F and Tiedemann, R (2016) Last Glacial Maximum sea surface temperature and sea-ice extent in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. Quaternary Science Reviews, 146. 216-237. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.06.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Contreras-Rosales, LA, Schefuß, E, Meyer, V, Palamenghi, L, Lückge, A and Jennerjahn, TC (2016) Origin and fate of sedimentary organic matter in the northern Bay of Bengal during the last 18ka. Global and Planetary Change, 146. 53-66. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.09.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

De Schepper, S, Head, MJ and Louwye, S (2008) Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy, palaeoecology and sequence stratigraphy of the Tunnel-Canal Dock, Belgium. Geological Magazine, 146(1). 92-112. doi:10.1017/S0016756808005438

145

Rovere, A, Hearty, PJ, Austermann, J, Mitrovica, JX, Gale, J, Moucha, R, Forte, AM and Raymo, ME (2015) Mid-Pliocene shorelines of the US Atlantic Coastal Plain — An improved elevation database with comparison to Earth model predictions. Earth-Science Reviews, 145. 117-131. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.02.007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

144

Louwye, S, De Schepper, S, Laga, P and Vandenberghe, N (2007) The Upper Miocene of the southern North Sea Basin (northern Belgium): a palaeoenvironmental and stratigraphical reconstruction using dinoflagellate cysts. Geological Magazine, 144(1). 33-52. doi:10.1017/S0016756806002627

142

Garcin, Y, Schefuß, E, Schwab, VF, Garreta, V, Gleixner, G, Vincens, A, Todou, G, Séné, O, Onana, JM, Achoundong, G and Sachse, D (2014) Reconstructing C3 and C4 vegetation cover using n-alkane carbon isotope ratios in recent lake sediments from Cameroon, Western Central Africa. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 142. 482-500. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2014.07.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

de Bar, MW, Weiss, G, Yildiz, C, Rampen, SW, Lattaud, J, Bale, NJ, Mienis, F, Brummer, GJA, Schulz, H, Rush, D, Kim, JH, Donner, B, Knies, J, Lückge, A, Stuut, JBW, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Schouten, S (2020) Global temperature calibration of the Long chain Diol Index in marine surface sediments. Organic Geochemistry, 142. 103983. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2020.103983

14

Aschmann, J, Burrows, JP, Gebhardt, C, Rozanov, A, Hommel, R, Weber, M and Thompson, AM (2014) On the hiatus in the acceleration of tropical upwelling since the beginning of the 21st century. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 14(23). 12803-12814. doi:10.5194/acp-14-12803-2014

Deutscher, NM, Sherlock, V, Mikaloff Fletcher, SE, Griffith, DWT, Notholt, J, Macatangay, R, Connor, BJ, Robinson, J, Shiona, H, Velazco, VA, Wang, Y, Wennberg, PO and Wunch, D (2014) Drivers of column-average CO2 variability at Southern Hemispheric Total Carbon Column Observing Network sites. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 14(18). 9883-9901. doi:10.5194/acp-14-9883-2014

Drury, AJ, Westerhold, T, Hodell, D and Röhl, U (2018) Reinforcing the North Atlantic backbone: revision and extension of the composite splice at ODP Site 982. Climate of the Past, 14(3). 321-338. doi:10.5194/cp-14-321-2018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Dunkley Jones, T, Manners, HR, Hoggett, M, Kirtland Turner, S, Westerhold, T, Leng, MJ, Pancost, RD, Ridgwell, A, Alegret, L, Duller, R and Grimes, ST (2018) Dynamics of sediment flux to a bathyal continental margin section through the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. Climate of the Past, 14(7). 1035-1049. doi:10.5194/cp-14-1035-2018

Frieling, J, Reichart, GJ, Middelburg, JJ, Röhl, U, Westerhold, T, Bohaty, SM and Sluijs, A (2018) Tropical Atlantic climate and ecosystem regime shifts during the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. Climate of the Past, 14(1). 39-55. doi:10.5194/cp-14-39-2018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Geilert, S, Frick, DA, Garbe-Schönberg, D, Scholz, F, Sommer, S, Grasse, P, Vogt, C and Dale, AW (2023) Coastal El Niño triggers rapid marine silicate alteration on the seafloor. Nature Communications, 14(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-023-37186-5

Grimmer, F, Dupont, LM, Lamy, F, Jung, G, González, C and Wefer, G (2018) Early Pliocene vegetation and hydrology changes in western equatorial South America. Climate of the Past, 14(11). 1739-1754. doi:10.5194/cp-14-1739-2018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Guerreiro, CV, Baumann, KH, Brummer, GJA, Fischer, G, Korte, LF, Merkel, U, Sá, C, de Stigter, H and Stuut, JBW (2017) Coccolithophore fluxes in the open tropical North Atlantic: influence of thermocline depth, Amazon water, and Saharan dust. Biogeosciences, 14(20). 4577-4599. doi:10.5194/bg-14-4577-2017

Hamza, W, Enan, MR, Al-Hassini, H, Stuut, JB and de Beer, D (2011) Dust storms over the Arabian Gulf: a possible indicator of climate changes consequences. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 14(3). 260-268. doi:10.1080/14634988.2011.601274

Hathorne, EC, Gagnon, A, Felis, T, Adkins, J, Asami, R, Boer, W, Caillon, N, Case, D, Cobb, KM, Douville, E, deMenocal, P, Eisenhauer, A, Garbe-Schönberg, D, Geibert, W, Goldstein, S, Hughen, K, Inoue, M, Kawahata, H, Kölling, M, Cornec, FL, Linsley, BK, McGregor, HV, Montagna, P, Nurhati, IS, Quinn, TM, Raddatz, J, Rebaubier, H, Robinson, L, Sadekov, A, Sherrell, R, Sinclair, D, Tudhope, AW, Wei, G, Wong, H, Wu, HC and You, CF (2013) Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 14(9). 3730-3750. doi:10.1002/ggge.20230

Hayman, GD, O'Connor, FM, Dalvi, M, Clark, DB, Gedney, N, Huntingford, C, Prigent, C, Buchwitz, M, Schneising, O, Burrows, JP, Wilson, C, Richards, N and Chipperfield, M (2014) Comparison of the HadGEM2 climate-chemistry model against in situ and SCIAMACHY atmospheric methane data. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 14(23). 13257-13280. doi:10.5194/acp-14-13257-2014

Horwath, M, Gutknecht, BD, Cazenave, A, Palanisamy, HK, Marti, F, Marzeion​​​​​​​, B, Paul, F, Le Bris, R, Hogg, AE, Otosaka, I, Shepherd, A, Döll, P, Cáceres, D, Müller Schmied, H, Johannessen, JA, Nilsen, JEØ, Raj, RP, Forsberg, R, Sandberg Sørensen, L, Barletta, VR, Simonsen, SB, Knudsen, P, Andersen, OB, Ranndal, H, Rose, SK, Merchant, CJ, Macintosh, CR, von Schuckmann, K, Novotny​​​​​​​, K, Groh, A, Restano, M and Benveniste, J (2022) Global sea-level budget and ocean-mass budget, with a focus on advanced data products and uncertainty characterisation. Earth System Science Data, 14(2). 411-447. doi:10.5194/essd-14-411-2022

Klus, A, Prange, M, Varma, V, Tremblay, LB and Schulz, M (2018) Abrupt cold events in the North Atlantic Ocean in a transient Holocene simulation. Climate of the Past, 14(8). 1165-1178. doi:10.5194/cp-14-1165-2018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Knorr, G, Barker, S, Zhang, X, Lohmann, G, Gong, X, Gierz, P, Stepanek, C and Stap, LB (2021) A salty deep ocean as a prerequisite for glacial termination. Nature Geoscience, 14(12). 930-936. doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00857-3

Kuechler, RR, Dupont, LM and Schefuß, E (2018) Hybrid insolation forcing of Pliocene monsoon dynamics in West Africa. Climate of the Past, 14(1). 73-84. doi:10.5194/cp-14-73-2018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Meyer, VD, Hefter, J, Köhler, P, Tiedemann, R, Gersonde, R, Wacker, L and Mollenhauer, G (2019) Permafrost-carbon mobilization in Beringia caused by deglacial meltwater runoff, sea-level rise and warming. Environmental Research Letters, 14(8). 085003. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab2653

Morard, R, Füllberg, A, Brummer, GJA, Greco, M, Jonkers, L, Wizemann, A, Weiner, AKM, Darling, K, Siccha, M, Ledevin, R, Kitazato, H, de Garidel-Thoron, T, de Vargas, C and Kucera, M (2019) Genetic and morphological divergence in the warm-water planktonic foraminifera genus Globigerinoides. PLOS ONE, 14(12). e0225246. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0225246

Morard, R, Lejzerowicz, F, Darling, KF, Lecroq-Bennet, B, Winther Pedersen, M, Orlando, L, Pawlowski, J, Mulitza, S, de Vargas, C and Kucera, M (2017) Planktonic foraminifera-derived environmental DNA extracted from abyssal sediments preserves patterns of plankton macroecology. Biogeosciences, 14(11). 2741-2754. doi:10.5194/bg-14-2741-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Morard, R, Vollmar, NM, Greco, M and Kucera, M (2019) Unassigned diversity of planktonic foraminifera from environmental sequencing revealed as known but neglected species. PLOS ONE, 14(3). e0213936. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213936

Mulitza, S, Bickert, T, Bostock, HC, Chiessi, CM, Donner, B, Govin, A, Harada, N, Huang, E, Johnstone, HJH, Kuhnert, H, Langner, M, Lamy, F, Lembke-Jene, L, Lisiecki, LE, Lynch-Stieglitz, J, Max, L, Mohtadi, M, Mollenhauer, G, Muglia, J, Nürnberg, D, Paul, A, Rühlemann, C, Repschläger, J, Saraswat, R, Schmittner, A, Sikes, EL, Spielhagen, RF and Tiedemann, R (2022) World atlas of late quaternary foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotope ratios. Earth System Science Data, 14(6). 2553-2611. doi:10.5194/essd-14-2553-2022

Passchier, S, Bohaty, SM, Jiménez-Espejo, FJ, Pross, J, Röhl, U, van de Flierdt, T, Escutia, C and Brinkhuis, H (2013) Early Eocene to middle Miocene cooling and aridification of East Antarctica. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 14. doi:10.1002/ggge.20106 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rebotim, A, Voelker, AHL, Jonkers, L, Waniek, JJ, Meggers, H, Schiebel, R, Fraile, I, Schulz, M and Kucera, M (2017) Factors controlling the depth habitat of planktonic foraminifera in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic. Biogeosciences, 14(4). 827-859. doi:10.5194/bg-14-827-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Reverdin, G, Waelbroeck, C, Pierre, C, Akhoudas, C, Aloisi, G, Benetti, M, Bourles, B, Danielsen, M, Demange, J, Diverrès, D, Gascard, JC, Houssais, MN, Le Goff, H, Lherminier, P, Lo Monaco, C, Mercier, H, Metzl, N, Morisset, S, Naamar, A, Reynaud, T, Sallée, JB, Thierry, V, Hartman, SE, Mawji, EW, Olafsdottir, S, Kanzow, T, Velo, A, Voelker, A, Yashayaev, I, Haumann, FA, Leng, MJ, Arrowsmith, C and Meredith, M (2022) The CISE-LOCEAN seawater isotopic database (1998–2021). Earth System Science Data, 14(6). 2721-2735. doi:10.5194/essd-14-2721-2022

Saito, R, Wörmer, L, Taubner, H, Kaiho, K, Takahashi, S, Tian, L, Ikeda, M, Summons, RE and Hinrichs, KU (2023) Centennial scale sequences of environmental deterioration preceded the end-Permian mass extinction. Nature Communications, 14(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-023-37717-0

Salabarnada, A, Escutia, C, Röhl, U, Nelson, CH, McKay, RM, Jiménez-Espejo, FJ, Bijl, PK, Hartman, JD, Strother, SL, Salzmann, U, Evangelinos, D, López-Quirós, A, Flores, JA, Sangiorgi, F, Ikehara, M and Brinkhuis, H (2018) Paleoceanography and ice sheet variability offshore Wilkes Land, Antarctica – Part 1: Insights from late Oligocene astronomically paced contourite sedimentation. Climate of the Past, 14(7). 991-1014. doi:10.5194/cp-14-991-2018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schouten, S, Hopmans, EC, Rosell-Melé, A, Pearson, A, Adam, P, Bauersachs, T, Bard, E, Bernasconi, SM, Bianchi, TS, Brocks, JJ, Carlson, LT, Castañeda, IS, Derenne, S, Selver, AD, Dutta, K, Eglinton, TI, Fosse, C, Galy, V, Grice, K, Hinrichs, KU, Huang, Y, Huguet, A, Huguet, C, Hurley, S, Ingalls, A, Jia, G, Keely, B, Knappy, C, Kondo, M, Krishnan, S, Lincoln, S, Lipp, JS, Mangelsdorf, K, Martinez-Garcia, A, Ménot, G, Mets, A, Mollenhauer, G, Ohkouchi, N, Ossebaar, J, Pagani, M, Pancost, RD, Pearson, EJ, Peterse, F, Reichart, GJ, Schaeffer, P, Schmitt, G, Schwark, L, Shah, SR, Smith, RW, Smittenberg, RH, Summons, RE, Takano, Y, Talbot, HM, Taylor, KWR, Tarozo, R, Uchida, M, van Dongen, BE, Van Mooy, BAS, Wang, J, Warren, C, Weijers, JWH, Werne, JP, Woltering, M, Xie, S, Yamamoto, M, Yang, H, Zhang, CL, Zhang, Y, Zhao, M and Damsté, JSS (2013) An interlaboratory study of TEX86and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 14(12). 5263-5285. doi:10.1002/2013GC004904

Sun, S, Schefuß, E, Mulitza, S, Chiessi, CM, Sawakuchi, AO, Zabel, M, Baker, PA, Hefter, J and Mollenhauer, G (2017) Origin and processing of terrestrial organic carbon in the Amazon system: lignin phenols in river, shelf, and fan sediments. Biogeosciences, 14(9). 2495-2512. doi:10.5194/bg-14-2495-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Vanderbroucke, TRA, Munnecke, A, Leng, MJ, Bickert, T, Hints, O, Gelsthorpe, D, Maier, G and Servais, T (2013) Reconstructing the environmental conditions around the Silurian Ireviken Event using the carbon isotope composition of bulk and palynomorph organic matter. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 14(1). 86-101. doi:10.1029/2012GC004348 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Weinkauf, MFG, Bonitz, FGW, Martini, R and Kučera, M (2019) An extinction event in planktonic Foraminifera preceded by stabilizing selection. PLOS ONE, 14(10). e0223490. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0223490

Westerhold, T and Röhl, U (2013) Orbital pacing of Eocene climate during the Middle Eocene Climate Optimum and the chron C19r event: Missing link found in the tropical western Atlantic. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 14(11). 4811-4825. doi:10.1002/ggge.20293 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, Wilkens, RH, Gingerich, PD, Clyde, WC, Wing, SL, Bowen, GJ and Kraus, MJ (2018) Synchronizing early Eocene deep-sea and continental records – cyclostratigraphic age models for the Bighorn Basin Coring Project drill cores. Climate of the Past, 14(3). 303-319. doi:10.5194/cp-14-303-2018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Yoon, J, Burrows, JP, Vountas, M, von Hoyningen-Huene, W, Chang, DY, Richter, A and Hilboll, A (2014) Changes in atmospheric aerosol loading retrieved from space-based measurements during the past decade. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 14(13). 6881-6902. doi:10.5194/acp-14-6881-2014

Zhang, X, Barker, S, Knorr, G, Lohmann, G, Drysdale, R, Sun, Y, Hodell, D and Chen, F (2021) Direct astronomical influence on abrupt climate variability. Nature Geoscience, 14(11). 819-826. doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00846-6

Zimmermann, HH, Stoof-Leichsenring, KR, Dinkel, V, Harms, L, Schulte, L, Hütt, MT, Nürnberg, D, Tiedemann, R and Herzschuh, U (2023) Marine ecosystem shifts with deglacial sea-ice loss inferred from ancient DNA shotgun sequencing. Nature Communications, 14(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36845-x

139

Pittauerová, D, Kirchner, G, Garbe-Schönberg, D, Herut, B, Nishri, A and Fischer, HW (2014) Radionuclides and recent sedimentation and mixing rates in Northern Gulf of Eilat/Aqaba, Red Sea. Journal of Marine Systems, 139. 1-8. doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

137

Berger, WH and Wefer, G (2003) On the dynamics of the ice ages: stage-11 paradox, mid-Brunhes climate shift, and 100-ky cycle. In: Droxler, AW, Poore, RZ and Burckle, LH (eds.) Earths's Climate and Orbital Eccentricity: The Marine Isotope Stage 11 Question. American Geophysical Union, 41-59. doi:10.1029/137GM04

Meister, P, Chapligin, B, Picard, A, Meyer, H, Fischer, C, Rettenwander, D, Amthauer, G, Vogt, C and Aiello, IW (2014) Early diagenetic quartz formation at a deep iron oxidation front in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific – A modern analogue for banded iron/chert formations? Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 137. 188-207. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2014.03.035

136

Li, C, Xue, Y, von Hoyningen-Huene, W, Zhang, J and Pan, P (2014) Quantitative evaluation of uncertainties in satellite retrieval of dust-like aerosols induced by spherical assumption. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 136. 45-57. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2014.01.003

Venancio, IM, Belem, AL, Santos, TP, Lessa, DO, Albuquerque, ALS, Mulitza, S, Schulz, M and Kucera, M (2017) Calcification depths of planktonic foraminifera from the southwestern Atlantic derived from oxygen isotope analyses of sediment trap material. Marine Micropaleontology, 136. 37-50. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2017.08.006

135

Gratsea, M, Vrekoussis, M, Richter, A, Wittrock, F, Schönhardt, A, Burrows, J, Kazadzis, S, Mihalopoulos, N and Gerasopoulos, E (2016) Slant column MAX-DOAS measurements of nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, glyoxal and oxygen dimer in the urban environment of Athens. Atmospheric Environment, 135. 118-131. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.03.048

Xiao, W, Esper, O and Gersonde, R (2016) Last Glacial - Holocene climate variability in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Quaternary Science Reviews, 135. 115-137. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.01.023

133

Behling, H, DePatta Pillar, V and Bauermann, SG (2005) Late Quaternary grassland (Campos), gallery forest, fire and climate dynamics, studied by pollen, charcoal and multivariate analysis of the Sao Francisco de Assis core in western Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil). Review of Paleobotany & Palynology, 133. 235-248. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2004.10.004

Cheng, Z, Weng, C, Steinke, S and Mohtadi, M (2021) Marine pollen records provide perspective on coastal wetlands through Quaternary sea-level changes. Ecological Indicators, 133. 108405. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108405

Liu, X, Rendle-Bühring, R and Henrich, R (2016) Climate and sea-level controls on turbidity current activity on the Tanzanian upper slope during the last deglaciation and the Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 133. 15-27. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.12.002 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rozanov, VV, Rozanov, AV, Kokhanovsky, AA and Burrows, JP (2014) Radiative transfer through terrestrial atmosphere and ocean: Software package SCIATRAN. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 133. 13-71. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2013.07.004

Rozanov, VV and Vountas, M (2014) Radiative transfer equation accounting for rotational Raman scattering and its solution by the discrete-ordinates method. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 133. 603-618. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2013.09.024

Talbot, HM, Handley, L, Spencer-Jones, CL, Dinga, BJ, Schefuß, E, Mann, PJ, Poulsen, JR, Spencer, RGM, Wabakanghanzi, JN and Wagner, T (2014) Variability in aerobic methane oxidation over the past 1.2 Myrs recorded in microbial biomarker signatures from Congo fan sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 133. 387-401. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.035 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Voelker, AHL, Salgueiro, E, Rodrigues, T, Jiménez-Espejo, FJ, Bahr, A, Alberto, A, Loureiro, I, Padilha, M, Rebotim, A and Röhl, U (2015) Mediterranean Outflow and surface water variability off southern Portugal during the early Pleistocene: A snapshot at Marine Isotope Stages 29 to 34 (1020–1135ka). Global and Planetary Change, 133. 223-237. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.08.015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

132

Fischer, J, Karstensen, J, Zantopp, R, Visbeck, M, Biastoch, A, Behrens, E, Böning, CW, Quadfasel, D, Jochumsen, K, Valdimarsson, H, Jónsson, S, Bacon, S, Holliday, NP, Dye, S, Rhein, M and Mertens, C (2015) Intra-seasonal variability of the DWBC in the western subpolar North Atlantic. Progress in Oceanography, 132. 233-249. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.002

Kieke, D and Yashayaev, I (2015) Studies of Labrador Sea Water formation and variability in the subpolar North Atlantic in the light of international partnership and collaboration. Progress in Oceanography, 132. 220-232. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2014.12.010

Montagna, P, McCulloch, M, Douville, E, López Correa, M, Trotter, J, Rodolfo-Metalpa, R, Dissard, D, Ferrier-Pagès, C, Frank, N, Freiwald, A, Goldstein, S, Mazzoli, C, Reynaud, S, Rüggeberg, A, Russo, S and Taviani, M (2014) Li/Mg systematics in scleractinian corals: Calibration of the thermometer. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 132. 288-310. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.005

131

Ho, SL, Mollenhauer, G, Fietz, S, Martinez-Garcia, A, Lamy, F, Rueda, G, Schipper, K, Méheust, M, Rosell-Melé, A, Stein, R and Tiedemann, R (2014) Appraisal of TEX86 and thermometries in subpolar and polar regions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 131. 213-226. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.001 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

13

Abrantes, FF, Cermeño, P, Lopes, C, Romero, OE, Matos, L, Van Iperen, J, Rufino, M and Magalhães, V (2016) Diatoms Si uptake capacity drives carbon export in coastal upwelling systems. Biogeosciences, 13(14). 4099-4109. doi:10.5194/bg-13-4099-2016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Bartels, M, Titschack, J, Fahl, K, Stein, R, Seidenkrantz, MS, Hillaire-Marcel, C and Hebbeln, D (2017) Atlantic Water advection vs. glacier dynamics in northern Spitsbergen since early deglaciation. Climate of the Past, 13(12). 1717-1749. doi:10.5194/cp-13-1717-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Boyden, P, Weil-Accardo, J, Deschamps, P, Oppo, D and Rovere, A (2021) Last interglacial sea-level proxies in East Africa and the Western Indian Ocean. Earth System Science Data, 13(4). 1633-1651. doi:10.5194/essd-13-1633-2021

Campos, MC, Chiessi, CM, Voigt, I, Piola, AR, Kuhnert, H and Mulitza, S (2017) δ13C decreases in the upper western South Atlantic during Heinrich Stadials 3 and 2. Climate of the Past, 13(4). 345-358. doi:10.5194/cp-13-345-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Cerrone, C, Vacchi, M, Fontana, A and Rovere, A (2021) Last Interglacial sea-level proxies in the western Mediterranean. Earth System Science Data, 13(9). 4485-4527. doi:10.5194/essd-13-4485-2021

Corella, JP, Maffezzoli, N, Spolaor, A, Vallelonga, P, Cuevas, CA, Scoto, F, Müller, J, Vinther, B, Kjær, HA, Cozzi, G, Edwards, R, Barbante, C and Saiz-Lopez, A (2022) Climate changes modulated the history of Arctic iodine during the Last Glacial Cycle. Nature Communications, 13(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27642-5

De Schepper, S, Ray, JL, Skaar, KS, Sadatzki, H, Ijaz, UZ, Stein, R and Larsen, A (2019) The potential of sedimentary ancient DNA for reconstructing past sea ice evolution. The ISME Journal, 13(10). 2566-2577. doi:10.1038/s41396-019-0457-1

Dubois-Dauphin, Q, Montagna, P, Siani, G, Douville, E, Wienberg, C, Hebbeln, D, Liu, Z, Kallel, N, Dapoigny, A, Revel, M, Pons-Branchu, E, Taviani, M and Colin, C (2017) Hydrological variations of the intermediate water masses of the western Mediterranean Sea during the past 20 ka inferred from neodymium isotopic composition in foraminifera and cold-water corals. Climate of the Past, 13(1). 17-37. doi:10.5194/cp-13-17-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Eis, J, Maussion, F and Marzeion, B (2019) Initialization of a global glacier model based on present-day glacier geometry and past climate information: an ensemble approach. The Cryosphere, 13(12). 3317-3335. doi:10.5194/tc-13-3317-2019

Fischer, G, Karstensen, J, Romero, OE, Baumann, KH, Donner, B, Hefter, J, Mollenhauer, G, Iversen, MH, Fiedler, B, Monteiro, I and Körtzinger, A (2016) Bathypelagic particle flux signatures from a suboxic eddy in the oligotrophic tropical North Atlantic: production, sedimentation and preservation. Biogeosciences, 13(11). 3203-3223. doi:10.5194/bg-13-3203-2016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Fischer, G, Romero, OE, Merkel, U, Donner, B, Iversen, MH, Nowald, N, Ratmeyer, V, Ruhland, G, Klann, M and Wefer, G (2016) Deep ocean mass fluxes in the coastal upwelling off Mauritania from 1988 to 2012: variability on seasonal to decadal timescales. Biogeosciences, 13(10). 3071-3090. doi:10.5194/bg-13-3071-2016

Gangadharan, N, Goosse, H, Parkes, D, Goelzer, H, Maussion, F and Marzeion, B (2022) Process-based estimate of global-mean sea-level changes in the Common Era. Earth System Dynamics, 13(4). 1417-1435. doi:10.5194/esd-13-1417-2022

Govin, A, Holzwarth, U, Heslop, D, Ford Keeling, L, Zabel, M, Mulitza, S, Collins, JA and Chiessi, CM (2012) Distribution of major elements in Atlantic surface sediments (36°N-49°S): Imprint of terrigenous input and continental weathering. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 13(1). Q01013. doi:10.1029/2011gc003785 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Gowan, EJ, Rovere, A, Ryan, DD, Richiano, S, Montes, A, Pappalardo, M and Aguirre, ML (2021) Last interglacial (MIS 5e) sea-level proxies in southeastern South America. Earth System Science Data, 13(1). 171-197. doi:10.5194/essd-13-171-2021

Hahn, A, Schefuß, E, Andò, S, Cawthra, HC, Frenzel, P, Kugel, M, Meschner, S, Mollenhauer, G and Zabel, M (2017) Southern Hemisphere anticyclonic circulation drives oceanic and climatic conditions in late Holocene southernmost Africa. Climate of the Past, 13(6). 649-665. doi:10.5194/cp-13-649-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hébert, R, Schild, L, Laepple, T and Herzschuh, U (2023) Biome‐ and timescale‐dependence of Holocene vegetation variability in the Northern Hemisphere. Ecology and Evolution, 13(10). doi:10.1002/ece3.10585

Hüpers, A and Kopf, AJ (2012) Effect of smectite dehydration on pore water geochemistry in the shallow subduction zone: An experimental approach. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 13. doi:10.1029/2012GC004212

Ionita, M, Lohmann, G, Rimbu, N and Chelcea, S (2012) Interannual Variability of Rhine River Streamflow and Its Relationship with Large-Scale Anomaly Patterns in Spring and Autumn. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 13(1). 172-188. doi:10.1175/JHM-D-11-063.1

Jonkers, L and Kučera, M (2017) Quantifying the effect of seasonal and vertical habitat tracking on planktonic foraminifera proxies. Climate of the Past, 13(6). 573-586. doi:10.5194/cp-13-573-2017

Just, J, Dekkers, MJ, von Dobeneck, T, van Hoesel, A and Bickert, T (2012) Signatures and significance of aeolian, fluvial, bacterial and diagenetic magnetic mineral fractions in Late Quaternary marine sediments off Gambia, NW Africa. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 13. Q0AO02. doi:10.1029/2012GC004146 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kreher, K, Van Roozendael, M, Hendrick, F, Apituley, A, Dimitropoulou, E, Frieß, U, Richter, A, Wagner, T, Lampel, J, Abuhassan, N, Ang, L, Anguas, M, Bais, A, Benavent, N, Bösch, T, Bognar, K, Borovski, A, Bruchkouski, I, Cede, A, Chan, KL, Donner, S, Drosoglou, T, Fayt, C, Finkenzeller, H, Garcia-Nieto, D, Gielen, C, Gómez-Martín, L, Hao, N, Henzing, B, Herman, JR, Hermans, C, Hoque, S, Irie, H, Jin, J, Johnston, P, Khayyam Butt, J, Khokhar, F, Koenig, TK, Kuhn, J, Kumar, V, Liu, C, Ma, J, Merlaud, A, Mishra, AK, Müller, M, Navarro-Comas, M, Ostendorf, M, Pazmino, A, Peters, E, Pinardi, G, Pinharanda, M, Piters, A, Platt, U, Postylyakov, O, Prados-Roman, C, Puentedura, O, Querel, R, Saiz-Lopez, A, Schönhardt, A, Schreier, SF, Seyler, A, Sinha, V, Spinei, E, Strong, K, Tack, F, Tian, X, Tiefengraber, M, Tirpitz, JL, van Gent, J, Volkamer, R, Vrekoussis, M, Wang, S, Wang, Z, Wenig, M, Wittrock, F, Xie, PH, Xu, J, Yela, M, Zhang, C and Zhao, X (2020) Intercomparison of NO2, O4, O3 and HCHO slant column measurements by MAX-DOAS and zenith-sky UV–visible spectrometers during CINDI-2. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 13(5). 2169-2208. doi:10.5194/amt-13-2169-2020

Kurahashi-Nakamura, T, Paul, A, Munhoven, G, Merkel, U and Schulz, M (2020) Coupling of a sediment diagenesis model (MEDUSA) and an Earth system model (CESM1.2): a contribution toward enhanced marine biogeochemical modelling and long-term climate simulations. Geoscientific Model Development, 13(2). 825-840. doi:10.5194/gmd-13-825-2020

Lattaud, J, Dorhout, D, Schulz, H, Castañeda, IS, Schefuß, E, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Schouten, S (2017) The C-32 alkane-1,15-diol as a proxy of late Quaternary riverine input in coastal margins. Climate of the Past, 13(8). 1049-1061. doi:10.5194/cp-13-1049-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Maksic, J, Shimizu, MH, Kayano, MT, Chiessi, CM, Prange, M and Sampaio, G (2022) Influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on South American Atmosphere Dynamics and Precipitation. Atmosphere, 13(11). 1778. doi:10.3390/atmos13111778

Max, L, Nürnberg, D, Chiessi, CM, Lenz, MM and Mulitza, S (2022) Subsurface ocean warming preceded Heinrich Events. Nature Communications, 13(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31754-x

Maxwell, K, Westphal, H and Rovere, A (2021) A standardized database of Last Interglacial (MIS 5e) sea-level indicators in Southeast Asia. Earth System Science Data, 13(9). 4313-4329. doi:10.5194/essd-13-4313-2021

Meyer, VD, Hefter, J, Lohmann, G, Max, L, Tiedemann, R and Mollenhauer, G (2017) Summer temperature evolution on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russian Far East, during the past 20 000 years. Climate of the Past, 13(4). 359-377. doi:10.5194/cp-13-359-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Morard, R, Hassenrück, C, Greco, M, Fernandez-Guerra, A, Rigaud, S, Douady, CJ and Kucera, M (2022) Renewal of planktonic foraminifera diversity after the Cretaceous Paleogene mass extinction by benthic colonizers. Nature Communications, 13(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34794-5

Munz, PM, Steinke, S, Böll, A, Lückge, A, Groeneveld, J, Kucera, M and Schulz, H (2017) Decadal resolution record of Oman upwelling indicates solar forcing of the Indian summer monsoon (9–6 ka). Climate of the Past, 13(5). 491-509. doi:10.5194/cp-13-491-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Myriokefalitakis, S, Daskalakis, N, Gkouvousis, A, Hilboll, A, van Noije, T, Williams, JE, Le Sager, P, Huijnen, V, Houweling, S, Bergman, T, Nüß, JR, Vrekoussis, M, Kanakidou, M and Krol, MC (2020) Description and evaluation of a detailed gas-phase chemistry scheme in the TM5-MP global chemistry transport model (r112). Geoscientific Model Development, 13(11). 5507-5548. doi:10.5194/gmd-13-5507-2020

PAGES Hydro2k Consortium (2017) Comparing proxy and model estimates of hydroclimate variability and change over the Common Era. Climate of the Past, 13(12). 1851-1900. doi:10.5194/cp-13-1851-2017

Prange, M and Gerdes, R (2006) The role of surface freshwater flux boundary conditions in Arctic Ocean modelling. Ocean Modelling, 13(1). 25-43. doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2005.09.003

Rubio-Sandoval, K, Rovere, A, Cerrone, C, Stocchi, P, Lorscheid, T, Felis, T, Petersen, AK and Ryan, DD (2021) A review of last interglacial sea-level proxies in the western Atlantic and southwestern Caribbean, from Brazil to Honduras. Earth System Science Data, 13(10). 4819-4845. doi:10.5194/essd-13-4819-2021

Schefuß, E and Dupont, LM (2020) Multiple drivers of Miocene C4 ecosystem expansions. Nature Geoscience, 13(7). 463-464. doi:10.1038/s41561-020-0590-5

Tsujino, H, Urakawa, LS, Griffies, SM, Danabasoglu, G, Adcroft, AJ, Amaral, AE, Arsouze, T, Bentsen, M, Bernardello, R, Böning, CW, Bozec, A, Chassignet, EP, Danilov, S, Dussin, R, Exarchou, E, Fogli, PG, Fox-Kemper, B, Guo, C, Ilicak, M, Iovino, D, Kim, WM, Koldunov, N, Lapin, V, Li, Y, Lin, P, Lindsay, K, Liu, H, Long, MC, Komuro, Y, Marsland, SJ, Masina, S, Nummelin, A, Rieck, JK, Ruprich-Robert, Y, Scheinert, M, Sicardi, V, Sidorenko, D, Suzuki, T, Tatebe, H, Wang, Q, Yeager, SG and Yu, Z (2020) Evaluation of global ocean–sea-ice model simulations based on the experimental protocols of the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project phase 2 (OMIP-2). Geoscientific Model Development, 13(8). 3643-3708. doi:10.5194/gmd-13-3643-2020

Voelker, AHL, Rodrigues, T, Trotta, S, Marino, M and Kuhnert, H (2022) A southern Portuguese margin perspective of Marine Isotope Stage 47 — An interglacial in the 41 kyr World. Atmosphere, 13(9). 1378. doi:10.3390/atmos13091378

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, Frederichs, T, Agnini, C, Raffi, I, Zachos, JC and Wilkens, RH (2017) Astronomical calibration of the Ypresian timescale: implications for seafloor spreading rates and the chaotic behavior of the solar system? Climate of the Past, 13(9). 1129-1152. doi:10.5194/cp-13-1129-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U and Laskar, J (2012) Time scale controversy: Accurate orbital calibration of early Paleogene. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 13. Q06015. doi:10.1029/2012GC004096 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wilkens, RH, Westerhold, T, Drury, AJ, Lyle, M, Gorgas, T and Tian, J (2017) Revisiting the Ceara Rise, equatorial Atlantic Ocean: isotope stratigraphy of ODP Leg 154 from 0 to 5 Ma. Climate of the Past, 13(7). 779-793. doi:10.5194/cp-13-779-2017 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wu, J, Mollenhauer, G, Stein, R, Köhler, P, Hefter, J, Fahl, K, Grotheer, H, Wei, B and Nam, SI (2022) Deglacial release of petrogenic and permafrost carbon from the Canadian Arctic impacting the carbon cycle. Nature Communications, 13(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34725-4

129

Govin, A, Capron, E, Tzedakis, PC, Verheyden, S, Ghaleb, B, Hillaire-Marcel, C, St-Onge, G, Stoner, JS, Bassinot, F, Bazin, L, Blunier, T, Combourieu-Nebout, N, El Ouahabi, A, Genty, D, Gersonde, R, Jimenez-Amat, P, Landais, A, Martrat, B, Masson-Delmotte, V, Parrenin, F, Seidenkrantz, MS, Veres, D, Waelbroeck, C and Zahn, R (2015) Sequence of events from the onset to the demise of the Last Interglacial: Evaluating strengths and limitations of chronologies used in climatic archives. Quaternary Science Reviews, 129. 1-36. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.09.018

Leider, A, Richter-Brockmann, S, Nettersheim, BJ, Achten, C and Hallmann, C (2019) Low-femtogram sensitivity analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons using GC-APLI-TOF mass spectrometry: Extending the target window for aromatic steroids in early Proterozoic rocks. Organic Geochemistry, 129. 77-87. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.01.015

Losch, M, Strass, VH, Cisewski, B, Klaas, C and Bellerby, RGJ (2014) Ocean state estimation from hydrography and velocity observations during EIFEX with a regional biogeochemical ocean circulation model. Journal of Marine Systems, 129. 437-451. doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.09.003

128

Lohmann, G (2017) Atmospheric bridge on orbital time scales. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 128(3-4). 709-718. doi:10.1007/s00704-015-1725-2

Rippert, N, Nürnberg, D, Raddatz, J, Maier, E, Hathorne, EC, Bijma, J and Tiedemann, R (2016) Constraining foraminiferal calcification depths in the western Pacific warm pool. Marine Micropaleontology, 128. 14-27. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2016.08.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Titelboim, D, Sadekov, A, Hyams-Kaphzan, O, Almogi-Labin, A, Herut, B, Kucera, M and Abramovich, S (2018) Foraminiferal single chamber analyses of heavy metals as a tool for monitoring permanent and short term anthropogenic footprints. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 128. 65-71. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.002

Wei, B, Mollenhauer, G, Kusch, S, Hefter, J, Grotheer, H, Schefuß, E, Geibert, W, Ransby, D and Jia, G (2023) Anthropogenic perturbations change the quality and quantity of terrestrial carbon flux to the coastal ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 128(10). doi:10.1029/2023JG007482

Zhang, X, Prange, M, Ma, LB and Liu, J (2023) Nonlinear response of global monsoon precipitation to Atlantic overturning strength variations during marine Isotope Stage 3. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 128(20). doi:10.1029/2023JD038521

Zuhr, AM, Wahl, S, Steen‐Larsen, HC, Hörhold, M, Meyer, H and Laepple, T (2023) A snapshot on the buildup of the stable water isotopic signal in the upper snowpack at EastGRIP on the Greenland Ice Sheet. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 128(2). doi:10.1029/2022JF006767

127

Alfken, S, Wörmer, L, Lipp, JS, Wendt, J, Taubner, H, Schimmelmann, A and Hinrichs, KU (2019) Micrometer scale imaging of sedimentary climate archives – Sample preparation for combined elemental and lipid biomarker analysis. Organic Geochemistry, 127. 81-91. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.11.002

Dallanave, E, Sutherland, R, Dickens, GR, Chang, L, Tema, E, Alegret, L, Agnini, C, Westerhold, T, Newsam, C, Lam, AR, Stratford, W, Collot, J, Etienne, S and von Dobeneck, T (2022) Absolute paleolatitude of northern Zealandia from the middle eocene to the early Miocene. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 127(9). doi:10.1029/2022JB024736

Möller, M, Friedl, P, Palmer, SJ and Marzeion​​​​​​​, B (2022) Grounding line retreat and ice discharge variability at two surging, ice shelf‐forming basins of Flade Isblink ice iap, Northern Greenland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 127(2). e2021JF006302. doi:10.1029/2021JF006302

Reyes‐Macaya, D, Hoogakker, B, Martínez‐Méndez, G, Llanillo, PJ, Grasse, P, Mohtadi, M, Mix, AC, Leng, MJ, Struck, U, McCorkle, DC, Troncoso, M, Gayo, EM, Lange, CB, Farias, L, Carhuapoma, W, Graco, M, Cornejo‐D’Ottone, M, De Pol Holz, R, Fernandez, C, Narvaez, D, Vargas, CA, García‐Araya, F and Hebbeln, D (2022) Isotopic characterization of water masses in the Southeast Pacific region: paleoceanographic implications. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 127(1). doi:10.1029/2021JC017525

Wörmer, L, Wendt, J, Alfken, S, Wang, JX, Elvert, M, Heuer, VB and Hinrichs, KU (2019) Towards multiproxy, ultra-high resolution molecular stratigraphy: Enabling laser-induced mass spectrometry imaging of diverse molecular biomarkers in sediments. Organic Geochemistry, 127. 136-145. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.11.009

126

Ceccopieri, M, Carreira, RS, Wagener, ALR, Hefter, JH and Mollenhauer, G (2018) On the application of alkenone- and GDGT-based temperature proxies in the south-eastern Brazilian continental margin. Organic Geochemistry, 126. 43-56. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.10.009 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Huhn, O, Rhein, M, Kanzow, T, Schaffer, J and Sültenfuß, J (2021) Submarine meltwater from Nioghalvfjerdsbræ (79 North Glacier), Northeast Greenland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(7). doi:10.1029/2021JC017224

Koriche, SA, Nandini‐Weiss, SD, Prange, M, Singarayer, JS, Arpe, K, Cloke, HL, Schulz, M, Bakker, P, Leroy, SAG and Coe, M (2021) Impacts of Variations in Caspian Sea Surface Area on Catchment‐Scale and Large‐Scale Climate. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 126(18). doi:10.1029/2020JD034251

Kusch, S, Rethemeyer, J, Ransby, D and Mollenhauer, G (2021) Permafrost organic carbon turnover and export into a high‐Arctic fjord: A case study from Svalbard using compound‐specific 14 C analysis. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 126(3). doi:10.1029/2020JG006008

Löb, J, Köhler, J, Walter, M, Mertens, C and Rhein, M (2021) Time series of near‐inertial gravity wave energy fluxes: the effect of a strong wind event. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(10). doi:10.1029/2021JC017472

Moritz, M, Jochumsen, K, Kieke, D, Klein, B, Klein, H, Köllner, M and Rhein, M (2021) Volume Transport Time Series and Variability of the North Atlantic Eastern Boundary Current at Goban Spur. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(9). doi:10.1029/2021JC017393

Nowitzki, H, Rhein, M, Roessler, A, Kieke, D and Mertens, C (2021) Trends and transport variability of the circulation in the subpolar eastern North Atlantic. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(2). doi:10.1029/2020JC016693

125

Badewien, T, Vogts, A, Dupont, LM and Rullkötter, J (2015) Influence of Late Pleistocene and Holocene climate on vegetation distributions in southwest Africa elucidated from sedimentary n-alkanes – Differences between 12°S and 20°S. Quaternary Science Reviews, 125. 160-171. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.08.004 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Gilford, DM, Ashe, EL, DeConto, RM, Kopp, RE, Pollard, D and Rovere, A (2020) Could the Last Interglacial constrain projections of future Antarctic ice mass loss and sea‐level rise? Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 125(10). doi:10.1029/2019JF005418

Löb, J, Köhler, J, Mertens, C, Walter, M, Li, Z, Storch, JS, Zhao, Z and Rhein, M (2020) Observations of the low‐mode internal tide and its interaction with mesoscale flow south of the Azores. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 125(11). doi:10.1029/2019JC015879

Marret, F and Zonneveld, KAF (2003) Atlas of modern organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst distribution. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 125(1-2). 1-200. doi:10.1016/S0034-6667(02)00229-4 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Stendardo, I, Rhein, M and Steinfeldt, R (2020) The North Atlantic Current and its volume and freshwater transports in the subpolar North Atlantic, time period 1993–2016. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 125(9). doi:10.1029/2020JC016065

Venancio, IM, Franco, D, Belem, AL, Mulitza, S, Siccha, M, Albuquerque, ALS, Schulz, M and Kucera, M (2016) Planktonic foraminifera shell fluxes from a weekly resolved sediment trap record in the southwestern Atlantic: Evidence for synchronized reproduction. Marine Micropaleontology, 125. 25-35. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2016.03.003

124

Jaeschke, A, Rethemeyer, J, Lappé, M, Schouten, S, Boeckx, P and Schefuß, E (2018) Influence of land use on distribution of soil n-alkane δD and brGDGTs along an altitudinal transect in Ethiopia: Implications for (paleo)environmental studies. Organic Geochemistry, 124. 77-87. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.06.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Köhler, J, Walter, M, Mertens, C, Stiehler, J, Li, Z, Zhao, Z, Storch, JS and Rhein, M (2019) Energy flux observations in an internal tide beam in the eastern North Atlantic. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124(8). 5747-5764. doi:10.1029/2019JC015156

Park, E, Hefter, J, Fischer, G and Mollenhauer, G (2018) TEX86 in sinking particles in three eastern Atlantic upwelling regimes. Organic Geochemistry, 124. 151-163. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.07.015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rhein, M, Mertens, C and Roessler, A (2019) Observed transport decline at 47°N, Western Atlantic. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124(7). 4875-4890. doi:10.1029/2019JC014993

123

Kotov, S and Pälike, H (2019) Enhanced Principal Tensor Analysis as a tool for 3-way geological data reconstructions. Computers & Geosciences, 123. 161-171. doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2018.11.001

Lehmann, N, Granger, J, Kienast, M, Brown, KS, Rafter, PA, Martínez-Méndez, G and Mohtadi, M (2018) Isotopic evidence for the evolution of subsurface nitrate in the Western Equatorial Pacific. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 123(3). 1684-1707. doi:10.1002/2017JC013527 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wang, Y, Puķīte, J, Wagner, T, Donner, S, Beirle, S, Hilboll, A, Vrekoussis, M, Richter, A, Apituley, A, Piters, A, Allaart, M, Eskes, H, Frumau, A, Van Roozendael, M, Lampel, J, Platt, U, Schmitt, S, Swart, D and Vonk, J (2018) Vertical profiles of tropospheric ozone from MAX‐DOAS measurements during the CINDI‐2 campaign: Part 1—development of a new retrieval algorithm. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123(18). doi:10.1029/2018JD028647

122

Breckenfelder, T, Rhein, M, Roessler, A, Böning, CW, Biastoch, A, Behrens, E and Mertens, C (2017) Flow paths and variability of the North Atlantic Current: A comparison of observations and a high-resolution model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 122(4). 2686-2708. doi:10.1002/2016JC012444

121

Shi, X and Lohmann, G (2016) Simulated response of the mid-Holocene Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in ECHAM6-FESOM/MPIOM. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 121(8). 6444-6469. doi:10.1002/2015JC011584

Stendardo, I, Rhein, M and Hollmann, R (2016) A high resolution salinity time series 1993-2012 in the North Atlantic from Argo and Altimeter data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 121(4). 2523-2551. doi:10.1002/2015JC011439

Yang, H, Lohmann, G, Wei, W, Dima, M, Ionita, M and Liu, J (2016) Intensification and poleward shift of subtropical western boundary currents in a warming climate. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 121(7). 4928-4945. doi:10.1002/2015JC011513

120

Itkin, P, Losch, M and Gerdes, R (2015) Landfast ice affects the stability of the Arctic halocline: Evidence from a numerical model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120(4). 2622-2635. doi:10.1002/2014JC010353

Rhein, M, Kieke, D and Steinfeldt, R (2015) Advection of North Atlantic Deep Water from the Labrador Sea to the southern hemisphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120(4). 2471-2487. doi:10.1002/2014JC010605

Roessler, A, Rhein, M, Kieke, D and Mertens, C (2015) Long-term observations of North Atlantic Current transport at the gateway between western and eastern Atlantic. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120(6). 4003-4027. doi:10.1002/2014JC010662 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Schneider, L, Kieke, D, Jochumsen, K, Colbourne, E, Yashayaev, I, Steinfeldt, R, Varotsou, E, Serra, N and Rhein, M (2015) Variability of Labrador Sea Water transported through Flemish Pass during 1993-2013. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120(8). 5514-5533. doi:10.1002/2015JC010939 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Titelboim, D, Sadekov, A, Blumenfeld, M, Almogi-Labin, A, Herut, B, Halicz, L, Benaltabet, T, Torfstein, A, Kucera, M and Abramovich, S (2021) Monitoring of heavy metals in seawater using single chamber foraminiferal sclerochronology. Ecological Indicators, 120. 106931. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106931

Varotsou, E, Jochumsen, K, Serra, N, Kieke, D and Schneider, L (2015) Interannual transport variability of Upper Labrador Sea Water at Flemish Cap. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120(7). 5074-5089. doi:10.1002/2015JC010705

Versteegh, GJM (2005) Solar forcing of climate. 2: Evidence from the past. Space Science Reviews, 120(3-4). 243-286. doi:10.1007/s11214-005-7047-4

12

Agnini, C, Spofforth, DJA, Dickens, GR, Rio, D, Pälike, H, Backman, J, Muttoni, G and Dallanave, E (2016) Stable isotope and calcareous nannofossil assemblage record of the late Paleocene and early Eocene (Cicogna section). Climate of the Past, 12(4). 883-909. doi:10.5194/cp-12-883-2016

Batenburg, SJ, De Vleeschouwer, D, Sprovieri, M, Hilgen, FJ, Gale, AS, Singer, BS, Koeberl, C, Coccioni, R, Claeys, P and Montanari, A (2016) Orbital control on the timing of oceanic anoxia in the Late Cretaceous. Climate of the Past, 12(10). 1995-2009. doi:10.5194/cp-12-1995-2016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Behling, H (2003) Late glacial and Holocene vegetation, climate and fire history inferred from Lagoa Nova in the southeastern Brazilian lowland. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 12. 263-270. doi:10.1007/s00334-003-0020-9

Düsterhus, A, Rovere, A, Carlson, AE, Horton, BP, Klemann, V, Tarasov, L, Barlow, NLM, Bradwell, T, Clark, J, Dutton, A, Gehrels, WR, Hibbert, FD, Hijma, MP, Khan, N, Kopp, RE, Sivan, D and Törnqvist, TE (2016) Palaeo-sea-level and palaeo-ice-sheet databases: problems, strategies, and perspectives. Climate of the Past, 12(4). 911-921. doi:10.5194/cp-12-911-2016

Gowan, EJ, Zhang, X, Khosravi, S, Rovere, A, Stocchi, P, Hughes, ALC, Gyllencreutz, R, Mangerud, J, Svendsen, JI and Lohmann, G (2021) A new global ice sheet reconstruction for the past 80 000 years. Nature Communications, 12(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21469-w

Hollis, CJ, Dunkley Jones, T, Anagnostou, E, Bijl, PK, Cramwinckel, MJ, Cui, Y, Dickens, GR, Edgar, KM, Eley, Y, Evans, D, Foster, GL, Frieling, J, Inglis, GN, Kennedy, EM, Kozdon, R, Lauretano, V, Lear, CH, Littler, K, Lourens, LJ, Meckler, AN, Naafs, BDA, Pälike, H, Pancost, RD, Pearson, PN, Röhl, U, Royer, DL, Salzmann, U, Schubert, BA, Seebeck, H, Sluijs, A, Speijer, RP, Stassen, P, Tierney, J, Tripati, A, Wade, B, Westerhold, T, Witkowski, C, Zachos, JC, Zhang, YG, Huber, M and Lunt, DJ (2019) The DeepMIP contribution to PMIP4: methodologies for selection, compilation and analysis of latest Paleocene and early Eocene climate proxy data, incorporating version 0.1 of the DeepMIP database. Geoscientific Model Development, 12(7). 3149-3206. doi:10.5194/gmd-12-3149-2019

Häggi, C, Chiessi, CM and Schefuß, E (2015) Testing the D / H ratio of alkenones and palmitic acid as salinity proxies in the Amazon Plume. Biogeosciences, 12(23). 7239-7249. doi:10.5194/bg-12-7239-2015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Jonkers, L, Cartapanis, O, Langner, M, McKay, N, Mulitza, S, Strack, A and Kucera, M (2020) Integrating palaeoclimate time series with rich metadata for uncertainty modelling: strategy and documentation of the PalMod 130k marine palaeoclimate data synthesis. Earth System Science Data, 12(2). 1053-1081. doi:10.5194/essd-12-1053-2020

Jonkers, L and Kučera, M (2015) Global analysis of seasonality in the shell flux of extant planktonic Foraminifera. Biogeosciences, 12(7). 2207-2226. doi:10.5194/bg-12-2207-2015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Karstensen, J, Fiedler, B, Schütte, F, Brandt, P, Körtzinger, A, Fischer, G, Zantopp, R, Hahn, J, Visbeck, M and Wallace, D (2015) Open ocean dead zones in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. Biogeosciences, 12(8). 2597-2605. doi:10.5194/bg-12-2597-2015

Kölling, M, Bouimetarhan, I, Bowles, MW, Felis, T, Goldhammer, T, Hinrichs, KU, Schulz, M and Zabel, M (2019) Consistent CO2 release by pyrite oxidation on continental shelves prior to glacial terminations. Nature Geoscience, 12. 929-934. doi:10.1038/s41561-019-0465-9

Lucassen, F, Pritzkow, W, Rosner, M, Sepúlveda, F, Vásquez, P, Wilke, H and Kasemann, SA (2017) The stable isotope composition of nitrogen and carbon and elemental contents in modern and fossil seabird guano from Northern Chile – Marine sources and diagenetic effects. PLOS ONE, 12(6). e0179440. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179440

Martinez, M, Kotov, S, De Vleeschouwer, D, Pas, D and Pälike, H (2016) Testing the impact of stratigraphic uncertainty on spectral analyses of sedimentary series. Climate of the Past, 12(9). 1765-1783. doi:10.5194/cp-12-1765-2016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Marzeion, B (2021) ESD Ideas: A weak positive feedback between sea level and the planetary albedo. Earth System Dynamics, 12(4). 1057-1060. doi:10.5194/esd-12-1057-2021

Milker, Y, Weinkauf, MFG, Titschack, J, Freiwald, A, Krüger, S, Jorissen, FJ and Schmiedl, G (2017) Testing the applicability of a benthic foraminiferal-based transfer function for the reconstruction of paleowater depth changes in Rhodes (Greece) during the early Pleistocene. PLOS ONE, 12(11). e0188447. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0188447

Pados, T, Spielhagen, RF, Bauch, D, Meyer, H and Segl, M (2015) Oxygen and carbon isotope composition of modern planktic foraminifera and near-surface waters in the Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean) - a case study. Biogeosciences, 12(6). 1733-1752. doi:10.5194/bg-12-1733-2015

Peters, E, Ostendorf, M, Bösch, T, Seyler, A, Schönhardt, A, Schreier, SF, Henzing, JS, Wittrock, F, Richter, A, Vrekoussis, M and Burrows, JP (2019) Full-azimuthal imaging-DOAS observations of NO2 during CINDI-2. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 12(8). 4171-4190. doi:10.5194/amt-12-4171-2019

Pfeiffer, M and Lohmann, G (2016) Greenland Ice Sheet influence on Last Interglacial climate: global sensitivity studies performed with an atmosphere–ocean general circulation model. Climate of the Past, 12(6). 1313-1338. doi:10.5194/cp-12-1313-2016

Pikridas, M, Bezantakos, S, Močnik, G, Keleshis, C, Brechtel, F, Stavroulas, I, Demetriades, G, Antoniou, P, Vouterakos, P, Argyrides, M, Liakakou, E, Drinovec, L, Marinou, E, Amiridis, V, Vrekoussis, M, Mihalopoulos, N and Sciare, J (2019) On-flight intercomparison of three miniature aerosol absorption sensors using unmanned aerial systems (UASs). Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 12(12). 6425-6447. doi:10.5194/amt-12-6425-2019

Rachmayani, R, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2016) Intra-interglacial climate variability: model simulations of Marine Isotope Stages 1, 5, 11, 13, and 15. Climate of the Past, 12(3). 677-695. doi:10.5194/cp-12-677-2016 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Raitzsch, M, Kuhnert, H, Hathorne, EC, Groeneveld, J and Bickert, T (2011) U/Ca in benthic foraminifers: A proxy for the deep-sea carbonate saturation. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 12(6). doi:10.1029/2010GC003344 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rimbu, N, Ionita, M and Lohmann, G (2021) A synoptic scale perspective on Greenland ice core δ18O variability and related teleconnection patterns. Atmosphere, 12(3). 294. doi:10.3390/atmos12030294

Rimbu, N, Czymzik, M, Ionita, M, Lohmann, G and Brauer, A (2016) Atmospheric circulation patterns associated with the variability of River Ammer floods: evidence from observed and proxy data. Climate of the Past, 12(2). 377-385. doi:10.5194/cp-12-377-2016

Steinfeldt, R, Sültenfuß, J, Dengler, M, Fischer, T and Rhein, M (2015) Coastal upwelling off Peru and Mauritania inferred from helium isotope disequilibrium. Biogeosciences, 12(24). 7519-7533. doi:10.5194/bg-12-7519-2015

Stuhr, M, Reymond, CE, Rieder, V, Hallock, P, Rahnenführer, J, Westphal, H and Kucera, M (2017) Reef calcifiers are adapted to episodic heat stress but vulnerable to sustained warming. PLOS ONE, 12(7). e0179753. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179753

Stärz, M, Lohmann, G and Knorr, G (2016) The effect of a dynamic soil scheme on the climate of the mid-Holocene and the Last Glacial Maximum. Climate of the Past, 12(1). 151-170. doi:10.5194/cp-12-151-2016

Vacchi, M, Joyse, KM, Kopp, RE, Marriner, N, Kaniewski, D and Rovere, A (2021) Climate pacing of millennial sea-level change variability in the central and western Mediterranean. Nature Communications, 12(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24250-1

Woodard, SC, Thomas, DJ, Hovan, SA, Röhl, U and Westerhold, T (2011) Evidence for orbital forcing of dust accumulation during the early Paleogene Greenhouse. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 12. Q02007. doi:10.1029/2010GC003394 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wu, S, Lembke-Jene, L, Lamy, F, Arz, HW, Nowaczyk, NR, Xiao, W, Zhang, X, Hass, HC, Titschack, J, Zheng, X, Liu, J, Dumm, L, Diekmann, B, Nürnberg, D, Tiedemann, R and Kuhn, G (2021) Orbital- and millennial-scale Antarctic Circumpolar Current variability in Drake Passage over the past 140,000 years. Nature Communications, 12(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24264-9

von Schuckmann, K, Cheng, L, Palmer, MD, Hansen, J, Tassone, C, Aich, V, Adusumilli, S, Beltrami, H, Boyer, T, Cuesta-Valero, FJ, Desbruyères, D, Domingues, C, García-García, A, Gentine, P, Gilson, J, Gorfer, M, Haimberger, L, Ishii, M, Johnson, GC, Killick, R, King, BA, Kirchengast, G, Kolodziejczyk, N, Lyman, J, Marzeion, B, Mayer, M, Monier, M, Monselesan, DP, Purkey, S, Roemmich, D, Schweiger, A, Seneviratne, SI, Shepherd, A, Slater, DA, Steiner, AK, Straneo, F, Timmermans, ML and Wijffels, SE (2020) Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? Earth System Science Data, 12(3). 2013-2041. doi:10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020

119

Ionita, M, Felis, T, Lohmann, G, Rimbu, N and Pätzold, J (2014) Distinct modes of East Asian Winter Monsoon documented by a southern Red Sea coral record. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119(3). 1517-1533. doi:10.1002/2013JC009203

Mertens, C, Rhein, M, Walter, M, Böning, CW, Behrens, E, Kieke, D, Steinfeldt, R and Stöber, U (2014) Circulation and transports in the Newfoundland Basin, western subpolar North Atlantic. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119(11). 7772-7793. doi:10.1002/2014JC010019 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Rimbu, N, Lohmann, G and Ionita, M (2014) Interannual to multidecadal Euro-Atlantic blocking variability during winter and its relationship with extreme low temperatures in Europe. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 119(24). 13621-13636. doi:10.1002/2014JD021983

Romahn, S, Mackensen, A, Kuhlmann, H and Pätzold, J (2015) Benthic foraminiferal response to Late Glacial and Holocene sea level rise and rainfall variability off East Africa. Marine Micropaleontology, 119. 34-48. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2015.05.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Scholz, P, Kieke, D, Lohmann, G, Ionita, M and Rhein, M (2014) Evaluation of Labrador Sea Water formation in a global Finite-Element Sea-Ice Ocean Model setup, based on a comparison with observational data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119(3). 1644-1667. doi:10.1002/2013JC009232

Scoto, F, Sadatzki, H, Maffezzoli, N, Barbante, C, Gagliardi, A, Varin, C, Vallelonga, P, Gkinis, V, Dahl-Jensen, D, Kjær, HA, Burgay, F, Saiz-Lopez, A, Stein, R and Spolaor, A (2022) Sea ice fluctuations in the Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea during glacial abrupt climate changes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(44). doi:10.1073/pnas.2203468119

Yang, Q, Losa, SN, Losch, M, Tian-Kunze, X, Nerger, L, Liu, J, Kaleschke, L and Zhang, Z (2014) Assimilating SMOS sea ice thickness into a coupled ice-ocean model using a local SEIK filter. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119(10). 6680-6692. doi:10.1002/2014JC009963

118

Cheddadi, R, Carré, M, Nourelbait, M, François, L, Rhoujjati, A, Manay, R, Ochoa, D and Schefuß, E (2021) Early Holocene greening of the Sahara requires Mediterranean winter rainfall. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(23). e2024898118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2024898118

Dyer, B, Austermann, J, D’Andrea, WJ, Creel, RC, Sandstrom, MR, Cashman, M, Rovere, A and Raymo, ME (2021) Sea-level trends across The Bahamas constrain peak last interglacial ice melt. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(33). e2026839118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2026839118

Eglinton, TI, Galy, VV, Hemingway, JD, Feng, X, Bao, H, Blattmann, TM, Dickens, AF, Gies, H, Giosan, L, Haghipour, N, Hou, P, Lupker, M, McIntyre, CP, Montluçon, DB, Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B, Ponton, C, Schefuß, E, Schwab, MS, Voss, BM, Wacker, L, Wu, Y and Zhao, M (2021) Climate control on terrestrial biospheric carbon turnover. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(8). e2011585118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2011585118

Riedinger, N, Scholz, F, Abshire, ML and Zabel, M (2021) Persistent deep water anoxia in the eastern South Atlantic during the last ice age. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(49). e2107034118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2107034118

Yehudai, M, Kim, J, Pena, LD, Jaume-Seguí, M, Knudson, KP, Bolge, L, Malinverno, A, Bickert, T and Goldstein, SL (2021) Evidence for a Northern Hemispheric trigger of the 100,000-y glacial cyclicity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(46). e2020260118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2020260118

117

Ferre, B, Mienert, J and Feseker, T (2012) Ocean temperature variability for the past 60 years on the Norwegian-Svalbard. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 117. doi:10.1029/2012JC008300

Sadatzki, H, Maffezzoli, N, Dokken, TM, Simon, MH, Berben, SMP, Fahl, K, Kjær, HA, Spolaor, A, Stein, R, Vallelonga, P, Vinther, BM and Jansen, E (2020) Rapid reductions and millennial-scale variability in Nordic Seas sea ice cover during abrupt glacial climate changes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(47). 29478-29486. doi:10.1073/pnas.2005849117

Wollenburg, JE, Raitzsch, M and Tiedemann, R (2015) Novel high-pressure culture experiments on deep-sea benthic foraminifera — Evidence for methane seepage-related δ13C of Cibicides wuellerstorfi. Marine Micropaleontology, 117. 47-64. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2015.04.003

de Vernal, A, Hillaire-Marcel, C, Le Duc, C, Roberge, P, Brice, C, Matthiessen, J, Spielhagen, RF and Stein, R (2020) Natural variability of the Arctic Ocean sea ice during the present interglacial. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(42). 26069-26075. doi:10.1073/pnas.2008996117

116

Lamy, F, Chiang, JCH, Martínez-Méndez, G, Thierens, M, Arz, HW, Bosmans, J, Hebbeln, D, Lambert, F, Lembke-Jene, L and Stuut, JB (2019) Precession modulation of the South Pacific westerly wind belt over the past million years. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(47). 23455-23460. doi:10.1073/pnas.1905847116

Moore Jr, TC, Kamikuri, SI, Erhardt, AM, Baldauf, J, Coxall, HK and Westerhold, T (2015) Radiolarian stratigraphy near the Eocene–Oligocene boundary. Marine Micropaleontology, 116. 50-62. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2015.02.002

Werner, M, Langebroek, PM, Carlsen, T, Herold, M and Lohmann, G (2011) Stable water isotopes in the ECHAM5 general circulation model: Towards high-resolution isotope modeling on a global scale. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 116. D15109. doi:10.1029/2011JDO15681

115

Garcin, Y, Deschamps, P, Ménot, G, de Saulieu, G, Schefuß, E, Sebag, D, Dupont, LM, Oslisly, R, Brademann, B, Mbusnum, KG, Onana, JM, Ako, AA, Epp, LS, Tjallingii, R, Strecker, MR, Brauer, A and Sachse, D (2018) Early anthropogenic impact on Western Central African rainforests 2,600 y ago. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(13). 3261-3266. doi:10.1073/pnas.1715336115 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Jochumsen, K, Rhein, M, Hüttl-Kabus, S and Böning, CW (2010) On the propagation and decay of North Brazil Current rings. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 115. C10004. doi:10.1029/2009JC006042

Rhein, M, Dengler, M, Sültenfuß, J, Hummels, R, Hüttl-Kabus, S and Bourles, B (2010) Upwelling and associated heat flux in the equatorial Atlantic inferred from helium isotope disequilibrium. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 115(C8). C08021. doi:10.1029/2009JC005772 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

114

Chalk, TB, Hain, MP, Foster, GL, Rohling, EJ, Sexton, PF, Badger, MPS, Cherry, SG, Hasenfratz, AP, Haug, GH, Jaccard, SL, Martínez-García, A, Pälike, H, Pancost, RD and Wilson, PA (2017) Causes of ice age intensification across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(50). 13114-13119. doi:10.1073/pnas.1702143114 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Eden, C and Olbers, D (2017) A closure for eddy-mean flow effects based on the Rossby wave energy equation. Ocean Modelling, 114. 59-71. doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2017.04.005

Kirchner, K, Rhein, M, Hüttl-Kabus, S and Böning, CW (2009) On the spreading of South Atlantic Water into the Northern Hemisphere. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 114. C05019. doi:10.1029/2008JC005165

Kwiatkowski, C, Prange, M, Varma, V, Steinke, S, Hebbeln, D and Mohtadi, M (2015) Holocene variations of thermocline conditions in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean. Quaternary Science Reviews, 114. 33-42. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.01.028 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Liebrand, D, de Bakker, ATM, Beddow, HM, Wilson, PA, Bohaty, SM, Ruessink, G, Pälike, H, Batenburg, SJ, Hilgen, FJ, Hodell, DA, Huck, CE, Kroon, D, Raffi, I, Saes, MJM, van Dijk, AE and Lourens, LJ (2017) Evolution of the early Antarctic ice ages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(15). 3867-3872. doi:10.1073/pnas.1615440114

Rovere, A, Casella, E, Harris, DL, Lorscheid, T, Nandasena, NAK, Dyer, B, Sandstrom, MR, Stocchi, P, D’Andrea, WJ and Raymo, ME (2017) Giant boulders and Last Interglacial storm intensity in the North Atlantic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(46). 12144-12149. doi:10.1073/pnas.1712433114 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Weiner, AKM, Weinkauf, MFG, Kurasawa, A, Darling, KF and Kucera, M (2015) Genetic and morphometric evidence for parallel evolution of the Globigerinella calida morphotype. Marine Micropaleontology, 114. 19-35. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.10.003

Ávila, SP, Melo, C, Silva, L, Ramalho, RS, Quartau, R, Hipólito, A, Cordeiro, R, Rebelo, AC, Madeira, P, Rovere, A, Hearty, PJ, Henriques, D, Marques da Silva, C, de Frias Martins, AM and Zazo, C (2015) A review of the MIS 5e highstand deposits from Santa Maria Island (Azores, NE Atlantic): palaeobiodiversity, palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography. Quaternary Science Reviews, 114. 126-148. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.02.012

113

Hurley, SJ, Elling, FJ, Könneke, M, Buchwald, C, Wankel, SD, Santoro, AE, Lipp, JS, Hinrichs, KU and Pearson, A (2016) Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX86temperature proxy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(28). 7762-7767. doi:10.1073/pnas.1518534113

Kirchner, K, Rhein, M, Mertens, C, Böning, CW and Hüttl, S (2008) Observed and modeled meridional overturning circulation related flow into the Caribbean. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 113. C03028. doi:10.1029/2007JC004320

Natalicchio, M, Birgel, D, Peckmann, J, Lozar, F, Carnevale, G, Liu, X, Hinrichs, KU and Dela Pierre, F (2017) An archaeal biomarker record of paleoenvironmental change across the onset of the Messinian salinity crisis in the absence of evaporites (Piedmont Basin, Italy). Organic Geochemistry, 113. 242-253. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2017.08.014

112

Cermeño, P, Falkowski, PG, Romero, OE, Schaller, MF and Vallina, SM (2015) Continental erosion and the Cenozoic rise of marine diatoms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(14). 4239-4244. doi:10.1073/pnas.1412883112

Chen, W, Mohtadi, M, Schefuß, E and Mollenhauer, G (2016) Concentrations and abundance ratios of long-chain alkenones and glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers in sinking particles south of Java. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 112. 14-24. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2016.02.010 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

French, KL, Hallmann, C, Hope, JM, Schoon, PL, Zumberge, JA, Hoshino, Y, Peters, CA, George, SC, Love, GD, Brocks, JJ, Buick, R and Summons, RE (2015) Reappraisal of hydrocarbon biomarkers in Archean rocks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(19). 5915-5920. doi:10.1073/pnas.1419563112

Hanebuth, TJJ, Zhang, W, Hofmann, AL, Löwemark, LA and Schwenk, T (2015) Oceanic density fronts steering bottom-current induced sedimentation deduced from a 50 ka contourite-drift record and numerical modeling (off NW Spain). Quaternary Science Reviews, 112. 207-225. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.01.027

Hesse, T, Wolf-Gladrow, D, Lohmann, G, Bijma, J, Mackensen, A and Zeebe, RE (2014) Modelling δ13C in benthic foraminifera: Insights from model sensitivity experiments. Marine Micropaleontology, 112. 50-61. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.08.001

Lamy, F, Arz, HW, Kilian, R, Lange, CB, Lembke-Jene, L, Wengler, M, Kaiser, J, Baeza-Urrea, O, Hall, IR, Harada, N and Tiedemann, R (2015) Glacial reduction and millennial-scale variations in Drake Passage throughflow. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(44). 13496-13501. doi:10.1073/pnas.1509203112 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lopes, C, Kucera, M and Mix, AC (2014) Climate change decouples oceanic primary and export productivity and organic carbon burial. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(2). 332-335. doi:10.1073/pnas.1410480111

Martinez, M and Dera, G (2015) Orbital pacing of carbon fluxes by a ∼9-My eccentricity cycle during the Mesozoic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(41). 12604-12609. doi:10.1073/pnas.1419946112

111

Crüger, T, Kuhnert, H, Pätzold, J and Zorita, E (2006) Calibrations of Bermuda corals against large-scale sea surfac temperature and sea level pressure pattern time series and implications for climate reconstructions. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 111. D23103. doi:10.1029/2005JD006903

Evans, TW, Wörmer, L, Lever, MA, Lipp, JS, Lagostina, L, Lin, YS, Jørgensen, BB and Hinrichs, KU (2017) Size and composition of subseafloor microbial community in the Benguela upwelling area examined from intact membrane lipid and DNA analysis. Organic Geochemistry, 111. 86-100. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2017.06.008

Kahmen, A, Hoffmann, B, Schefuß, E, Arndt, SK, Cernusak, LA, West, JB and Sachse, D (2013) Leaf water deuterium enrichment shapes leaf wax n-alkane δD values of angiosperm plants II: Observational evidence and global implications. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 111. 50-63. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.09.004

Kahmen, A, Schefuß, E and Sachse, D (2013) Leaf water deuterium enrichment shapes leaf wax n-alkane δD values of angiosperm plants I: Experimental evidence and mechanistic insights. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 111. 39-49. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.09.003

Liu, Z, Zhu, J, Rosenthal, Y, Zhang, X, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Timmermann, A, Smith, RS, Lohmann, G, Zheng, W and Elison Timm, O (2014) The Holocene temperature conundrum. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(34). E3501-E3505. doi:10.1073/pnas.1407229111

Niedermeyer, EM, Sessions, AL, Feakins, SJ and Mohtadi, M (2014) Hydroclimate of the western Indo-Pacific Warm Pool during the past 24,000 years. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(26). 9402-9406. doi:10.1073/pnas.1323585111 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Wörmer, L, Elvert, M, Fuchser, J, Lipp, JS, Buttigieg, PL, Zabel, M and Hinrichs, KU (2014) Ultra-high-resolution paleoenvironmental records via direct laser-based analysis of lipid biomarkers in sediment core samples. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(44). 15669-15674. doi:10.1073/pnas.1405237111 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

110

Bijl, PK, Bendle, JA, Bohaty, SM, Pross, J, Schouten, S, Tauxe, L, Stickley, CE, McKay, R, Röhl, U, Olney, M, Sluijs, A, Escutia, C, Brinkhuis, H and Expedition 318 Scientists (2013) Eocene cooling linked to early flow across the Tasmanian Gateway. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(24). 9645-9650. doi:10.1073/pnas.1220872110 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Contreras, S, Meister, P, Liu, B, Prieto-Mollar, X, Hinrichs, KU, Khalili, A, Ferdelman, TG, Kuypers, MMM and Jorgensen, BB (2013) Cyclic 100-ka (glacial-interglacial) migration of subseafloor redox zonation on the Peruvian shelf. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(45). 18098-18103. doi:10.1073/pnas.1305981110

Kristen, I, Fuhrmann, A, Thorpe, J, Röhl, U, Wilkes, H and Oberhänsli, H (2007) Hydrological changes in southern Africa over the last 200 kyr as recorded in lake sediments from the Tswaing impact crater. South African Journal of Geology, Special Issue, 110. 311-326. doi:10.2113/gssajg.110.2-3.311

Owens, JD, Gill, BC, Jenkyns, HC, Bates, SM, Severmann, S, Kuypers, MMM, Woodfine, RG and Lyons, TW (2013) Sulfur isotopes track the global extent and dynamics of euxinia during Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(46). 18407-18412. doi:10.1073/pnas.1305304110

11

Alawad, KA, Al-Subhi, AM, Alsaafani, MA, Alraddadi, TM, Ionita, M and Lohmann, G (2019) Large-scale mode impacts on the sea level over the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Remote Sensing, 11(19). 2224. doi:10.3390/rs11192224

Berger, C, Meier, KJS, Kinkel, H and Baumann, KH (2014) Changes in calcification of coccoliths under stable atmospheric CO2. Biogeosciences, 11(4). 929-944. doi:10.5194/bg-11-929-2014

Bernales, J, Rogozhina, I, Greve, R and Thomas, M (2017) Comparison of hybrid schemes for the combination of shallow approximations in numerical simulations of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. The Cryosphere, 11(1). 247-265. doi:10.5194/tc-11-247-2017

Bouimetarhan, I, Dupont, LM, Kuhlmann, H, Pätzold, J, Prange, M, Schefuß, E and Zonneveld, KAF (2015) Northern Hemisphere control of deglacial vegetation changes in the Rufiji uplands (Tanzania). Climate of the Past, 11(5). 751-764. doi:10.5194/cp-11-751-2015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Cheng, Z, Weng, C, Steinke, S and Mohtadi, M (2018) Anthropogenic modification of vegetated landscapes in southern China from 6,000 years ago. Nature Geoscience, 11(12). 939-943. doi:10.1038/s41561-018-0250-1 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S, Mollenhauer, G, Silva, JB, Groeneveld, J and Prange, M (2015) Thermal evolution of the western South Atlantic and the adjacent continent during Termination 1. Climate of the Past, 11(6). 915-929. doi:10.5194/cp-11-915-2015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Cowan, EA, Zellers, SD, Müller, J, Walczak, MH, Worthington, LL, Caissie, BE, Clary, WA, Jaeger, JM, Gulick, SPS, Pratt, JW, Mix, AC and Fallon, SJ (2020) Sediment controls dynamic behavior of a Cordilleran Ice Stream at the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature Communications, 11(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15579-0

De Vleeschouwer, D, Drury, AJ, Vahlenkamp, M, Rochholz, F, Liebrand, D and Pälike, H (2020) High-latitude biomes and rock weathering mediate climate–carbon cycle feedbacks on eccentricity timescales. Nature Communications, 11(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18733-w

Dinter, T, Rozanov, VV, Burrows, JP and Bracher, A (2015) Retrieving the availability of light in the ocean utilising spectral signatures of vibrational Raman scattering in hyper-spectral satellite measurements. Ocean Science, 11(3). 373-389. doi:10.5194/os-11-373-2015

Dolan, AM, Hunter, SJ, Hill, DJ, Haywood, AM, Koenig, SJ, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Abe-Ouchi, A, Bragg, F, Chan, WL, Chandler, MA, Contoux, C, Jost, A, Kamae, Y, Lohmann, G, Lunt, DJ, Ramstein, G, Rosenbloom, NA, Sohl, L, Stepanek, C, Ueda, H, Yan, Q and Zhang, Z (2015) Using results from the PlioMIP ensemble to investigate the Greenland Ice Sheet during the mid-Pliocene Warm Period. Climate of the Past, 11(3). 403-424. doi:10.5194/cp-11-403-2015

Enge, AJ, Witte, U, Kucera, M and Heinz, P (2014) Uptake of phytodetritus by benthic foraminifera under oxygen depletion at the Indian margin (Arabian Sea). Biogeosciences, 11(7). 2017-2026. doi:10.5194/bg-11-2017-2014

Fischer, H, Meissner, KJ, Mix, AC, Abram, NJ, Austermann, J, Brovkin, V, Capron, E, Colombaroli, D, Daniau, AL, Dyez, KA, Felis, T, Finkelstein, SA, Jaccard, SL, McClymont, EL, Rovere, A, Sutter, J, Wolff, EW, Affolter, S, Bakker, P, Ballesteros-Cánovas, JA, Barbante, C, Caley, T, Carlson, AE, Churakova, O, Cortese, G, Cumming, BF, Davis, BAS, de Vernal, A, Emile-Geay, J, Fritz, SC, Gierz, P, Gottschalk, J, Holloway, MD, Joos, F, Kucera, M, Loutre, MF, Lunt, DJ, Marcisz, K, Marlon, JR, Martinez, P, Masson-Delmotte, V, Nehrbass-Ahles, C, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Raible, CC, Risebrobakken, B, Sánchez Goñi, MF, Arrigo, JS, Sarnthein, M, Sjolte, J, Stocker, TF, Velasquez Alvárez, PA, Tinner, W, Valdes, PJ, Vogel, H, Wanner, H, Yan, Q, Yu, Z, Ziegler, M and Zhou, L (2018) Palaeoclimate constraints on the impact of 2 °C anthropogenic warming and beyond. Nature Geoscience, 11(7). 474-485. doi:10.1038/s41561-018-0146-0

Forrest, M, Eronen, JT, Utescher, T, Knorr, G, Stepanek, C, Lohmann, G and Hickler, T (2015) Climate-vegetation modelling and fossil plant data suggest low atmospheric CO2 in the late Miocene. Climate of the Past, 11(12). 1701-1732. doi:10.5194/cp-11-1701-2015

Frigola, A, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2018) Boundary conditions for the Middle Miocene Climate Transition (MMCT v1.0). Geoscientific Model Development, 11(4). 1607-1626. doi:10.5194/gmd-11-1607-2018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

García-Pintado, J and Paul, A (2018) Evaluation of iterative Kalman smoother schemes for multi-decadal past climate analysis with comprehensive Earth system models. Geoscientific Model Development, 11(12). 5051-5084. doi:10.5194/gmd-11-5051-2018

Greco, M, Morard, R, Darling, K and Kucera, M (2023) Macroevolutionary patterns in intragenomic rDNA variability among planktonic foraminifera. PeerJ, 11. e15255. doi:10.7717/peerj.15255

Horigome, MT, Ziveri, P, Grelaud, M, Baumann, KH, Marino, G and Mortyn, PG (2014) Environmental controls on the Emiliania huxleyi calcite mass. Biogeosciences, 11(8). 2295-2308. doi:10.5194/bg-11-2295-2014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Jenkins, WJ, Doney, SC, Fendrock, M, Fine, R, Gamo, T, Jean-Baptiste, P, Key, R, Klein, B, Lupton, JE, Newton, R, Rhein, M, Roether, W, Sano, Y, Schlitzer, R, Schlosser, P and Swift, J (2019) A comprehensive global oceanic dataset of helium isotope and tritium measurements. Earth System Science Data, 11(2). 441-454. doi:10.5194/essd-11-441-2019

Le Quéré, C, Harrison, SP, Prentice, IC, Buitenhuis, ET, Aumont, O, Bopp, L, Claustre, H, Cotrim da Cunha, L, Geider, RJ, Giraud, X, Klaas, C, Kohfeld, KE, Legendre, L, Manizza, M, Platt, T, Rivkin, R, Sathyendranath, S, Uitz, J, Watson, AJ and Wolf-Gladrow, D (2005) Ecosystem dynamics based on plankton functional types for global ocean biogeochemistry models. Global Change Biology, 11(11). 2016-2040. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.1004.x

Lohmann, G (2020) Temperatures from energy balance models: the effective heat capacity matters. Earth System Dynamics, 11(4). 1195-1208. doi:10.5194/esd-11-1195-2020

Pinho, TML, Chiessi, CM, Portilho-Ramos, RC, Campos, MC, Crivellari, S, Nascimento, RA, Albuquerque, ALS, Bahr, A and Mulitza, S (2021) Meridional changes in the South Atlantic Subtropical Gyre during Heinrich Stadials. Scientific Reports, 11(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-021-88817-0

Rachmayani, R, Prange, M and Schulz, M (2015) North African vegetation–precipitation feedback in early and mid-Holocene climate simulations with CCSM3-DGVM. Climate of the Past, 11(2). 175-185. doi:10.5194/cp-11-175-2015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Razum, I, Bajo, P, Brunović, D, Ilijanić, N, Hasan, O, Röhl, U, Miko, MŠ and Miko, S (2021) Past climate variations recorded in needle-like aragonites correlate with organic carbon burial efficiency as revealed by lake sediments in Croatia. Scientific Reports, 11(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-021-87166-2

Rovere, A, Casella, E, Vacchi, M, Parravicini, V, Firpo, M, Ferrari, M, Morri, C and Bianchi, CN (2015) Coastal and marine geomorphology between Albenga and Savona (NW Mediterranean Sea, Italy). Journal of Maps, 11(2). 278-286. doi:10.1080/17445647.2014.933134 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Weinkauf, MFG, Kunze, JG, Waniek, JJ and Kucera, M (2016) Seasonal variation in shell calcification of planktonic Foraminifera in the NE Atlantic reveals species-specific response to temperature, productivity, and optimum growth conditions. PLOS ONE, 11(2). e0148363. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148363 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, Frederichs, T, Bohaty, SM and Zachos, JC (2015) Astronomical calibration of the geological timescale: closing the middle Eocene gap. Climate of the Past, 11(9). 1181-1195. doi:10.5194/cp-11-1181-2015 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

de Luca Lopes de Amorim, F, Rick, J, Lohmann, G and Wiltshire, KH (2021) Evaluation of machine learning predictions of a highly resolved time series of chlorophyll-a concentration. Applied Sciences, 11(16). 7208. doi:10.3390/app11167208

109

Herrmann, N, Boom, A, Carr, AS, Chase, BM, West, AG, Zabel, M and Schefuß, E (2017) Hydrogen isotope fractionation of leaf wax n -alkanes in southern African soils. Organic Geochemistry, 109. 1-13. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2017.03.008 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Saavedra-Pellitero, M, Baumann, KH, Flores Villarejo, JA and Gersonde, R (2014) Biogeographic distribution of living coccolithophores in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. Marine Micropaleontology, 109. 1-20. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.03.003 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Steinfeldt, R and Rhein, M (2004) Spreading velocities and dilution of NADW in the tropical Atlantic based on CFC time series. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 109. C03046. doi:10.1029/2003JC002050 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

108

Ferralis, N, Matys, ED, Knoll, AH, Hallmann, C and Summons, RE (2016) Rapid, direct and non-destructive assessment of fossil organic matter via microRaman spectroscopy. Carbon, 108. 440-449. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2016.07.039

Kuhlmann, J, Asioli, A, Trincardi, F, Klügel, A and Huhn, K (2015) Sedimentary response to Milankovitch-type climatic oscillations and formation of sediment undulations: evidence from a shallow-shelf setting at Gela Basin on the Sicilian continental margin. Quaternary Science Reviews, 108. 76-94. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.030 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lendt, R, Thomas, H, Hupe, A and Ittekkot, V (2003) The response of the near surface carbonate system of the northwestern Arabian Sea to the SW monsoon and related biological forcing. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 108. 3222. doi:10.1029/2000JC000771

107

Plähn, O, Baschek, B, Badewien, TH, Walter, M and Rhein, M (2002) The importance of the Gulf of Aqaba for the formation of bottom water in the Red Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 107. C8. doi:10.1029/2000JC000342

106

Bouimetarhan, I, Groeneveld, J, Dupont, LM and Zonneveld, KAF (2013) Low- to high- productivity pattern within Heinrich stadial 1: Inferrences from dinoflagellate cyst records off Senegal. Global and Planetary Change, 106. 64-76. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2013.03.007 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Castañeda, IS, Mulitza, S, Schefuß, E, Lopes dos Santos, RA, Sinninghe Damsté, JS and Schouten, S (2009) Wet phases in the Sahara/Sahel region and human migration patterns in North Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(48). 20159-20163. doi:10.1073/pnas.0905771106 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

McKay, CL, Filipsson, HL, Romero, OE, Stuut, JB and Donner, B (2014) Pelagic–benthic coupling within an upwelling system of the subtropical northeast Atlantic over the last 35 ka BP. Quaternary Science Reviews, 106. 299-315. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.04.027 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Vallé, F, Westerhold, T and Dupont, LM (2017) Orbital-driven environmental changes recorded at ODP Site 959 (eastern equatorial Atlantic) from the Late Miocene to the Early Pleistocene. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 106. 1161-1174. doi:10.1007/s00531-016-1350-z PANGAEA Supplementary Data

105

Teodoru, CR, Friedl, G, Friedrich, J, Röhl, U, Sturm, M and Wehrli, B (2007) Spatial distribution and recent changes in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulatoin in sediments of the Black Sea. Marine Chemistry, 105(1-2). 52-69. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2006.12.013

Titelboim, D, Almogi-Labin, A, Herut, B, Kucera, M, Schmidt, C, Hyams-Kaphzan, O, Ovadia, O and Abramovich, S (2016) Selective responses of benthic foraminifera to thermal pollution. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 105(1). 324-336. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.002

Waelbroeck, C, Kiefer, T, Dokken, T, Chen, MT, Spero, HJ, Jung, S, Weinelt, M, Kucera, M and Paul, A (2014) Constraints on surface seawater oxygen isotope change between the Last Glacial Maximum and the Late Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 105. 102-111. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.020 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

104

Reiter, W, Elfert, S, Glotzbach, C and Spiegel, C (2015) Plio-Pleistocene evolution of the north Alpine drainage system: new constraints from detrital thermochronology of foreland deposits. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 104(3). 891-907. doi:10.1007/s00531-014-1114-6

103

Capron, E, Govin, A, Stone, EJ, Masson-Delmotte, V, Mulitza, S, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Rasmussen, TL, Sime, LC, Waelbroeck, C and Wolff, EW (2014) Temporal and spatial structure of multi-millennial temperature changes at high latitudes during the Last Interglacial. Quaternary Science Reviews, 103. 116-133. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.08.018 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Fink, HG, Wienberg, C, de Pol-Holz, R and Hebbeln, D (2015) Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of Mediterranean cold-water corals (Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata) during the past 14,000 years. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 103. 37-48. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2015.05.006 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

102

Contreras-Rosales, LA, Jennerjahn, TC, Tharammal, T, Meyer, V, Lückge, A, Paul, A and Schefuß, E (2014) Evolution of the Indian Summer Monsoon and terrestrial vegetation in the Bengal region during the past 18 ka. Quaternary Science Reviews, 102. 133-148. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.08.010 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Hockun, K, Mollenhauer, G, Ho, SL, Hefter, J, Ohlendorf, C, Zolitschka, B, Mayr, C, Lücke, A and Schefuß, E (2016) Using distributions and stable isotopes of n-alkanes to disentangle organic matter contributions to sediments of Laguna Potrok Aike, Argentina. Organic Geochemistry, 102. 110-119. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2016.10.001

Schreier, SF, Peters, E, Richter, A, Lampel, J, Wittrock, F and Burrows, JP (2015) Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO2 and SO2 in the South China and Sulu Sea. Atmospheric Environment, 102. 331-343. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.12.015

101

Hessler, I, Young, M, Holzwarth, U, Mohtadi, M, Lückge, A and Behling, H (2013) Imprint of eastern Indian Ocean surface oceanography on modern organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. Marine Micropaleontology, 101. 89-105. doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2013.02.005 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Kimmritz, M, Danilov, S and Losch, M (2016) The adaptive EVP method for solving the sea ice momentum equation. Ocean Modelling, 101. 59-67. doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.03.004

100

Bentley, MJ, Ó Cofaigh, C, Anderson, JB, Conway, H, Davies, B, Graham, AGC, Hillenbrand, CD, Hodgson, DA, Jamieson, SSR, Larter, RD, Mackintosh, A, Smith, JA, Verleyen, E, Ackert, RP, Bart, PJ, Berg, S, Brunstein, D, Canals, M, Colhoun, EA, Crosta, X, Dickens, WA, Domack, E, Dowdeswell, JA, Dunbar, RB, Ehrmann, WU, Evans, J, Favier, V, Fink, D, Fogwill, CJ, Glasser, NF, Gohl, K, Golledge, NR, Goodwin, I, Gore, DB, Greenwood, SL, Hall, BL, Hall, K, Hedding, DW, Hein, AS, Hocking, EP, Jakobsson, M, Johnson, JS, Jomelli, V, Jones, RS, Klages, JP, Kristoffersen, Y, Kuhn, G, Leventer, A, Licht, K, Lilly, K, Lindow, J, Livingstone, SJ, Massé, G, McGlone, MS, McKay, RM, Melles, M, Miura, H, Mulvaney, R, Nel, W, Nitsche, FO, O'Brien, PE, Post, AL, Roberts, SJ, Saunders, KM, Selkirk, PM, Simms, AR, Spiegel, C, Stolldorf, TD, Sugden, DE, van der Putten, N, van Ommen, TD, Verfaillie, D, Vyverman, W, Wagner, B, White, DA, Witus, AE and Zwartz, D (2014) A community-based geological reconstruction of Antarctic Ice Sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews, 100. 1-9. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.06.025

Larter, RD, Anderson, JB, Graham, AGC, Gohl, K, Hillenbrand, CD, Jakobsson, M, Johnson, JS, Kuhn, G, Nitsche, FO, Smith, JA, Witus, AE, Bentley, MJ, Dowdeswell, JA, Ehrmann, WU, Klages, JP, Lindow, J, Ó Cofaigh, C and Spiegel, C (2014) Reconstruction of changes in the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews, 100. 55-86. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.10.016

10

Badia, A, Jorba, O, Voulgarakis, A, Dabdub, D, Pérez García-Pando, C, Hilboll, A, Gonçalves, M and Janjic, Z (2017) Description and evaluation of the Multiscale Online Nonhydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry model (NMMB-MONARCH) version 1.0: gas-phase chemistry at global scale. Geoscientific Model Development, 10(2). 609-638. doi:10.5194/gmd-10-609-2017

Barrenechea Angeles, I, Lejzerowicz, F, Cordier, T, Scheplitz, J, Kucera, M, Ariztegui, D, Pawlowski, J and Morard, R (2020) Planktonic foraminifera eDNA signature deposited on the seafloor remains preserved after burial in marine sediments. Scientific Reports, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77179-8

Chaabane, S, de Garidel-Thoron, T, Giraud, X, Schiebel, R, Beaugrand, G, Brummer, GJ, Casajus, N, Greco, M, Grigoratou, M, Howa, H, Jonkers, L, Kucera, M, Kuroyanagi, A, Meilland, J, Monteiro, F, Mortyn, G, Almogi-Labin, A, Asahi, H, Avnaim-Katav, S, Bassinot, F, Davis, CV, Field, DB, Hernández-Almeida, I, Herut, B, Hosie, G, Howard, W, Jentzen, A, Johns, DG, Keigwin, L, Kitchener, J, Kohfeld, KE, Lessa, DVO, Manno, C, Marchant, M, Ofstad, S, Ortiz, JD, Post, A, Rigual-Hernandez, A, Rillo, MC, Robinson, K, Sagawa, T, Sierro, FJ, Takahashi, KT, Torfstein, A, Venancio, I, Yamasaki, M and Ziveri, P (2023) The FORCIS database: a global census of planktonic Foraminifera from ocean waters. Scientific Data, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02264-2

Gatti, G, Bianchi, CN, Parravicini, V, Rovere, A, Peirano, A, Montefalcone, M, Massa, F and Morri, C (2015) Ecological change, sliding baselines and the importance of historical data: lessons from combing observational and quantitative data on a temperate reef over 70 years. PLOS ONE, 10(2). e0118581. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118581

Gong, X, Lembke-Jene, L, Lohmann, G, Knorr, G, Tiedemann, R, Zou, JJ and Shi, X (2019) Enhanced North Pacific deep-ocean stratification by stronger intermediate water formation during Heinrich Stadial 1. Nature Communications, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08606-2

Govin, A, Chiessi, CM, Zabel, M, Sawakuchi, AO, Heslop, D, Hörner, T, Zhang, Y and Mulitza, S (2014) Terrigenous input off northern South America driven by changes in Amazonian climate and the North Brazil Current retroflection during the last 250 ka. Climate of the Past, 10(2). 843-862. doi:10.5194/cp-10-843-2014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Groeneveld, J and Filipsson, HL (2013) Mg/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios in benthic foraminifera: the potential to reconstruct past variations in temperature and hypoxia in shelf regions. Biogeosciences, 10(7). 5125-5138. doi:10.5194/bg-10-5125-2013

Hessler, I, Harrison, SP, Kucera, M, Waelbroeck, C, Chen, MT, Andersson, C, de Vernal, A, Fréchette, B, Cloke-Hayes, A, Leduc, G and Londeix, L (2014) Implication of methodological uncertainties for Mid-Holocene sea surface temperature reconstructions. Climate of the Past, 10. 2237-2252. doi:10.5194/cpd-10-1747-2014

Hill, DJ, Haywood, AM, Lunt, DJ, Hunter, SJ, Bragg, FJ, Contoux, C, Stepanek, C, Sohl, L, Rosenbloom, NA, Chan, WL, Kamae, Y, Zhang, Z, Abe-Ouchi, A, Chandler, MA, Jost, A, Lohmann, G, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Ramstein, G and Ueda, H (2014) Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations. Climate of the Past, 10(1). 79-90. doi:10.5194/cp-10-79-2014

Ionita, M, Grosfeld, K, Scholz, P, Treffeisen, R and Lohmann, G (2019) September Arctic sea ice minimum prediction – a skillful new statistical approach. Earth System Dynamics, 10(1). 189-203. doi:10.5194/esd-10-189-2019

Khosravi, N, Wang, Q, Koldunov, N, Hinrichs, C, Semmler, T, Danilov, S and Jung, T (2022) The Arctic Ocean in CMIP6 models: biases and projected changes in temperature and salinity. Earth's Future, 10(2). doi:10.1029/2021EF002282

Kuehn, H, Lembke-Jene, L, Gersonde, R, Esper, O, Lamy, F, Arz, HW, Kuhn, G and Tiedemann, R (2014) Laminated sediments in the Bering Sea reveal atmospheric teleconnections to Greenland climate on millennial to decadal timescales during the last deglaciation. Climate of the Past, 10(6). 2215-2236. doi:10.5194/cp-10-2215-2014

Liu, W, Alfken, S, Wörmer, L, Lipp, JS and Hinrichs, KU (2022) Hidden molecular clues in marine sediments revealed by untargeted mass spectrometry imaging. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10. doi:10.3389/feart.2022.931157

Max, L, Lembke-Jene, L, Riethdorf, JR, Tiedemann, R, Nürnberg, D, Kühn, H and Mackensen, A (2014) Pulses of enhanced North Pacific Intermediate Water ventilation from the Okhotsk Sea and Bering Sea during the last deglaciation. Climate of the Past, 10(2). 591-605. doi:10.5194/cp-10-591-2014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Meyer, I, Davies, GR, Vogt, C, Kuhlmann, H and Stuut, JBW (2013) Changing rainfall patterns in NW Africa since the Younger Dryas. Aeolian Research, 10. 111-123. doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.03.003

Muglia, J, Mulitza, S, Repschläger, J, Schmittner, A, Lembke-Jene, L, Lisiecki, L, Mix, A, Saraswat, R, Sikes, E, Waelbroeck, C, Gottschalk, J, Lippold, J, Lund, D, Martínez-Méndez, G, Michel, E, Muschitiello, F, Naik, S, Okazaki, Y, Stott, L, Voelker, A and Zhao, N (2023) A global synthesis of high-resolution stable isotope data from benthic foraminifera of the last deglaciation. Scientific Data, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02024-2

Preto, N, Agnini, C, Rigo, M, Sprovieri, M and Westphal, H (2013) The calcareous nannofossil Prinsiosphaera achieved rock-forming abundances in the latest Triassic of western Tethys: consequences for the δ13C of bulk carbonate. Biogeosciences, 10(9). 6053-6068. doi:10.5194/bg-10-6053-2013

Rabe, B, Heuzé, C, Regnery, J, Aksenov, Y, Allerholt, J, Athanase, M, Bai, Y, Basque, C, Bauch, D, Baumann, TM, Chen, D, Cole, ST, Craw, L, Davies, A, Damm, E, Dethloff, K, Divine, DV, Doglioni, F, Ebert, F, Fang, YC, Fer, I, Fong, AA, Gradinger, R, Granskog, MA, Graupner, R, Haas, C, He, H, He, Y, Hoppmann, M, Janout, M, Kadko, D, Kanzow, T, Karam, S, Kawaguchi, Y, Koenig, Z, Kong, B, Krishfield, RA, Krumpen, T, Kuhlmey, D, Kuznetsov, I, Lan, M, Laukert, G, Lei, R, Li, T, Torres-Valdes, S, Lin, L, Lin, L, Liu, H, Liu, N, Loose, B, Ma, X, McKay, R, Mallet, M, Mallett, RDC, Maslowski, W, Mertens, C, Mohrholz, V, Muilwijk, M, Nicolaus, M, O’Brien, JK, Perovich, D, Ren, J, Rex, M, Ribeiro, N, Rinke, A, Schaffer, J, Schuffenhauer, I, Schulz, K, Shupe, MD, Shaw, W, Sokolov, V, Sommerfeld, A, Spreen, G, Stanton, T, Stephens, M, Su, J, Sukhikh, N, Sundfjord, A, Thomisch, K, Tippenhauer, S, Toole, JM, Vredenborg, M, Walter, M, Wang, H, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Wendisch, M, Zhao, J, Zhou, M and Zhu, J (2022) Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: physical oceanography. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 10(1). doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00062

Romahn, S, Mackensen, A, Groeneveld, J and Pätzold, J (2014) Deglacial intermediate water reorganization: new evidence from the Indian Ocean. Climate of the Past, 10(1). 293-303. doi:10.5194/cp-10-293-2014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Santos, RN, Schefuß, E, Cordeiro, LGMS, Oliveira, D, Hernández, A, Ramos, AM and Rodrigues, T (2022) Leaf wax biomarkers of a high-mountain lake area in western iberia—Implications for environmental reconstructions. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.994377

Schmidt, C, Morard, R, Almogi-Labin, A, Weinmann, AE, Titelboim, D, Abramovich, S and Kucera, M (2015) Recent invasion of the symbiont-bearing foraminifera Pararotalia into the eastern Mediterranean facilitated by the ongoing warming trend. PLOS ONE, 10(8). e0132917. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132917 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Seguinot, J, Rogozhina, I, Stroeven, AP, Margold, M and Kleman, J (2016) Numerical simulations of the Cordilleran ice sheet through the last glacial cycle. The Cryosphere, 10(2). 639-664. doi:10.5194/tc-10-639-2016

Siccha, M, Morard, R, Meilland, J, Iwasaki, S, Kucera, M and Kimoto, K (2023) Collection of X-ray micro computed tomography images of shells of planktic foraminifera with curated taxonomy. Scientific Data, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02498-0

Spezzaferri, S, Kucera, M, Pearson, PN, Wade, BS, Rappo, S, Poole, CR, Morard, R and Stalder, C (2015) Fossil and genetic evidence for the polyphyletic nature of the planktonic foraminifera "Globigerinoides", and description of the new genus Trilobatus. PLOS ONE, 10(5). e0128108. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128108

Tabares, X, Zimmermann, H, Dietze, E, Ratzmann, G, Belz, L, Vieth‐Hillebrand, A, Dupont, LM, Wilkes, H, Mapani, B and Herzschuh, U (2020) Vegetation state changes in the course of shrub encroachment in an African savanna since about 1850 CE and their potential drivers. Ecology and Evolution, 10. 926-979. doi:10.1002/ece3.5955

Ullmann, CV, Boyle, R, Duarte, LV, Hesselbo, SP, Kasemann, SA, Klein, T, Lenton, TM, Piazza, V and Aberhan, M (2020) Warm afterglow from the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event drives the success of deep-adapted brachiopods. Scientific Reports, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63487-6

Vega Thurber, R, Schmeltzer, ER, Grottoli, AG, van Woesik, R, Toonen, RJ, Warner, M, Dobson, KL, McLachlan, RH, Barott, K, Barshis, DJ, Baumann, J, Chapron, L, Combosch, DJ, Correa, AMS, DeCarlo, TM, Hagedorn, M, Hédouin, L, Hoadley, K, Felis, T, Ferrier-Pagès, C, Kenkel, C, Kuffner, IB, Matthews, J, Medina, M, Meyer, C, Oster, C, Price, J, Putnam, HM and Sawall, Y (2022) Unified methods in collecting, preserving, and archiving coral bleaching and restoration specimens to increase sample utility and interdisciplinary collaboration. PeerJ, 10. e14176. doi:10.7717/peerj.14176

Venancio, IM, Nascimento, RA, Santos, TP, Belem, AL, Lessa, DO, Tiedemann, R, Chiessi, CM, Mulitza, S and Albuquerque, ALS (2022) Tropical South American rainfall response to Dansgaard-Oeschger Stadials of Marine Isotope Stage 5. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10. doi:10.3389/feart.2022.826993

Völpel, R, Paul, A, Krandick, A, Mulitza, S and Schulz, M (2017) Stable water isotopes in the MITgcm. Geoscientific Model Development, 10(8). 3125-3144. doi:10.5194/gmd-10-3125-2017

Weinkauf, MFG, Moller, T, Koch, MC and Kučera, M (2013) Calcification intensity in planktonic Foraminifera reflects ambient conditions irrespective of environmental stress. Biogeosciences, 10(10). 6639-6655. doi:10.5194/bg-10-6639-2013

Westerhold, T, Röhl, U, Pälike, H, Wilkens, R, Wilson, PA and Acton, G (2014) Orbitally tuned timescale and astronomical forcing in the middle Eocene to early Oligocene. Climate of the Past, 10(3). 955-973. doi:10.5194/cp-10-955-2014 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Zhang, X, Knorr, G, Lohmann, G and Barker, S (2017) Abrupt North Atlantic circulation changes in response to gradual CO2 forcing in a glacial climate state. Nature Geoscience, 10(7). 518-523. doi:10.1038/NGEO2974

Zuhr, AM, Dolman, AM, Ho, SL, Groeneveld, J, Löwemark, L, Grotheer, H, Su, CC and Laepple, T (2022) Age-heterogeneity in marine sediments revealed by three-dimensional high-resolution radiocarbon measurements. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10. doi:10.3389/feart.2022.871902

van de Wal, RSW, Nicholls, RJ, Behar, D, McInnes, K, Stammer, D, Lowe, JA, Church, JA, DeConto, R, Fettweis, X, Goelzer, H, Haasnoot, M, Haigh, ID, Hinkel, J, Horton, BP, James, TS, Jenkins, A, LeCozannet, G, Levermann, A, Lipscomb, WH, Marzeion, B, Pattyn, F, Payne, AJ, Pfeffer, WT, Price, SF, Seroussi, H, Sun, S, Veatch, W and White, K (2022) A high‐end estimate of sea level rise for practitioners. Earth's Future, 10(11). doi:10.1029/2022EF002751

1

Clift, PD, Hodges, KV, Heslop, D, Hannigan, R, Van Long, H and Calves, G (2008) Correlation of Himalayan exhumation rates and Asian monsoon intensity. Nature Geoscience, 1. 875-880. doi:10.1038/ngeo351

Friedrich, O, Erbacher, J, Moriya, K, Wilson, PA and Kuhnert, H (2008) Warm saline intermediate waters in the Cretaceous tropical Atlantic Ocean. Nature Geoscience, 1(7). 453-457. doi:10.1038/ngeo217 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Lohmann, G (2009) Abrupt Climate Change Modelling. In: Meyers, RA (ed.) Encyclopedia of Complexity and System Science. Springer, New York, 1-21. ISBN 978-0-387-75888-6 doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30440-3_1

Milivojević, T, Rahman, SN, Raposo, D, Siccha, M, Kucera, M and Morard, R (2021) High variability in SSU rDNA gene copy number among planktonic foraminifera revealed by single-cell qPCR. ISME Communications, 1(1). doi:10.1038/s43705-021-00067-3

Olbers, D, Eden, C, Becker, E, Pollmann, F and Jungclaus, J (2019) The IDEMIX Model: parameterization of internal gravity waves for circulation models of ocean and atmosphere. In: Eden, C and Iske, A (eds.) Energy Transfers in Atmosphere and Ocean. Mathematics of Planet Earth, 1. Springer, Cham., 87-125. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05704-6_3

Rimbu, N and Felis, T (2022) On the relationship between Scandinavian extreme precipitation days, atmospheric blocking and Red Sea coral oxygen isotopes. Environmental Research: Climate, 1(1). 011003. doi:10.1088/2752-5295/ac806b

Tjallingii, R, Claussen, M, Stuut, JB, Fohlmeister, J, Jahn, A, Bickert, T, Lamy, F and Röhl, U (2008) Coherent high- and low-latitude control of the Northwest African hydrological balance. Nature Geoscience, 1. 670-675. doi:10.1038/ngeo289 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

Ziegler, M, Nürnberg, D, Karas, C, Tiedemann, R and Lourens, LJ (2008) Persistent summer expansion of the Atlantic Warm Pool during glacial abrupt cold events. Nature Geoscience, 1. 601-605. doi:10.1038/ngeo277 PANGAEA Supplementary Data

This list was generated on Wed Apr 24 03:15:18 2024 CEST.